基于单压电变形镜的可控环形焦斑整形

为了实现可控环形焦斑的整形,提出了一套基于单压电变形镜的整形方法。首先结合波前衍射理论和随机并行梯度下降算法模拟迭代出环形焦斑整形所需的调制相位,进而利用波前传感器探测光束的波前信息,控制变形镜重构目标光斑对应的调制相位,实现聚焦光斑的整形。搭建了一套基于62单元单压电变形镜的光斑整形实验平台,采用焦平面上的CCD记录远场聚焦光斑。实验结果表明,该方法实现了对不同直径(0.32,0.4,0.6 mm)和宽度(0.05,0.08,0.1mm)环形焦斑的整形,可有效应用于激光束整形。     

几种分立式微变形镜的性能模拟与比较

采用形状函数法描述变形镜校正时的曲面,从适配误差、Streh l比两方面比较了四种不同单元排列方式的微变形镜。结果表明方形与砖形排列的微变形镜设计简单,但波前校正性能较差;圆形及蜂窝形微变形镜具有较高的波前校正性能,但设计加工复杂。     

Adaptive correction of depth-induced aberrations in multiphoton scanning microscopy using a deformable mirror

We demonstrate adaptive aberration correction for depth‐induced spherical aberration in a multiphoton scanning microscope with a micromachined deformable mirror. Correction was made using a genetic learning algorithm with two‐photon fluorescence intensity feedback to determine the desired shape for an adaptive mirror. For a 40×/0.6 NA long working distance objective, the axial scanning range was increased from 150 mm to 600 mm.     

Simple characterisation of a deformable mirror inside a high numerical aperture microscope using phase diversity

We present a simple and versatile scheme for characterising amplitude and phase modulation by an active element, such as a deformable mirror, in the pupil plane of a high NA microscope. By placing a mirror in the vicinity of the focal plane of the objective and recording images of the reflected focal spot on a camera, we show that reliable measurements of the influence function of the mirror actuators in the pupil plane of the objective can be obtained using an iterative electric field retrieval algorithm. Compared to direct wavefront sensors, the proposed method allows characterisation for a variety of objectives with different NA and pupil sizes without modification of the setup, requires minimal space inside the microscope, and can be used with pulsed sources such as used for multiphoton microscopy. In order to validate our method, we compare our data to the results obtained with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, and show that comparable precision is achieved.     

Remote measurement of liquid flow using turbine and fiber optic techniques

This paper deals with the development of a low cost, intelligent liquid flow measuring system, based on fiber optic technology. Fiber optic sensing as well as communication is used to measure flow, at a distance, using basic turbine flow meter. The blades of the turbine meter are used to modulate the light falling on it. The frequency of the pulses generated depends on the number of blades and is measured by the microcontroller and displayed on the hyper terminal. With proper calibration, relationship between output frequency and flow rate is appreciably linear and accuracy is ±0.4%.     

In-process surface roughness measurement of bulk metallic glass using an adaptive optics system for aberration correction

Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have received extensive attention recently due to amorphous-related extraordinary properties such as high strength, elasticity, and excellent corrosion resistance. In particular, Zr-based BMGs are recognized as a biocompatible material and surface roughness may affect many aspects of cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, this study presents an in-process measurement of surface roughness by combining an optical probe of laser-scattering phenomena and adaptive optics (AO) for aberration correction. Measurement results of six Zr-based BMGs samples with a roughness ranging from 0.06 to 0.98 μm demonstrate excellent correlation between the peak power and average roughness with a determination coefficient (R²) of 0.9974. The proposed adaptive-optics-assisted (AO-assisted) system is in good agreement with the stylus method, and less than 8.42% error values are obtained for average sample roughness in the range of 0.05–0.58 μm. The proposed system can be used as a rapid in-process roughness monitor/estimator to further increase the precision and stability of manufacturing processes for all classes of BMGs materials in situ.     

200单元硅基单压电变形镜的设计与测试

针对天文望远镜对变形镜的需求,设计了200单元级硅基单压电变形镜并对其进行了性能测试。首先,通过有限元方法对单压电变形镜进行结构建模,分析比较了电极排列形式和边界支撑方式对变形镜性能的影响。然后,制备了3款200单元变形镜样机(环形简支,环形固支,六边形简支)。最后,利用干涉仪测量了变形镜的影响函数,并通过激光多普勒测振仪测量其频响特性。仿真与实验结果表明:致动器在50V电压下变形量可达1μm,固支条件下谐振频率在1kHz左右,对前100项Zernike像差具有良好的校正能力。该变形镜在低成本天文自适应光学系统中具有应用潜力。     

衍射双波段红外光学系统设计

基于定向光栅能对不同波长的不同级光谱闪耀的原理,从一种比较新颖的角度将衍射光学元件成功地应用于双波段红外光学系统设计,使系统在衍射效率达80%的中波红外波段3.8～4.2μm和长波红外波段8.8～11.5μm同时较好地完成像差校正,会聚到共同的焦点。最后以一个f/2单透镜衍射光学系统进行了验证。设计结果表明,此双波段光学系统结构紧凑、原理简单、不需要额外的机械设备,为双波段成像、探测提供了一条新的思路。     

TM导模激励的对称型表面等离子体共振结构的研究

提出并研究了一种新的、可用TM导模激励的对称型表面等离子体共振结构,共振条件通过调节两金属薄膜之间的间隙来满足,提高了应用范围和使用灵活性。实验采用0．004AgNO3--0．996NaNO3混合盐制备了离子交换波导,金属膜为70nmAg膜,测试表明在两金属膜十分靠近时可以发生表面等离子体波的激发。     

137单元变形镜性能测试及校正能力实验

自制了一个137单元分立促动器的连续镜面式变形镜,用于自适应光学相关技术的研究。首先,利用Zygo激光干涉仪对变形镜的静态性能进行了测试,包括面形测试、单个促动器的响应测试和耦合测试;然后,针对变形镜的校正能力,分别进行了Zernike多项式拟合和展平测试,并利用自适应光学实验平台实验验证了变形镜的校正能力;最后,利用搭建的快速响应测量平台测试了变形镜及其驱动电路的动态响应性能。测试及实验表明,137单元变形镜静态展平后的面形RMS值优于λ/50,PV值优于0.18λ（λ=632.8 nm）;能够对前7阶Zernike多项式进行较好的拟合和校正;变形镜及其高压驱动器的动态响应优于1 kHz;该变形镜能使系统的Strehl ratio从小于0.1提高到优于0.9,明显改善了系统的成像能力。