基于MSP430单片机的某大型机电设备智能测试仪器

为了实现对某大型机电设备的多路模拟量信号和开关量信号的自动测试，设计了基于MSP430F149单片机的智能测试仪器。从硬件和软件两方面，介绍了信号调理．数据处理、测试结果的显示和通信以及仪器的低功耗和抗干扰的设计及实现方法。该仪器大大缩短了测试时间，并能方便地对传统仪器不便测试的开关量信号进行测试。     

基于LabVIEW控制的泰克TDS-200示波器信号采集

本文设计了以PC机和PCI-6221数据采集卡为主要硬件。以LabVIEW为软件开发平台设计虚拟仪器系统。该系统能够实现对采集数字信号的时域分析和频域分析,并能够对采集信号进行各种滤波处理。     

应力波时间仪的研制及其应用

本文阐述了用加速度传感器将应力波能量转换成电信号,放置两个在被检测材料的两端,一个作为“开门”端,一个作为“关门”端。应力波经过两端所用时间可用微秒时间间隔测量单元测得。从而可以得到应力波的传播速率。本文给出了信号放大、信号变换及门信号产生、时间间隔测量电路的设计原理和过程。     

外同步式时间延迟积分CCD传感器模拟装置

由于时间延迟积分(TDI) CCD传感器在调试阶段易损坏,本文提出了一种基于外同步信号驱动原理的TDI CCD传感器模拟装置.该模拟装置实际尺寸可以达到长100 mm,宽45 mm,与实际TDI CCD传感器的物理尺寸相当,可根据实际光照度大小精确地模拟TDI CCD传感器像元感光程度.该装置可以模拟TDI CCD传感器输入引脚的阻容特性并能合成完整的TDI CCD视频输出信号,实现TDI CCD传感器的16、32、48或64级积分级数控制的功能.该装置还可以模拟CCD驱动信号和输出视频信号的温度延时特性,延时时间在0.5～12.5 ns间可调,从而方便了信号采样电路对采样时刻的调试.     

A STUDY ON A MULTI-ORDER SEMI-DIFFERENTIAL OSCILLOGRAPHIC CHRONOPOTENTIOMETRIC INSTRUMENT

ABSTRACT

By applying a convolution technique to the processing of oscillographic chronopotentiometric signals, a new electroanalytical method, multi-order semidifferential oscillographic chronopotentiometry, is presented, and a correlative instrument has been designed. The instrument can generate alternating current with sine, triangle, and square waveforms from an internal signal source, and also can be inputted other kinds of alternating current from an outside signal source. It has the capability of potential drop compensation and electrode (normal or micro working electrode) cleanup. By using the instrument, not only dE/dt-t, Y²-t, Y³-t, Y^0.5-t, Y^1.5-t, Y^2.5-t, and Y^3.5-t signals, but also the oscillographic signals synthesized by the aforementioned signals with E-t signal can be obtained.     

基于Web的网络化频谱分析仪

介绍了网络化虚拟仪器的基本概念，分析了网络化虚拟仪器的结构，提出一套基于．net框架下的Web网络化频谱分析仪的解决方案：采用．net组件技术构造用户界面组件、数据服务组件、信号分析组件、数据库连接组件和数据采集组件，根据需要部署到合适的位置，实现远程测试分析。用户可以在远程登录Web服务器，用户界面组件和信号分析组件自动下载到客户端并嵌入浏览器运行，在浏览器中可以进行信号的时域和频域分析。将数据库技术引入网络化虚拟仪器中，实现对信号的存取管理功能。利用网络化频谱分析仪对偏心电动机的振动信号进行了网络测试分析。     

多通道多参数电测量仪表的自动检定系统

针对现有电测量仪表检定系统自动化程度不高、检定效率低的缺陷,提出一种基于多功能过程校验的仪表自动检定系统。该系统由配置多串口卡的PC、过程校验仪、PLC和条码扫描枪组成,能自动产生高精度标准信号,自动获取待检定仪表测量值和标准信号值,自动记录、处理检定结果,从而实现电测量仪表的全自动检定。     

基于SR7265硬件的虚拟锁相放大器、频谱仪、阻抗计和半导体参数分析仪

锁相放大器是用来测量微弱信号的专用仪器.即使噪音上千倍于被测信号,通过锁相放大器,也能得到精确结果.随着数字信号处理技术在仪器中的应用,可编程仪器变得越来越灵活.结合虚拟仪器的技术,论文通过对SR7265的硬件重新编程,在同一个硬件上实现了虚拟锁相放大器、虚拟频谱仪、虚拟阻抗计和虚拟半导体参数分析仪等等功能.本虚拟仪器采用了4层的逻辑结构.同样的功能也在一个FPGA板上成功地部署.     

一款实用的过程量仪表测试用信号源

介绍一种实用的过程量仪表测试用信号源,它包括调试过程量仪表常用的基本信号,如电压信号-10V～10V和恒流信号0～20mA.文中详细给出了电路原理图,基本公式的导出及制作方法.     

A microwave radiometer for deep noninvasive diagnostics of thermal fields inside a biological object

A microwave radiometer for a wavelength of 10.5 cm with a frequency band of received signals of 200 MHz is described. It allows one to perform remote noninvasive temperature measurements deep in a biological object. The use of a modified null–reception method as the basis of the instrument operation made it possible to reduce the influence of the reflectance at the location of the contact between an applicator antenna and a body on the measurement accuracy and increase the dynamic characteristics during mapping of a biological object. At a storage signal time of 1 s, the measurement accuracy was 0.047 K. The output–signal changes were within 0.1 K when the reflectance was varied from 0.1 to 0.5.     

Photoacoustic detection of CO2 based on LABVIEW at 10.303 μm

A detailed study on a photoacoustic carbon dioxide detection system, through sound card based on virtual instrument, is presented in this paper. In this system, the CO(2) concentration was measured with the non-resonant photoacoustic cell technique through measuring the photoacoustic signal caused by the CO(2). In order to obtain small photoacoustic signals buried in noise, a measurement software was designed with LABVIEW. It has functions of Lock-in Amplifier, digital filter, and signal generator; can also be used to achieve spectrum analysis and signal recovery; has been provided with powerful function for data processing and communication with other measuring instrument. The test results show that the entire system has an outstanding measuring performance with the sensitivity of 10 μv between 10-44 KHz. The non-resonance test of the trace gas analyte CO(2) conducted at 100 Hz demonstrated large signals (15.89 mV) for CO(2) concentrations at 600 ppm and high signal-to-noise values (～85:1).     

BCEIA 2005金奖产品金属原位分析仪的研制

本仪器以单次火花放电理论及信号分辨提取技术为基础,自主开发了单次火花放电光谱高速采集技术、单次火花放电光谱数字解析技术、无预燃连续激发同步扫描定位技术.并据此获得数以百万计与材料原位置相对应的各元素原始含量及状态信息.建立了统计偏析度、统计均匀度、统计致密度和夹杂物定量分析数学模型.首次采用统计解析的方法定量表征材料的偏析度、疏松度、夹杂物分布等指标.开创了金属原位统计分布分析新理论、新方法、新技术.并研制成功世界首台金属原位分析仪,实现了金属材料较大尺度范围内各组分的位置分布、状态分布及定量分布的准确信息（即对材料的化学成分、元素分布、偏析度、疏松度以及夹杂物分布的快速准确测定）.具有原始性、原位性及统计性的特点,可作为冶金工艺材料研究及质量判据.     

基于虚拟仪器技术和互相关原理的流体流速测量仪

本文采用虚拟仪器技术和互相关原理相结合．研制了流体流速测量仪。该方法利用待测两路信号的通道中信号与信号的相关性．信号与噪声之间．噪声与噪声之间不存在相关性．通过求两通道中信号与信号的互相关系数．得到两个信号的时延．从而得到流场的速度值。并对该流速测量仪进行了理论分析，全面阐述了基于虚拟仪器技术和互相关原理流体流速测量仪的实现过程。给出了对应硬件和基于LabVIEW编写的核心程序，并对结果误差进行了分析。     

BHP9504型发光分析仪的工作原理与应用

化学发光免疫检测是一种新型的免疫分析方法，BHP9504型发光分析仪就是专门为之而设计的仪器。它采用光子计数技术的高精度、高稳定性的光信号检测方法。光信号检测是属于发出光并在暗背景检测强光信号。从而提高了实验灵敏度，拓宽了应用范围。减少了标本用量。该仪器可检测8大类50个检验项目。     

基于虚拟仪器的植物电位信号测量系统的设计

采用U12数据采集卡和微弱信号放大器、以LABVIEW为软件开发平台,设计了植物电信号采集虚拟仪器试验系统,利用该试验系统可以对植物电位信号进行数据采集,初步建立了“植物-电信号获取-电信号的调理-计算机信息数据处理-数据波形显示-数据分析”系统.     

Wavelet-based deconvolution

A fast computational algorithm for deconvolution of signals in the form of peaks with exponentially falling fronts in the presence of noise is proposed. The filter bank coefficients are constructed on the basis of new wavelets called quasi-wavelets, which are derived from the instrument’s pulse response (instrument function) or similar functions defined analytically. A regularization procedure is offered based on selecting the sampling interval of the observed signal and the smoothing parameter of the restoring filter. This method ensures separation of completely overlapping peaks (without any noticeable saddle between them). The systematic error of restoration with an exactly known instrument function is a few tenths of a percent at three-to fourfold noise suppression.     

Analysis on acoustic signal characteristics of the fatigue cracks in anchor structure of cable-stayed bridge tower

The full size model fatigue test on the anchor structure of cable-stayed bridge tower was engaged in laboratory. The acoustic emission instrument was used to monitor the fatigue cracks continuously in the fillet of the anchorage, to investigate the acoustic signal characteristics. Through different ways of loading, the periodic variation of acoustic signals, and crack propagation parameters of the acoustic signals are obtained. By continuously monitoring of the acoustic signal of the fatigue cracks, it can be possible to find the location of the fatigue cracks, and the time it generates. According the active changes of the acoustic signals of the fatigue crack via continuous monitoring, the propagation tendency of the crack in the anchor structure of the cable-stayed bridge tower can be predicted. This method provides support for the crack detection and on-line real-time monitoring by acoustic emission.     

一种轻小型四极杆质谱仪射频电源的研制

四极杆结构是四极杆质谱仪的核心结构，由射频电源分别施加两组高压高频信号进行驱动，利用电场的变化和输入离子的质荷比差异对离子进行筛选。针对四极杆质谱仪小型化的研制需求，以信号调制模块、放大模块、反馈电路和直流模块为基本构型，设计了一种应用于轻小型四极杆质谱仪的射频驱动电源。经实际测试，该电源可以在谐振频率1.33 MHz、扫描频率10 Hz的输入条件下，输出峰 峰值电压最高可达3.33 kV的调幅射频高压信号并驱动四极杆结构，扫描切换时间不高于1 ms。射频电源输出信号稳定、波动小、交直比的波动为0.1%。该射频电源相较于常规的四极杆射频电源具有更高的扫描范围，体积小巧，功耗仅30 W，接口简单，有较高的实用价值。     

基于PSoC3的高性价比虚拟信号分析仪

以PSoC3为基础设计了一种高性价比的虚拟信号分析仪。系统由虚拟仪器卡和配套PC软件2部分组成,两者采用USB 2.0通信。虚拟仪器卡完成信号采集和产生任务,其中微控制器、ADC、DAC、USB、信号切换等核心模块完全在一块PSoC3芯片上实现。配套PC软件完成信号实时显示、记录回放、频谱分析和信号源生成功能,在图形化开发环境LabVIEW下设计。系统充分利用了PSoC3在模拟和数字信号混合设计上的优势,具有高性能、低成本、低功耗、携带方便等特点。