行进工况下压实系统的非线性特性

针对振动压路机实际的行进压实工况,提出一种考虑压实物料滞回非线性的振动系统动力学模型,仿真分析系统的动力响应特性并通过现场的试验数据予以验证该模型方法提出的合理性.在此基础上,采用谐波线性化方法获得滞回模型的等效刚度和等效阻尼系数,并导出此类非线性模型系统的稳态响应解析解,同时讨论模型参数对整体动力学特性的变化规律影响.研究结果表明:行进工况下的压实系统体现出明显的刚度软化非线性特性,屈服局限发生点主要影响等效刚度的软化程度,等效阻尼体现系统的能量耗散主要受滞回环面积大小的影响,选择合适的激振频率可以避开固有共振点来提高行驶舒适性.     

带有滞回的接触系统非线性动力学特性分析

考虑到机床导轨结合部系统在实际接触振动过程中具有滞回模型的特点,建立了分析该类系统的数学模型,同时讨论了系统在改变激振力条件下的非线性动力响应问题,最后得出激振力在一定范围内变化的情况下,系统出现了周期运动、倍周期分岔、混沌等运动形式的转化和演变过程。     

考虑跳振现象的压实系统振动轮的滞回响应特性研究

振动压实下土壤滞回恢复力与位移呈现不对称滞回特性,考虑土壤密实度较高时振动轮易发生跳振现象,建立了基于土壤特性参数的不对称滞回模型,一次近似的前提下,利用谐波线性法将非线性作用力线性化为等效刚度和等效阻尼。通过数值仿真,对压实系统振动轮的非线性滞回特性进行了研究。结果表明:压实初期土壤处于弹塑性变形阶段,振动轮产生超谐波共振;压实中后期随着压实土壤的不断密实,振动轮产生亚谐波共振,标志着跳振的发生,一定条件下进入混沌状态;合理调整激振力和激振频率可以有效地抑制跳振,避免混沌运动。     

振动压实系统的非线性动力学分析

在周期载荷作用下由于振动摩擦作用,物料发生弹塑性变形,从而振动压实系统的弹性恢复力与位移呈现滞回特性。滞回圈的变化趋势反映了物料的变形过程及压实效果,系统的激振力、物料的刚度及阻尼的变化均对滞回圈产生直接或间接的影响;为了深入研究振动压实系统的非线性动力学问题,本文建立具有分段曲线的二自由度系统模型,采用数值方法求解该模型,同时利用仿真分析激振力等参数对滞回圈的影响,并且分析表明在特定参数下系统产生混沌现象。     

非线性Jeffcott转子-滚动轴承系统动力学分析

为了研究Jeffcott转子-滚动轴承系统的非线性动力特性,建立了其非线性动力学方程,并用自适应Runge-Kutta-Felhberg算法对其求解。利用分岔图、Poincaré映射图和频谱图,分析了参数、强迫联合激励的Jeffcott转子-滚动轴承系统的响应、分岔和混沌等非线性动力特性。结果表明,Jeffcott转子-滚动轴承系统有多种周期和混沌响应形式,其振动频率不仅有参数振动频率成分和强迫振动频率成分,而且有二者的倍频成分和组合频率成分;Jeffcott转子-滚动轴承系统的非线性特性随着径向游隙的增大而加剧。     

不对称滞回振动系统频率俘获情况下的同步现象

对具有不对称滞回性的自同步振动系统在频率俘获情况下的同步特性进行研究。建立不对称滞回模型和具有不对称滞回特性的自同步振动系统的非线性动力学模型,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真呈现频率俘获情况下的系统双激振电机的同步运行和系统的同步运行稳定特性。通过仿真分析系统可实现频率俘获现象以及在频率俘获情况下仍能实现同步特性。研究表明具有不对称滞回性的非线性振动系统仍能实现频率俘获情况下的双激振电机的同步运转和系统的同步稳定性。     

转子系统松动与碰摩耦合故障非线性特性研究

建立了带有支座松动故障的非线性刚度转子系统局部碰摩动力学模型 ,利用数值积分和 Poincaré映射方法 ,对转子系统由于支座松动与局部碰摩耦合故障导致的非线性动力学行为进行了数值仿真研究 ,给出了系统响应随转子转动频率和偏心量变化的分岔图和一些典型的 Poincaré截面图、相平面图、轴心轨迹和幅值谱图等 ,以及非线性刚度对系统响应的影响。从中发现此类非线性振动系统具有周期、倍周期和混沌等复杂的动力学行为     

变速器齿轮非线性振动机理研究及稳定性分析

针对变速器齿轮啮合传动啸叫现象进行了齿轮系统非线性振动响应机理及稳定性分析,建立单自由度轮齿间隙非线性动力学模型。采用理论仿真与数值分析相结合方法,利用MATLAB进行数值仿真求解。研究齿侧间隙、阻尼比及激励频率等参数对齿轮系统非线性振动啸叫机理及稳定性的影响规律。结果表明：随着侧隙的不断增大,系统趋向混沌且无周期性;阻尼的增加,系统从混沌状态趋于周期变化;激励频率的多段变化,系统穿插着周期解。通过对关键非线性因素的考虑可以最大程度地降低齿轮传递动力时产生的振动与噪声,找出最佳啮合状态,降低噪声,提高舒适性。     

滚动轴承支承下的不平衡转子系统非线性动力响应分析

建立了滚动轴承支承下的转子系统非线性动力学模型。在滚动轴承模型中,充分考虑了滚动轴承的间隙、滚动轴承的滚珠与滚道的非线性赫兹接触力及由滚动轴承支撑刚度变化而产生的VC(va-rying compliance)振动,在转子系统中考虑了由于转子质量偏心而产生的不平衡力。运用数值积分方法获取了系统的非线性动力响应,分析了转子旋转速度、滚动轴承间隙对系统动力响应的影响,并运用分叉图、相平面图、频谱图及Poincaré映射进行了系统分叉与混沌特征分析,发现了通往混沌的倍周期分叉、拟周期环面破裂和阵发性分叉途径。     

具有弹性辐板的并车齿轮传动系统动力学特性研究

针对双发动机驱动的弹性辐板并车齿轮传动系统的扭转振动问题,采用集中参数法建立了并车齿轮传动系统的非线性动力学模型,用增量谐波平衡法求解得到了系统的非线性动力学响应。分析了辐板刚度和阻尼对传动系统振动的影响。数值研究结果表明:在不同的辐板刚度条件下,并车传动系统会出现次谐波响应、拟周期响应以及混沌响应等典型的非线性振动特性;当辐板刚度达到109N/m时,系统动载系数激增到最大值1.35;辐板阻尼对动载系数的影响也是非线性的,但总体上随着阻尼比的增加,动载系数呈下降的趋势。     

非线性迟滞系统建模方法

针对一类迟滞非线性系统的动力学建模,提出了一种新的建模方法。该模型用高次非对称弹性力、粘性阻尼力及双折线记忆恢复力的机理构造,识别时应先采用分离算法识别各刚度和阻尼系数,再建立其与振幅和频率的函数关系。用所建模型重构的恢复力-位移迟滞回线表明:该模型能很好地描述这类非线性振动系统的特性,提出的建模及参数识别方法实用且有效。     

Effects of joint on dynamics of space deployable structure

Joints are necessary components in large space deployable truss structures which have significant effects on dynamic behavior of these joint dominated structures.Previous researches usually analyzed effects of one or fewer joint characters on dynamics of jointed structures.Effects of joint stiffness,damping,location,number,clearance and contact stiffness on dynamics of jointed structures are systematically analyzed.Cantilever beam model containing linear joints is developed based on finite element method,influence of joint on natural frequencies and mode shapes of the jointed system are analyzed.Analytical results show that frequencies of jointed system decrease dramatically when peak mode shapes occur at joint locations,and there are cusp shapes present in mode shapes.System frequencies increase with joint damping increasing,there are different joint damping to achieve maximum system damping for different joint stiffness.Joint nonlinear force-displacement is described by describing function method,one-DOF model containing nonlinear joints is established to analyze joints freeplay and hysteresis nonlinearities.Analysis results show that nonlinear effects of freeplay and hysteresis make dynamic responses switch from one resonance frequency to another frequency when amplitude exceed demarcation values.Joint contact stiffness determine degree of system nonlinearity,while exciting force level,clearance and slipping force affect amplitude of dynamic response.Dynamic responses of joint dominated deployable truss structure under different sinusoidal exciting force levels are tested.The test results show obvious nonlinear behaviors contributed by joints,dynamic response shifts to lower frequency and higher amplitude as exciting force increasing.The test results are further compared with analytical results,and joint nonlinearity tested is coincident with hysteresis nonlinearity.Analysis method of joint effects on dynamic characteristics of jointed system is proposed,which can be used in optimal design of joint parameters     

A nonlinear analytical model for the squeeze-film dynamics of parallel plates subjected to axial flow

In this paper, we develop a theoretical model to predict the nonlinear fluid-structure interaction forces and the dynamics of parallel vibrating plates subjected to an axial gap flow. The gap is assumed small, when compared to the plate dimensions, the plate width being much larger than the length, so that the simplifying assumptions of 1D bulk-flow models are adequate. We thus develop a simplified theoretical squeeze-film formulation, which includes both the distributed and singular dissipative flow terms. This model is suitable for performing effective time-domain numerical simulations of vibrating systems which are coupled by the nonlinear unsteady flow forces, for instance the vibro-impact dynamics of plates with fluid gap interfaces. A linearized version of the flow model is also presented and discussed, which is appropriate for studying the complex modes and linear stability of flow/structure coupled systems as a function of the average axial gap velocity. Two applications of our formulation are presented: (1) first we study how an axial flow modifies the rigid-body motion of immersed plates falling under gravity; (2) then we compute the dynamical behavior of an immersed oscillating plate as a function of the axial gap flow velocity. Linear stability plots of oscillating plates are shown, as a function of the average fluid gap and of the axial flow velocity, for various scenarios of the loss terms. These results highlight the conditions leading to either the divergence or flutter instabilities. Numerical simulations of the nonlinear flow/structure dynamical responses are also presented, for both stable and unstable regimes. This work is of interest to a large body of real-life problems, for instance the dynamics of nuclear spent fuel racks immersed in a pool when subjected to seismic excitations, or the self-excited vibro-impact motions of valve-like components under axial flows.     

Dynamic response analysis of block foundations with nonlinear dry friction mounting system to impact loads

It is essential to establish a dynamic model to predict and evaluate the dynamic performance of a nonlinear dry friction mounting system during design procedure, when it is impossible to carry out the test of prototype. Unlike the conventional ideal dry friction model where the direction of dry friction force is always considered to be opposite to that of relative velocity, a new equivalent resistance model of dry friction force is proposed based on the bilinear hysteretic model by introducing a parameterg γ in this work. The equivalent resistance contains spring force and damping force, whose direction is not opposite to that of relative velocity. Then, a dynamic model of the block foundation with nonlinear dry friction mounting system is established. When the equivalent resistance is applied to the dynamic model, its dynamic responses are obtained under common practical forms of press loads: rectangular pulse, half-sine pulse, and triangular pulse. Compared to experimental results, the dynamic responses based on the equivalent resistance model are more consistent with the simulation results based on the ideal dry friction model and the validity of the equivalent resistance model for the bilinear hysteretic model in this work is verified. Furthermore, the effect of the pulse shape and pulse duration on the dynamic responses of the block foundation with nonlinear dry friction mounting system is investigated.     

Duffing oscillation and jump resonance: Spectral hysteresis and input-dependent resonance shift

The purpose of this paper is to present experimental results for jump resonance observed in a vibrating cantilever beam of a macro-scale atomic force microscope (AFM), and to connect these results with the well-known Duffing nonlinear oscillator dynamics. The paper gives a review of the theoretical analyses of such behaviors, as well as detailed experimental results for nonlinear frequency-domain jump resonance in the vibrating AFM probe. The experimental results clearly show the model-predicted input-dependent resonant frequency shift. A real-time simulation model of the experimental system is also presented as a useful tool to understand the nonlinear dynamic structure, as an aid in identifying the Duffing equation parameters, and allow simulation studies of ideas such as controlling the nonlinear system behavior. We also present a feedback linearization algorithm to compensate for the cubic stiffness internal to the Duffing nonlinear oscillator. The simple experimental system described herein can be easily and inexpensively constructed to allow students and researchers to conduct their own experiments with such nonlinear dynamics.     

近代机械非线性动力学与优化设计技术的若干问题

简述了混沌学(近代非线性动力学)的形成和发展及其对应用科学和工程科学发展的重要意义.依据混沌理论的发展史介绍了确定性动力系统中的不规则振动(现代科学中最伟大的发现之一)以及周期和拟周期振动,同时也涉及到了作为非线性科学的重要组成部分的分岔理论和奇异性理论.列举了装备制造、能源工业、交通运输、建筑工业以及航空航天等工程技术领域中存在的大量非线性问题.简要叙述了在大型旋转机械和振动机械的非线性动力学研究方面的成果,包括大型旋转机械非线性转子系统的失稳机理、分岔解与混沌运动、故障诊断及其综合治理技术;大型共振筛的非线性振动及其动力学设计方法等.希望能促进我国机械非线性动力学的更大发展,为我国装备制造业的自主创新提供理论支撑.     

指尖密封迟滞特性的当量优化研究

从指尖密封装置的工作原理出发,将指尖密封迟滞性能优化问题转化为一个能够进行数学处理的简单当量模型的优化问题.通过建立当量模型中各等效参数和实际指尖密封结构参数之间的映射关系,构建了指尖密封迟滞性能优化的质量-弹簧-阻尼当量模型.以此当量模型为研究对象,实现了以指尖密封迟滞率最小为优化目标进行指尖密封结构参数的优化计算,解决了指尖密封装置迟滞性能优化的不可控问题.有限元仿真计算实例支持了这一当量优化模型.所提出的分析方法为指尖密封性能的进一步优化设计提供了一定理论参考依据.     

一类迟滞非线性振动系统建模新方法

用理论和试验相结合的手段研究一类迟滞非线性振动系统的动力建模, 提出一种新的建模方法, 用此方法建立非线性模型用来描述这类系统的动态特性。该模型用非线性刚度和非线性阻尼机理构造, 刚度和阻尼机理由理论和试验推出, 模型中的参数由试验数据辨识。用所建模型重构恢复力——位移迟滞环, 结果表明, 该模型能很好描述这类非线性振动系统的特性, 模型中各参数的重要性得到展示, 提出的建模方法实用且有效。     

基于位移加载控制的金属橡胶弹性元件试验建模研究

基于电液材料试验机精确的位移加载控制,对圆环形金属橡胶弹性元件进行了动态力学试验,结果表明,金属橡胶材料具有明显的迟滞非线性性质,其阻尼由多种成分组成。根据动态试验结果建立迟滞回线拟和分解的高次弹性复合阻尼模型,该模型用非线性刚度和非线性复合阻尼机理构造,模型中的参数由试验数据辨识。用所建模型重构恢复力一位移迟滞回线．结果表明,该模型能很好描述这类非线性振动系统的特性,为进一步理论分析提供了依据。     

金属橡胶-硅橡胶叠层复合材料阻尼器动态性能试验与建模

通过对金属橡胶-硅橡胶叠层复合材料阻尼器的动力学特性进行试验和理论研究,发现金属橡胶-硅橡胶叠层复合阻尼材料具有明显的非线性迟滞特征,迟滞回线并非椭圆,含有多种阻尼成分.在此基础上,用理论和试验相结合的手段研究金属橡胶-硅橡胶叠层复合材料阻尼器的动力学建模,提出各恢复力成分、物理意义明确的非对称弹性粘性阻尼双折线迟滞恢复力模型.模型中的参数由试验数据辨识,用所建模型重构恢复力-位移迟滞回线,结果表明该模型能很好描述这类非线性振动系统的特性.