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1.
In exhaust pipes of automotive engines, the pulsating pressure waves are composed of fundamental frequency and high order harmonics. The nonlinearities in the exhaust pipe is caused by their interactions. The error between prediction and measurement is induced by the nonlinearities. We can not explain this phenomenon using linear acoustics theory. So power spectrum, which is used in linear theory, is not useful. This paper is concerned with the development of useful engineering techniques to detect and analyze nonlinearity in exhaust pipe of automotive engines. The study of higher order statistics has been dominated by work on the bispectrum. The bispectrum can be viewed as a decomposition of the third moment (skewness) of a signal over frequency and as such is blind to symmetric nonlinearities. The phenomenon of quadratic phase coupling (QPC) can be analyzed by the bicoherence function. Finally the application of these techniques to data from actual exhaust pipe systems is performed.  相似文献   

2.
提出了一种基于分数阶傅里叶变换(fractional Fourier transform,简称FRFT)的单分量阶比双谱分析方法,消除阶比双谱分析多分量信号时产生的交叉项,提取变速器齿轮微弱故障特征。根据变速器输入轴转速信号及传动比确定FRFT最佳阶次,对变速器升速过程振动信号进行最佳阶次FRFT,在该分数阶域分离目标阶比分量,对分离出的单分量信号分别进行阶比双谱分析,并累加各分量阶比双谱结果得到基于FRFT的单分量阶比双谱。试验结果表明,变速器变速过程振动信号为多阶比分量信号,直接对其进行阶比双谱分析会产生明显的交叉项,使阶比双谱阶次和幅值失真。基于FRFT的单分量阶比双谱方法能有效屏蔽其他分量和噪声干扰、消除交叉项,真实、准确反映被分析信号的阶比双谱,有效提取变速器齿轮微弱故障特征。  相似文献   

3.
The acousto-ultrasonic (AU) input–output characteristics for contact-type transmitting and receiving transducers coupled to composite laminated plates are considered in this paper. Combining a multiple integral transform method, an ordinary discrete layer theory for the laminates and some simplifying assumptions for the electro-mechanical transduction behaviour of the transducers, an analytical solution is developed which can deal with all the wave processes involved in the AU measurement system, i.e. wave generation, wave propagation and wave reception. The spectral response of the normal contact pressure sensed by the receiving transducer due to an arbitrary input pulse excited by the transmitting transducer is obtained. To validate the new analytical–numerical spectral technique in the low-frequency regime, the results are compared with Mindlin plate theory solutions. Based on the analytical results, numerical calculations are carried out to investigate the influence of various external parameters such as frequency content of the input pulse, transmitter/receiver spacing and transducer aperture on the output of the measurement system. The results show that the presented analytical–numerical procedure is an effective tool for understanding the input–output characteristics of the AU technique for laminated plates.  相似文献   

4.
Fault feature extraction has a positive effect on accurate diagnosis of diesel engine. Currently, studies of fault feature extraction have focused on the time domain or the frequency domain of signals. However, early fault signals are mostly weak energy signals, and time domain or frequency domain features will be overwhelmed by strong back?ground noise. In order consistent features to be extracted that accurately represent the state of the engine, bispectrum estimation is used to analyze the nonlinearity, non?Gaussianity and quadratic phase coupling(QPC) information of the engine vibration signals under different conditions. Digital image processing and fractal theory is used to extract the fractal features of the bispectrum pictures. The outcomes demonstrate that the diesel engine vibration signal bispectrum under different working conditions shows an obvious differences and the most complicated bispectrum is in the normal state. The fractal dimension of various invalid signs is novel and diverse fractal parameters were utilized to separate and characterize them. The value of the fractal dimension is consistent with the non?Gaussian intensity of the signal, so it can be used as an eigenvalue of fault diagnosis, and also be used as a non?Gaussian signal strength indicator. Consequently, a symptomatic approach in view of the hypothetical outcome is inferred and checked by the examination of vibration signals from the diesel motor. The proposed research provides the basis for on?line monitoring and diagnosis of valve train faults.  相似文献   

5.
GEAR CRACK EARLY DIAGNOSIS USING BISPECTRUM DIAGONAL SLICE   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
A study of bispectral analysis in gearbox condition monitoring is presented. The theory of bispectrum and quadratic phase coupling (QPC) is first introduced, and then equations for computing bispectrum slices are obtained. To meet the needs of online monitoring, a simplified method of computing bispectrum diagonal slice is adopted. Industrial gearbox vibration signals measured from normal and tooth cracked conditions are analyzed using the above method. Experiments results indicate that bispectrum can effectively suppress the additive Gaussian noise and chracterize the QPC phenomenon. It is also shown that the 1-D bispectrum diagonal slice can capture the non-Gaussian and nonlinear feature of gearbox vibration when crack occurred, hence, this method can be employed to gearbox real time monitoring and early diagnosis.  相似文献   

6.
切片双谱分析在离心泵故障诊断中的应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
运用双谱及切片双谱分析技术对离心泵不同状态下的振动信号进行分析表明,离心泵在正常运行、地脚螺栓松动和空化状态下的双谱图的特征有着明显的差别,可以通过双谱对故障信号进行初步分类,且双谱的对角切片和反对角切片可以显著降低噪声干扰,进一步提取出故障特征频率,故可对离心泵的故障信号进行准确的分类和诊断。  相似文献   

7.
Component mode synthesis (CMS) is a very common approach used for the generation of large system models. In general, these modeling techniques can be separated into two categories: those utilizing a combination of constraint modes and fixed interface normal modes and those based on a combination of free interface normal modes and residual flexibility terms. The major limitation of the methods utilizing constraint modes and fixed interface normal modes is the inability to easily obtain the required information from testing; the result of this limitation is that constraint mode-based techniques are primarily used with numerical models.An alternate approach is proposed which utilizes frequency and shape information acquired from modal testing to update reduced order finite element models using exact analytical model improvement techniques. The connection degrees of freedom are then rigidly constrained in the test verified, reduced order model to provide the boundary conditions necessary for constraint modes and fixed interface normal modes.The CMS approach is then used with this test verified, reduced order model to generate the system model for further analysis. A laboratory structure is used to show the application of the technique with both numerical and simulated experimental components to describe the system and validate the proposed approach.Actual test data is then used in the approach proposed. Due to typical measurement data contaminants that are always included in any test, the measured data is further processed to remove contaminants and is then used in the proposed approach. The final case using improved data with the reduced order, test verified components is shown to produce very acceptable results from the Craig–Bampton component mode synthesis approach.Use of the technique with its strengths and weaknesses are discussed.  相似文献   

8.
We present a new signal processing and testing technique by using a higher statistical moment, the bispectrum, to determine the damping ratio and natural frequency of offshore structures excited by both unexpected Gaussian forces and known non-Gaussian driving forces. Due to unexpected exciting forces, such as turbulence, in the ocean, environment, the transfer functions of offshore structures are not determined through operating a known driving force and measuring its response. In order to overcome this problem, some of the existing techniques try to model the unexpected forces as white Gaussian forces or almost white Gaussian forces and determine the modal parameters from the response only. Others try to average the input and output to suppress unexpected parts. Our method uses third-order moments to keep the influence of the unexpected Gaussian forces away from the determination of the transfer function of the structure which has linear properties. We model the third-order moment property of the response function with a bispectral model. The modal parameters can be calculated from the estimated model's coefficients. The method has been proven by a number of simulations.  相似文献   

9.
将双谱分析应用于爆震振动信号分析,提出了爆震特征频率提取和强度判定的方法。首先,用功率谱密度估计的方法分析发动机3个方向的振动信号,确定爆震特征频率范围;然后,利用双谱分析不同爆震强度下的振动信号并提取双谱主对角线切片,分析不同状况下的信号频率间的相位耦合关系,确定爆震特征频率;最后,提出了爆震强度评价参数。试验结果表明,相比功率谱密度估计,双谱峰值频率更能凸显爆震特征频率,爆震强度评价参数能有效判定爆震强度。  相似文献   

10.
We offer a comparison of several different detectors of damage-induced nonlinearities in assessing the connectivity of a composite-to-metal bolted joint. Each detector compares the structure's measured vibrational response to surrogate data, conforming to a general model for the healthy structure. The strength of this approach to detection is that it works in the presence of certain types of varying ambient conditions and is valid for structures excited with any stationary process. Here we employ several such detectors using dynamic strain response data collected near the joint as the structure was driven using simulated wave forcing (taken from the Pierson–Moskowitz frequency distribution for wave height). In an effort to simulate in situ monitoring conditions the experiments were carried out in the presence of strongly varying temperatures. The performance of the detectors was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, a well known method for displaying detection characteristics. The ROC curve is well suited to the problem of vibration-based structural health monitoring applications where quantifying false positive and false negative errors is essential. The results of this work indicate that using the estimated auto-bicoherence of the systems response produced the best overall detection performance when compared to features based on a nonlinear prediction scheme and another based on information theory. For roughly 10% false alarms, the bicoherence detector gives nearly 90% probability of detection (POD). Conversely, for several of the other detectors 5–10% false alarms leads to 70% POD. While the bicoherence (and bispectrum) have been used previously in the context of damage detection, this work represents the first attempt at using them in a surrogate-based detection scheme.  相似文献   

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