封端聚醚胺单组份聚脲树脂的研究

用迈克尔加成反应合成了一种封端胺类物质酮亚胺,与异腈酸酯预聚物混合制备出一种单组份聚脲树脂。使用FTIR对封端胺物质以及成膜物成分进行了分析,对该单组份聚脲树脂的固化成膜性能进行了分析和讨论。该种单组份聚脲实干24h;附着力1级;耐化学介质和耐水性能良好;断裂伸长率、柔韧性、耐冲击性等力学性能优良。     

Impact of polyurea structure on grease properties

The thickener structure of polyurea grease has a crucial effect on its properties. Therefore, it is very important to study the relationship between a thickener structure and physical and performance properties. In this study, polyurea greases were synthesised, having a different number of urea groups in per polyurea thickener molecule. Properties such as dropping point, penetration, oil separation, shear stability and four‐ball wear and extreme pressure (EP) were evaluated. The result shows that properties of polyurea grease vary with the number of urea group per polyurea molecule. Based on molecular theory, the mechanisms explaining these effects are briefly discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

聚脲基润滑脂发展研究（I）——组成、结构与性能

聚脲润滑脂属于性能较为全面的高温润滑脂,具有良好的氧化安定性、热稳定性、泵送性、机械安定性、胶体安定性、抗水性等优良性能,性能十分全面。综述近年来国内外聚脲润滑脂的研究进展,讨论基础油、稠化剂、添加剂对聚脲润滑脂的滴点、锥入度、分油率、极压抗磨性等性能的影响,并结合聚脲润滑脂发展趋势提出如下研发建议：聚脲润滑脂的基础油仍将以矿物油为主,但聚烯烃、酯类油等用量及占比会上升,废润滑油再生后得到的基础油也可用作润滑脂的制备,可降解基础油的研发应是未来重要方向之一;应加强构效关系研究,从而精准设计出可与基础油、添加剂匹配良好的稠化剂分子,进而实现聚脲润滑脂综合性能的调控;应根据聚脲润滑脂的个性化特点,加大新型添加剂的研发力度;应加强复合聚脲金属基润滑脂的研发力度,赋予聚脲润滑脂更为优异的性能。     

Synthetic polyurea extreme‐pressure greases

This paper describes the preparation of synthetic polyurea greases and evaluates their performance. The polyurea greases were prepared in situ by reacting diisocyanate with monoamines and ethylene diamine in the presence of a synthetic base oil (polyalphaolefin). Two different extreme‐pressure (EP) additives blended with the prepared polyurea greases were evaluated for their EP activity in four‐ball and Timken tests. The additivated greases gave higher loads, and higher values of weld load in the four‐ball test as compared to the polyurea grease without additive. The blended greases were also found to pass rust, corrosion, oxidative stability, and shear stability tests. The topography of the wear‐scar surfaces was investigated using scanning electron microscopy.     

聚脲润滑脂的研究现状

简述了聚脲润滑脂的结构、性能以及研究现状 ,并介绍了改善聚脲润滑脂剪切安定性的研究。     

轿车轮毂轴承聚脲润滑脂研究综述

随着轿车轮毂轴承向小型轻量化方向发展,对轿车轮毂轴承润滑脂提出了更高的要求,聚脲润滑脂以其优异的抗氧化性能、高温性能、长使用寿命,已广泛用于轿车轮毂轴承润滑.介绍了轿车轮毂轴承用聚脲润滑脂的主要性能,综述国内轿车轮毂轴承用聚脲润滑脂的研究现状,提出应大力发展和推广应用多效、长寿命的通用聚脲润滑脂.     

聚脲润滑脂稠化剂结构与其性能的关系

以脂肪胺、芳香胺、脂环胺的不同组合和异氰酸酯为稠化剂,在不同的工艺条件下制备一系列的聚脲润滑脂;利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对润滑脂皂纤维微观结构进行表征;探讨不同的稠化剂组成、不同制备工艺对聚脲润滑脂的微观结构和性能的影响。结果表明:单纯均匀颗粒状稠化剂比纤维与颗粒状复合的稠化剂所制备的聚脲脂具有更优的性能;纤维结构以单根形式存在为主的聚脲润滑脂性能优于纤维结构为多根纤维聚集为一股,各股之间交织的聚脲润滑脂。     

喷涂聚脲弹性体技术及应用

着重从化学原理、技术关键及应用方面介绍喷涂聚脲（ＳＰＵＡ）弹性体。ＳＰＵＡ材料在建筑防水、裂纹修补、防腐、耐磨、抗湿滑、抢修及装饰等工程中具有广阔的应用前景。     

Tribological characteristics of bisphenol S bis(diphenyl phosphate) as a high‐performance antiwear additive in lubricating greases at elevated temperature

Bisphenol S bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BSDP) was synthesised and characterised, and its tribological behaviours as additives in polyurea grease and lithium complex grease were evaluated for steel/steel contact at 200 °C. The results indicated that BSDP could dramatically reduce the friction and wear of sliding pairs in the base grease of polyurea, and the tribological performances of BSDP in polyurea grease were significantly superior to the normally used molybdenum disulfide‐based additive package. Furthermore, BSDP in polyurea grease has better tribological behaviour than that in lithium complex grease at a constant load of 100 N. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated that boundary lubrication films composed of Fe(OH)O, Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄ and FePO₄ compounds containing the P–O bonds and nitride compounds were formed on the worn surface, which resulted in excellent friction reduction and antiwear performance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Alkyl Imidazolium Ionic Liquids as Friction Reduction and Anti-Wear Additive in Polyurea Grease for Steel/Steel Contacts

Five room temperature ionic liquids (ILs), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (L-P104), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (L-P106), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (L-P108), 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (L-P110), and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (LB106) were studied as 1 wt% additives of polyurea grease for steel/steel contacts. Their tribological behaviors as additives of polyurea grease for steel/steel contacts were evaluated on an Optimol SRV-IV oscillating reciprocating friction and wear tester and an MRS-1J (G) four-ball tester at room and high temperatures. The friction test results showed that the ILs, as 1 wt% additives in polyurea grease for steel/steel contacts, had better friction reduction and anti-wear properties at high temperature than at room temperature, and ILs can significantly improve the friction reduction and anti-wear properties of polyurea grease compared with base grease containing 1 wt% of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (T204). The excellent tribological properties are attributed to the formation of a surface protective film composed of FeF₂, nitrides, and compound containing the P–O bonding on the lubricated metal surface by a tribochemical reaction. The ordered adsorbed films and good miscibility of ILs with the base grease also contributed to the excellent tribological properties. Wear mechanisms and worn steel surfaces were studied by a PHI-5702 multifunctional X-ray photoelectron spectrometer and a JSM-5600LV scanning electron microscope.     

汽车水泵轴承润滑脂的选用

在对国产汽车水泵轴承用脂调研的基础上，选用3类典型轴承用润滑脂进行高温耐久性寿命、抗水能力、防锈性及与尼龙材料相容等性能的评价试验和分析，考察了汽车水泵轴承用润滑脂选择的基本要求、相关技术指标及试验方法。对比分析认为，聚脲脂是一种效果理想的可作为汽车水泵轴承用的润滑脂品种。     

改性复合磺酸钙基润滑脂的研究

高碱值复合磺酸钙基润滑脂综合性能优异,被称为全新理念的润滑脂,但容易产生硬化问题。对复合磺酸钙基润滑脂进行了改性处理,并且对其硬化机制作了初步分析。结果表明:改性后的复合磺酸钙基润滑脂综合了复合锂基脂、聚脲基脂和复合磺酸钙基脂的性能优势,不仅解决了硬化问题,且该润滑脂具有特殊的纤维结构,从而赋予其极高的滴点、良好的高温极压润滑性能和低的摩擦因数。     

降低脲基润滑脂工作噪声的研究

从基础油、稠化剂的配方比和后处理工艺3个方面分析了影响脲基润滑脂工作噪声的因素。结果表明:低粘度的环烷基矿物油作为基础油制备的润滑脂,具有良好的降噪声效果;脂肪胺和环烷胺为原料制备的脲基润滑脂具有较好的降噪声特性。通过实验证明,采用低粘度的环烷基矿物油作为基础油,采用TDI、脂肪胺、环烷胺作为稠化剂,通过控温慢冷和循环剪切方式,可以制得具有良好降噪声效果的二聚脲润滑脂。     

Low-Friction Characteristics of Nanostructured Surfaces on Silicon Carbide for Water-Lubricated Seals

This article reports a novel way of in situ formation of ionic liquids (ILs) that are used as lubricant additives for steel/steel contacts. The ILs can be generated simply in base oils by mixing small molecules of 2-oxazolidinone, triglyme, or tetraglyme with lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide in appropriate molar ratios at room temperature. The said ILs can be formed in polyether, polyester, and polyurea grease and show better solubility in these base oils than commonly used ILs such as 1-methyl-3-hexylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (L-P106). They can significantly improve the friction-reducing and antiwear properties of the base oils.     

陶瓷刀具低速切削时的有限元分析

采用有限元方法对梯度功能陶瓷刀具和普通陶瓷刀具的机械应力场进行了计算和分析 ,结果表明 :梯度功能陶瓷刀具和普通陶瓷刀具的机械应力基本相等 ,在低速切削时梯度功能陶瓷刀具的抗破损能力与普通陶瓷刀具相比并无太大优势     

Al2O3陶瓷材料的摩擦学研究进展

氧化铝陶瓷刀具材料具有硬度高、耐磨性好、高温性能优良、抗黏结和抗扩散能力强、化学稳定性好等特点,广泛应用于高速切削和切削难加工材料领域。从陶瓷材料晶粒尺寸与摩擦学性能相关性、复相氧化铝陶瓷材料的摩擦学性能和氧化铝陶瓷的磨损机制3个方面,综述氧化铝陶瓷材料摩擦学研究进展,以期为新型高品质氧化铝陶瓷刀具材料的开发提供帮助。细化晶粒和组分复合化是提高陶瓷材料的强度和断裂韧性,进而提升其摩擦学性能的有效途径,但目前氧化铝陶瓷摩擦学研究主要是基于晶粒尺寸为600 nm以上的单相陶瓷和基体晶粒尺寸为1μm左右的复相陶瓷材料,对纳米/超细晶(500 nm以下)氧化铝陶瓷材料的研究是未来的研究方向。     

计算机集成制造技术在陶瓷业的应用

陶瓷产品计算机集成制造技术对提高陶瓷企业的产品开发能力,制造能力、管理水平,以及改造传统产业均有重要的意义和作用。针对产品制造过程中的特点,建立了一种陶瓷产品计算机集成制造系统的体系结构,开发了陶瓷企业管理信息系统的集成技术、陶瓷产品的计算机辅助全过程设计的集成技术、陶瓷产品模具制造过程的数字化技术、陶瓷虚拟产品技术和陶瓷产品逆向工程技术等关键技术。并以重庆兆瓷有限公司为应用企业,实施了我国陶瓷行业第一个CIMS应用示范工程。     

陶瓷刀具切削加工时的磨损和润滑及其与加工对象的匹配研究

分析了陶瓷刀具发展及其应用过程存在的问题，综合评述了陶瓷刀具切削加工时的磨损和润滑的研究进展，提出了陶瓷刀具与加工对象存在合理的匹配问题。指出了在实际应用中，应根据所加工的工件材料选择合适的陶瓷刀具材料，并应根据陶瓷刀具组分中是否含有高温下易与工件发生扩散及化学作用的组分来确定合理切削用量。     

梯度功能陶瓷刀具的热应力分析

运用有限元法计算了梯度功能陶瓷刀具内的热应力,结果表明,在切削速度较低的情况下,梯度功能陶瓷刀具内的热应力与普通陶瓷刀具内的热应力相比差别不大;而在高速切削条件下,梯度功能陶瓷刀具内的热应力明显小于普通陶瓷刀具,说明梯度功能陶瓷刀具适应于高速切削。     

推动陶瓷刀具研究走上国际先进行列

介绍作者多年来在国家自然科学基金资助下研究陶瓷刀具切削加工基本理论及其应用,成功地研究开发了多种新型瓷刀具材料,开创了国内外融合陶瓷刀具材料和陶瓷切削学于一体的陶瓷刀具研究新体系。这些研究为推动我国瓷刀具研究走上国际先进行列有重要的意义。