共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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研究了旋转机械故障诊断中转子截面相互垂直两个同频信号的相位差信息,揭示了相互垂直两个信号的不同相位差对应不同的合成运动轨迹图形,推导出全矢谱分析理论中初相位的角度大小,并由初相位绘制出双截面、多截面转子的空间振形,最后通过实例将全矢谱理论结合转子空间振形和初始相位差信息应用到旋转机械不平衡故障分类中。结果表明:由初相位绘制的空间振形图可以有效地区分旋转机械不平衡故障中发生的具体形式,提高了故障诊断的准确性。 相似文献
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分析了旋转机械状态监测与故障诊断研究的重要意义。提出了一种由状态监测与故障诊断理论和方法、状态监测与故障诊断关键技术、状态监测与故障诊断系统、状态监测与故障诊断工程应用四个方面相互支撑的旋转机械状态监测与诊断研究的体系架构,给出了一个超超临界汽轮发电机组状态监测与故障诊断系统研究的实例。分别综述了大型旋转机械状态监测与故障诊断的理论和方法、关键技术、应用系统研究及其工程应用的进展,提出了对于旋转机械状态监测与诊断研究的思考与建议。 相似文献
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基于小波分析和支持向量机的旋转机械故障诊断方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了一种基于小波分析和支持向量机相结合的旋转机械故障诊断方法.首先运用小波包对振动信号进行分解和重构,然后提取各个频带里的信号能量值,将该能量值作为特征参数输入到支持向量机,进行故障模式识别.通过对实验数据的分析表明,与BP神经网络相比,该方法可以获得更高的旋转机械故障诊断准确率. 相似文献
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谢志勇 《仪表技术与传感器》2011,(3)
为了满足旋转机械在线故障诊断的需要,设计了基于DSP和BP神经网络的在线故障诊断系统,采用DSP芯片TMS320F2812作为主控芯片,开发了具有振动信号采集、转速测量、输入输出的硬件系统.针对旋转机械的常见故障,开发了基于DSP的频谱分析软件,并将BP神经网络嵌入DSP中实时运行以实现旋转机械的自动故障诊断.文中使用该系统对旋转机械的转子不平衡、不对中,轴承外圈损坏、断齿、轴承座松动5种故障进行了实测,结果表明它能正确地识别出故障的类型.使用该系统进行旋转机械在线故障诊断可以提高生产效率,保证设备的长时间稳定运行. 相似文献
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《Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing》2007,21(2):930-942
Roller bearing is one of the most widely used rotary elements in a rotary machine. The roller bearing's nature of vibration reveals its condition and the features that show the nature, are to be extracted through some indirect means. Statistical parameters like kurtosis, standard deviation, maximum value, etc. form a set of features, which are widely used in fault diagnostics. Often the problem is, finding out good features that discriminate the different fault conditions of the bearing. Selection of good features is an important phase in pattern recognition and requires detailed domain knowledge. This paper illustrates the use of a Decision Tree that identifies the best features from a given set of samples for the purpose of classification. It uses Proximal Support Vector Machine (PSVM), which has the capability to efficiently classify the faults using statistical features. The vibration signal from a piezoelectric transducer is captured for the following conditions: good bearing, bearing with inner race fault, bearing with outer race fault, and inner and outer race fault. The statistical features are extracted therefrom and classified successfully using PSVM and SVM. The results of PSVM and SVM are compared. 相似文献
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基于柔性形态滤波和支持矢量机的滚动轴承故障诊断方法 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
针对滚动轴承故障振动信号的强噪声背景以及现实中不易获取大量典型故障样本的特点,提出一种基于柔性形态滤波和支持矢量机(Support vector machine,SVM)的滚动轴承故障诊断方法.柔性形态滤波既可以有效地提取出信号的边缘轮廓和信号的形状特征,同时又具有稳健性;SVM具有良好的分类性能,特别在小样本、非线性及高维特征空间中具有较好的推广能力;SVM分类器的惩罚因子和核函数参数采用经典粒子群优化算法进行优化,避免传统方法对初始点和样本的依赖.首先对振动信号进行柔性形态滤波,然后提取滤波后信号的故障特征频率的归一化能量为特征矢量作为SVM分类器的输入参数,用于区分滚动轴承的外圈、内圈和滚动体故障,SVM分类器的参数采用标准粒子群优化算法进行优化.试验结果表明了方法的有效性. 相似文献
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由于发电机组各部件的运动存在明显的周期性,当发电机组发生故障时,机组振动信号具有循环平稳特性,这种非平稳性随故障的变化而变化。因此,提出利用循环平稳度监测分析发电机组的故障趋势。循环平稳度是利用三阶循环累积量构造并利用二元决策方法估计三阶循环矩。它能抑制噪声与工况干扰,反映机组的故障状态。实例分析表明,将其作为发电机组故障特征量,提取故障的发展趋势,效果好于传统的通频值和烈度值趋势分析。 相似文献
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针对轴向柱塞泵结构复杂、故障信号微弱且易受噪声干扰难以进行故障模式识别的问题,提出一种基于局部s变换和极限学习机的柱塞泵故障诊断方法,对不同程度滑靴磨损故障进行诊断。采集柱塞泵在正常和不同故障状态下的振动信号进行局部s变换,对不同的特征向量组进行定性和定量比较,选择提取s矩阵最大奇异值、转轴振动基频能量占比和柱塞振动基频能量占比共三维特征向量,将特征向量输入极限学习机完成故障模式的识别,识别精度可达99%以上。最后将极限学习机与支撑向量机分类结果进行对比,证明所提故障诊断方法可以用较少的特征向量获得较高的诊断精度。 相似文献
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Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings timely and accurately are very important to ensure the reliability of rotating machinery. This paper presents a novel pattern classification approach for bearings diagnostics, which combines the higher order spectra analysis features and support vector machine classifier. The use of non-linear features motivated by the higher order spectra has been reported to be a promising approach to analyze the non-linear and non-Gaussian characteristics of the mechanical vibration signals. The vibration bi-spectrum (third order spectrum) patterns are extracted as the feature vectors presenting different bearing faults. The extracted bi-spectrum features are subjected to principal component analysis for dimensionality reduction. These principal components were fed to support vector machine to distinguish four kinds of bearing faults covering different levels of severity for each fault type, which were measured in the experimental test bench running under different working conditions. In order to find the optimal parameters for the multi-class support vector machine model, a grid-search method in combination with 10-fold cross-validation has been used. Based on the correct classification of bearing patterns in the test set, in each fold the performance measures are computed. The average of these performance measures is computed to report the overall performance of the support vector machine classifier. In addition, in fault detection problems, the performance of a detection algorithm usually depends on the trade-off between robustness and sensitivity. The sensitivity and robustness of the proposed method are explored by running a series of experiments. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve made the results more convincing. The results indicated that the proposed method can reliably identify different fault patterns of rolling element bearings based on vibration signals. 相似文献