Na2O-B2O3-Ta2O5系统玻璃红外光谱的研究

本文首次系统地研究了Na₂O—B₂O₃—Ta₂O₅。三元新系统的红外光谱,分析了B₂O₃、Ta₂O₅含量的变化对玻璃结构的影响。结果表明:随着Na₂O/B₂O₃比值的减小,结构中:[BO₄]四面体减小,[BO₃]三角体增加。随着Ta₂O₅含量的增加,[BO₄]四面体的数量增多,非桥氧的数量减少,表明Ta⁵⁺可以连结非桥氧,形成网络。     

Ta2O5对B2O3-La2O3-CaO系统玻璃生成范围的影响

本文研究了在B₂O₃—La₂O—CaO三元系统中,当Ta₂0₅的含量分别为5、10、15、20wt%时,该系统的玻璃生成范围.结果表明,随着Ta₂O₅含量的增加,系统的玻璃生成范围向贫B₂O₃,富La₂O₃边界扩充.当Ta₂O₅的含量为10wt%时,玻璃的生成区域最大.通过差热分析确定了玻璃析晶温度,并用X射线衍射进行了物相鉴定.结果表明,随Ta₂O₅取代La₂₃其主结晶相的放热峰或吸热峰的位置变化不同,所析出的结晶物质亦不同.     

Nb2O5-B2O3-K2O系统玻璃的结构与性质

本工作用大功率转靶 X 射线衍射仪研究铌硼酸盐玻璃结构;根据 B·E·War-ren 方程,建立了一种计算玻璃原子径向分布函数(RDF)的解析方法。因其涉及因素少,计算简便,适用于多元系统玻璃结构分析。应用本方法,已获得了 Nb-B-K 系统玻璃的比较完整的三维结构模型。模型表明,这种玻璃结构松散,克分子体积比较大,并具有较高的自激发极化率。于是铌硼酸盐玻璃的低密度、低折射率和相对高的色散,以及较高的电导率等特殊性质的结构因素得到了证实。     

基 于 模糊PID控制 的半导体激 光器温度 控制系统设计

为实现某半导体激光器特殊应用场合对使用温度的要求,采用DSP数字信号处理芯片配合温度传感器铂热电阻Pt100和陶瓷加热片等设计了一个半导体温度控制系统。介绍了系统的硬件电路、软件控制流程模糊PID控制算法原理,建立了系统的数学模型,并利用MATLAB中的Simulink仿真环境对系统进行了仿真。最后搭建了系统测试平台,验证了系统的可靠性。     

Al2O3/(Ag72Cu28)97Ti3/Ti-6Al-4V界面反应

在1.8 ks、1 073～1 173 K条件下对Al2O3/(Ag72Cu28)97Ti3/Ti-6Al-4V进行了钎焊试验.通过扫描电镜、波谱、能谱和X射线衍射对界面反应产物进行了测试,确定了界面结构,并讨论了这些反应产物形成的可能性.结果表明,温度小于1 123 K的界面结构为Al2O3/Cu2Ti4O/Cu4Ti3+Cu固溶体/Ag-Cu共晶 + 富Ag相;温度1 173 K的界面结构为Al2O3/Cu3TiO5 + CuAl2O4/Cu4Ti3/富Ag相+ Cu4Ti3.     

SiO2-BaO-La2O3-RmOn系统玻璃的光吸收

本文系统地研究了,SiO₂-BaO-La₂O₃-R_mO_n系统玻璃的光吸收。通过选用不同硅硼比值及引入适宜的Nb₂O₅含量获得了紫外区透过率好,抗析晶性能好的玻璃。     

Al2O3/Cu-Ti-Zr/Nb钎焊研究

使用Cu-Ti-Zr钎料对Al2O3/Nb进行了钎焊试验。通过扫描电镜、能谱、X射线衍射分析了界面形貌、元素分布,并对反应相进行了判定。Cu70Ti25Zr5钎料在1293K、10min条件下界面产生了3种新相Cu2Ti4O、Ti固溶体、CuTi,界面结构为Al2O3/Cu2Ti4O/Ti固溶体/CuTi/Cu固溶体+CuTi。采用拉剪试验评定了强度,结果证实1293K、10min,使用Cu70Ti25Zr5钎料的接头强度最高达到162MPa,增加或减少Ti的质量分数以及改变保温时间都会使接头抗剪强度下降。     

Nb2O5-B2O3-K2O三元系统玻璃分相与电导的跃变

本文报导了Nb₂O₅-B₂O₃-K₂O三元系统玻璃分相导致的电导突跃现象。从“界面效应”出发,阐明了这一现象的实质,并进一步说明了同成份物质的非晶态比晶态有较高电导的可能原因。     

B2O3—La2O3—BaO—Nb2O5系统的玻璃生成范围及其性质

本文研究了在B₂O₃-La₂O₃-BaO-Nb₂O₅四元系统中当B₂O₃含量分别为25、30、35wt%时,该系统的玻璃生成范围和它们的光性、密度等变化规律。结果表明,随着B₂O₃含量的增加,系统的玻璃生成范围向贫Nb₂O₅边界扩充,富Nb₂O₅边表现收缩。工作中得出了该系统分别以SiO₂代B₂O₃、Al₂O₃代BaO后的析晶、折射率、色散及密度等性质的变化规律。最后应用该系统研制定型了713/538玻璃。     

Electron and light microscopy studies on the domain structures of Zn3B7O13Cl, Zn3B7O13Br and Zn3B7O13I ferroic boracites

The domain structures of Zn₃B₇O₁₃Cl, Zn₃B₇O₁₃Br and Zn₃B₇O₁₃I boracite single crystals were studied by means of polarized light in conjunction with electron microscopy. Single crystals of the three compositions were grown by chemical transport reactions in closed quartz ampoules, at a temperature of 900 °C and were examined by polarizing optical microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For both PLM and SEM, the same as‐grown samples were used without having to resort to metallization of the crystal faces. For TEM the single crystals were crushed and mounted on holey carbon films. Comparative electron microscope images were useful for revealing the domain structure of these ferroelectric/ferroelastic materials previously observed between the crossed polars of an optical microscope. X‐ray diffraction analysis of the pulverized crystals was performed for this triad of halogen boracites containing zinc as a common metal.     

永磁同步电机积分滑模观测器控制

对永磁同步电机观测器控制进行研究,针对传统滑模观测器存在控制精度低、系统抖振较大的不足,设计了一种永磁同步电机积分滑模观测器控制。积分滑模控制具有控制精度高、系统抖振小的特点。积分滑模观测器可以有效提高电机控制精度,增强控制系统抗干扰能力。采用饱和函数代替符号函数进行滑模控制律设计,降低控制系统固有抖振,使滑模控制动态性能提高。通过仿真验证了积分滑模观测器控制策略的可行性。     

Characterization of cast Al86Mn3Be11 alloy

An Al₈₆Mn₃Be₁₁ alloy cast into copper mould was subjected to metallographic investigation. The as-cast microstructure consisted of a quasicrystalline icosahedral phase (i-phase), Be₄AlMn phase and, occasionally, a hexagonal phase. Al-rich solid solution represented the dominant phase. The chemical compositions of phases were determined using AES. The composition of the Be₄AlMn slightly deviated from the stoichiometric composition, whereas the composition of the i-phase was approximately Al₅₂Mn₁₈Be₃₀, containing an appreciable amount of Be. The average composition of the hexagonal phase was Al₆₆Mn₂₁Be₁₃. Deep etching and particle extraction provided a deep insight into the three-dimensional morphology of the i-phase and the hexagonal phase, whereas Be₄AlMn was slightly attacked by the etchant. The i-phase was present predominantly in the form of dendrites and a rodlike eutectic phase. The hexagonal phase was primarily in the form of hexagonal platelets, whereas Be₄AlMn was rather irregular in shape. The morphology of the i-phase can be explained by predominant growth in 3-fold directions and the lowest energy of the 5-fold planes, leading to the faceting and adopting a pentagonal dodecahedron shape. The brightnesses of phases in the backscattered electron images were rationalized by determining their backscattering coefficients. TEM investigation showed considerable phason strain in the i-phase, and the polycrystalline nature of the Be₄AlMn phase.     

Tribological performance of MoS2---B2O3 compacts

A recent investigation suggests that selected oxides perform well as additives in molybdenum disulphide (MoS₂) because of their ability to soften at asperity contacts with the result that the solid lubricant can attain and retain a preferred tribological orientation.This research determined the effectiveness of boric oxide (B₂O₃), when used as an additive in MoS₂, for substrate temperatures ranging from 21°C to 316°C. This range was used to allow the asperity contact temperature to vary below and above the softening point of B₂O₃. It was found that a moderate friction coefficient and high wear, which is attributed to the additive acting abrasively, occurred when the asperity contact temperature was well below the softening point of the oxide. When the asperity contact temperature neared the softening point of the oxide, the friction coefficient increased dramatically and wear volume was reduced. It is postulated that B₂O₃ acted adhesively at the interface resulting in a higher coefficient of friction, and wear decreased due to an attainment of a preferred orientation by the MoS₂. For asperity contact temperatures significantly above the softening point of B₂O₃, the friction coefficient returned to about the same value as for temperatures below the softening point. It is speculated that wear continued to increase moderately because of localized melting of the B₂O₃, permitting the MoS₂ to be removed from the interface. These observations support a hypothesis that an additive, such as boric oxide, can soften as the asperity contact temperature approaches the softening point temperature of the additive so that the overall tribological conditions may be improved resulting in reduced interfacial wear. Significant changes in temperature, load or sliding velocity would, of course, dramatically alter the wear characteristics observed at the interface.     

Al2O3-TiB2-ZrO2三元复合陶瓷刀具的性能研究

对Al