CNC车削中心热误差模态分析及鲁棒建模

通过对ＣＮＣ车削中心的热模态分析和天空,在机床上布置的热传感器从１６个减少到４个。提出一种热误差鲁棒建模新方法,可减小由温度测量噪声引起的误差,并增强热误差数学模型对环境温度变化的适应性。在此基础上开发的热误差补偿系统应用于ＣＮＣ车削中心。热误差从大于３５μｍ的减小至１２μｍ,使用一的多的始终保持良好的补偿功能。     

数控机床几何误差与热误差综合建模及其实时补偿

为提高数控机床的精度,提出一种数控机床的几何与热的复合误差综合建模方法。通过分析机床在不同温度状态下的误差数据,得到机床误差分布规律;根据几何误差和热误差的不同特性进行误差分离,采用多项式拟合与线性拟合方法建立机床几何误差与热误差的综合数学模型;利用数控(Computer numerical control,CNC)系统的外部机床坐标系偏置功能,应用自行研发的综合误差实时补偿系统进行误差在线实时补偿。该误差补偿方法综合考虑机床几何误差及其在机床不同温度下的变化,全面分析整个温升过程直至热稳态的误差及其变化规律。经检测认证表明,应用该误差补偿方法及其实时补偿系统可使机床在常温下的定位误差由44.1μm降低到3.6μm,补偿91.8%;温升之后的定位误差由26.0μm降低到5.1μm,补偿80.4%,大幅度提高机床的精度。     

基于神经网络的机床-工件系统热误差补偿技术研究

以机床-工件系统的热变形为研究对象,应用神经网络理论建立机床-工件系统的热误差模型,对热误差神经网络模型的关键输入参数进行了分析讨论,提出了该模型的误差补偿策略。以某型号大尺寸回转支承滚道数控车削加工为例,建立了热误差模型,对回转支承滚道加工实施热误差补偿,结果表明,机床-工件系统的热误差模型有较强的预测能力,提出的补偿方法有较好的补偿效果。     

数控机床热误差灰色神经网络补偿应用研究

针对数控机床热误差建模补偿的问题,提出了灰色神经网络建模补偿的新方法。首先利用机床的温度值建立了机床热误差的灰色系统预测模型,再由灰色模型预测值得到的残差建立神经网络预测模型。结合灰色系统和神经网络的优点,建立了一种新的灰色系统和BP神经网络组合热误差预测模型。最后以实测数据建模说明了灰色神经网络模型预测效果明显优于各单项模型,方法优异的预测性能对于具有复杂成分的动态数据序列的机床热误差建模也适用。     

干切滚齿机热变形误差模型及其误差补偿技术研究

针对YDE3120CNC干切滚齿机床,运用热传导形成温度梯度原理、金属材料热膨胀原理、材料力学中梁的伸长和弯曲变形理论基础,分析了该机床热变形误差,并提出了一种滚刀与工件主轴相对位移热变形误差数学模型。在此基础上研制了一套用于干切滚齿机热变形误差补偿系统,利用该系统从间接和直接的角度测量出滚刀与工件主轴相对位移,然后进行热变形误差补偿实验。通过该实验,验证了该机床热变形误差数学模型的正确性及可靠性,为干切滚齿机床在线热变形误差检测及补偿打下了基础。     

灰色系统模型在机床热误差建模中的应用

提出了采用灰色系统模型进行机床热误差建模的基本原理及方法，以及其在机床热误差补偿建模中的应用。论述了如何利用实测的热误差序列，通过对全数据GM（1，1）模型、新信息GM（1，1）模型和新陈代谢GM（1，1）模型进行机床热误差建模和预报，得出了新陈代谢GM（1，1）模型是机床热误差补偿建模最理想模型的结论。     

一种龙门铣床误差实时补偿方法

龙门铣床广泛应用于航空航天领域大型零件的精密加工,其几何与热误差均对加工精度有显著影响。本文基于西门子840D数控系统内置的补偿接口,以及作者提出的大型机床的关键误差分析、辨识及建模方法,在建立好的主轴热误差及主进给轴的几何与热综合误差数学模型的基础上,提出了一种大型龙门铣床主轴及进给轴多项主要变形的补偿方法,开发了相应的补偿系统,并实现了主轴热误差和主进给轴(x轴)综合误差的实时控制补偿,验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于时序算法的主轴轴向热误差建模与应用

为解决金属手机外壳加工行业内的机床主轴轴向热误差问题,提出了一种基于时间序列算法的主轴轴向热误差建模方法,对一台钻攻中心建立了主轴轴向热误差实时补偿模型。实践结果表明:通过该模型实时补偿,机床的主轴轴向热误差由原来62μm补偿到7μm,加工工件尺寸控制在10μm左右。     

基于实时反馈的机床热误差在线补偿模型

为建立一种能够适应机床不同工况且具有准确预测能力的热误差补偿模型,提出一种基于限定记忆递推最小二乘法辨识热误差模型参数的机床热误差预测建模方法。该方法随着机床工作状况的改变,根据实时反馈的温度和热误差数据,采用递推方法对模型参数进行即时修正,使热误差模型能够及时跟踪机床系统的热特性变化,实现以较高的预测精度对机床热误差进行补偿。通过数控车床主轴轴向热误差辨识建模及补偿实验可以看出,限定记忆递推最小二乘法比一步最小二乘法辨识精度有较大提高,最大残差值减小了52.3%,标准差减小了67%。实验结果表明,利用该方法进行机床热误差模型参数辨识具有较高的预测精度和鲁棒性,有效可行。       

数控机床几何和热误差综合的运动学建模

以某生产厂家的一种车削加工中心为研究对象,根据齐次坐标变换原理,推导了该机床刀具与工件之间相对位移的动态关系式。此式包括了该机床几何误差和热误差中主要影响机床精度的１４个误差因子。经基于此误差综合数学模型的实时补偿,工件之间的尺寸变化从原来大于４０μｍ降低到１２μｍ。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

OPTIMIZATION METHOD ON IMPELLER MERIDIONAL CONTOUR AND 3D BLADE

An optimization method for 3D blade and meridional contour of centrifugal or mixed-flow impeller based on the 3D viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is proposed. The blade is indirectly parameterized using the angular momentum and calculated by inverse design method. The design variables are separated into two categories: the meridional contour design variables and the blade design variables. Firstly, only the blade is optimized using genetic algorithm with the meridional contour remained constant. The artificial neural network (ANN) techniques with the training sample data schemed according to design of experiment theory are adopted to construct the response relation between the blade design variables and the impeller performance. Then, based on the ANN approximated relation between the meridional contour design variables and impeller performance, the meridional contour is optimized. Fewer design variables and less calculation effort is required in this method that may be widely used in the optimization of three-dimension impellers. An optimized impeller in a mixed-flow pump, where the head and the efficiency are enhanced by 12.9% and 4.5% respectively, confirms the validity of this newly proposed method.