基于小波分析和修正指数分布的齿轮故障诊断方法

提出了基于小波分析和修正指数分布(modifiedexponentialdistribution,MED)的齿轮故障诊断方法,该方法采用小波包将齿轮振动信号分解为若干个频率段,然后选择合适的频率段进行小波包重构,对重构后的信号进行MED分析,得到齿轮振动信号的小波包时-频分布,进而从中提取齿轮振动信号故障的故障特征.对具有裂纹的齿轮振动信号分析结果表明了基于小波分析和MED的齿轮故障诊断方法的有效性.     

基于小波包能量谱和Hilbert包络分析的行星齿轮故障诊断

行星齿轮啮合振动信号噪声干扰大,难以诊断齿轮的故障。提出一种基于扭转振动信号的行星齿轮故障诊断方法。结合小波包能量谱和Hilbert包络分析用于轴系扭转振动信号进行识别行星齿轮的早期故障。将这种方法应用于行星齿轮箱在行星齿轮磨损和行星齿轮出现断齿故障状态下采集到的实际故障行星齿轮扭转振动信号,发现这种方法能识别两种状态下的行星齿轮故障特征。将小波包能量谱和Hilbert包络分析应用于两种故障状态下的横向振动信号,发现行星齿轮磨损故障不能准确识别。实验结果表明新方法对行星齿轮早期故障的识别更敏感、准确。     

基于小波分析对变速箱的故障诊断

为确定某型号液力叉车变速箱的故障原因,对其进行故障诊断,简要分析了变速箱内部结构,并计算了各档位情况下各个齿轮和轴承的故障特征频率,搭载实验平台,采集变速箱运转过程中的振动信号,并运用小波阈值去噪法对原始振动信号进行了消噪,接着分别运用小波分析和小波包分析方法对振动信号进行分解,并对相应频段信号进行重构和谱分析,综合两种分析方法的结果,获得变速箱的故障特征频率,确定是输入轴上齿轮存在缺陷。该研究对齿轮及轴承等相关构件的故障诊断有一定的参考意义。     

小波-神经网络在齿轮故障诊断中的应用

基于齿轮箱故障齿轮的特征提取,提出了将小波包分析与神经网络结合的齿轮故障诊断方法.对齿轮信号进行3层小波包分解,构造小波包特征向量作为故障样本.用训练好的BP神经网络进行故障诊断,实验结果表明该方法能够有效地诊断出齿轮的故障类型.     

基于小波包变换与神经网络的齿轮故障诊断方法

对齿轮箱故障诊断问题进行研究,由于齿轮的振动信号是非平稳信号,常规的齿轮特征提取方法难以从振动信号中提取有效故障特征信息。笔者采用小波包理论对齿轮振动信号应用db12小波进行多层分解后,从而对信号进行消噪,并对消噪后的信号进行小波包3层分解及系数重构,再次对各频段能量进行处理分析从而得到特征向量。最终应用归一化方法对特征向量处理后再结合RBF神经网络进行故障诊断,并且取得了良好的诊断效果。     

基于小波包和SOM神经网络的齿轮故障诊断仿真研究

鉴于齿轮振动信号非平稳的特征,提出用小波包分析和SOM神经网络相结合的新诊断方法。首先运用虚拟样机技术建立齿轮模型,模拟出各种故障,并提取出振动信号;然后用小波包分析提取能量特征,再用SOM网络对数据进行分类得到各种故障类型的标准样本,最后通过用待检测样本与标准样本进行对比分析得出诊断结果。仿真结果表明该方法对齿轮的故障诊断十分有效,对其他旋转机械的故障诊断和维修保养具有指导意义。     

基于小波包最优节点能量特征的BA-ELM齿轮故障诊断方法

针对表征齿轮故障特征信息难提取与极限学习机输入权值与隐含层节点阈值随机选取,致使齿轮故障分类模型泛化能力弱、精度差的问题,提出一种基于小波包最优节点能量特征的BA-ELM齿轮故障诊断方法。该方法首先将齿轮振动信号经过小波包分解,再利用分解所得各节点信号与原信号的相关系数选取出最优节点并计算其能量特征;其次,利用蝙蝠算法优化极限学习机的输入权值与隐含层节点阈值,建立BA-ELM的齿轮故障分类模型;最后,将所得小波包最优节点能量特征向量作为模型输入进行齿轮不同故障状态的分类识别。实验结果表明,与基于SVM和ELM的故障分类方法相比,基于小波包最优节点能量特征的BA-ELM齿轮故障诊断方法具有更高的分类精度,更强的泛化能力。     

基于虚拟仪器的齿轮故障检测系统的设计

设计基于PC-DAQ的虚拟齿轮故障检测系统.首先介绍了振动信号数据采集的硬件设置,然后对几种虚拟仪器开发环境进行了分析,并选择LabVIEW作为软件平台,最后设计了系统软件,该软件可实现数据采集、功率谱分析、小波包分析和关联维数计算的功能,能有效地对故障进行识别.     

高斯混合模型与小波包能量相结合的齿轮故障分类

提出小波包能量与高斯混合模型相结合的齿轮故障分类算法。利用小波包分析提取某种模式下齿轮振动信号多层分解后的不同频带内的能量,并进行归一化处理。然后以各频带能量为元素构造该模式的特征向量,利用这些特征向量以及高斯混合模型良好的数据分布刻画能力,对该模式进行描述。最后采用贝叶斯分类器进行齿轮故障分类。采用该方法对齿轮振动信号进行故障识别,结果表明能取得比人工神经网络算法更高的识别率。     

采煤机摇臂齿轮传动系统振源定位分析方法

为了研究采煤机摇臂传动齿轮的振动分析方法并进行实机振源定位验证,首先,采用小波分析对采煤机摇臂振动信号进行降噪处理和频谱分析,依据特征频率下的振幅结果确定故障齿轮的啮合频率;然后,通过Morlet小波包络解调分析获取边频带信号频谱特征,依据边频带特征频率下的振幅结果确定故障齿轮的转动频率;最后,对频谱分析和Morlet小波包络解调分析的结果进行综合分析,锁定故障齿轮的准确位置。对一台国产采煤机摇臂齿轮传动系统进行了振动测试与信号分析,结果表明,基于小波分析、频谱分析和Morlet小波包络解调分析相结合的振动分析方法可以实现对采煤机摇臂故障齿轮的准确定位,为强噪声环境下复杂齿轮传动系统的故障快速定位和现场定点维修提供了方法支持。     

基于小波神经网络弧齿锥齿轮故障诊断及实验研究

提出了一种离散小波变换结合神经网络的故障状态识别方法,运用信号特征提取机理对航空用弧齿锥齿轮故障诊断及状态识别进行了研究.建立了孤齿锥齿轮传动系统振动测试试验台,对正常结构和故障结构的齿轮传动进行了试验测试,通过小波阈值去除掉齿轮箱的振动数据信号系统噪声的影响;采用离散小波变换提取信号的能量特征,利用带有反馈算法的神经...     

The fault feature extraction and classification of gear using principal component analysis and kernel principal component analysis based on the wavelet packet transform

The vibration signal of a gear system is selected as the original information of fault diagnosis and the gear system vibration equipment is established. The vibration acceleration signals of the normal gear, gear with tooth root crack fault, gear with pitch crack fault, gear with tooth wear fault and gear with multi-fault (tooth root crack & tooth wear fault) is collected in four kinds of speed conditions such as 300 rpm, 900 rpm, 1200 rpm and 1500 rpm. Using the method of wavelet threshold de-noising to denoise the original signal and decomposing the denoising signal utilizing the wavelet packet transform, then 16 frequency bands of decomposed signal are got. After restructuring the decomposing signal and obtaining the signal energy in each frequency band, the signal energy of the 16 bands is as the shortlisted fault characteristic data. Based on this, using the methods of principal component analysis (short for PCA) and kernel principal component analysis (short for KPCA) to extract the feature from the fault features of shortlisted 16-dimensional data feature, then the effect of reducing dimension analysis are compared. The fault classifications are displayed through the information that got from the first and the second principal component and kernel principal component, and these demonstrate they have a different and good effect of classification. Meanwhile, the article discusses the effect of feature extraction and classification that caused by the kernel function and the different options of its parameters. These provide a new method for a gear system fault feature extraction and classification.     

基于复Morlet小波和系数相关的齿轮故障特征提取

针对大型机械测取的振动信号信噪比低,故障特征不明显,故障定位难度大,提出了基于复Morlet小波和系数相关的齿轮故障特征提取方法。该方法利用了复Morlet小波的幅值、相位组合信息对信号突变点具有更好的敏感特性和小波系数相关降噪特性,对被测信号进行复Morlet小波变换,再分别将小波系数的实部和虚部进行自相关处理,并将相关后系数的幅值和相位进行组合。该方法在对齿轮传动弱故障信号特征提取的试验结果表明,该方法与直接的复Morlet小波变换相比,能够有效去除噪声,更好地突出故障特征,对故障特征点进行更精确地定位。     

Fault identification method for planetary gear based on DT-CWT threshold denoising and LE

Planetary gear is widely used in large-scale complex mechanical systems. However, because of the particularity of planetary gear transmission, serious wear and fatigue crack failures often occur in the sun gear, planet gears, and inner gear ring. In addition, every type of fault will experience different degradation processes. Improving the operation reliability of mechanical equipment through fault diagnosis of planetary gears and monitoring their degradation process is beneficial. This paper proposes a planetary gear fault identification method based on Dual-tree Complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) threshold denoising and Laplacian eigenmaps (LE). The noise reduction processing of the original signal is achieved by the DT-CWT threshold denoising method, which takes full advantage of DT-CWT and is combined with the wavelet threshold of rigrsure principle. The original high-dimensional feature set, including the time domain features, frequency domain features, permutation entropy, and fractal box dimension of the denoised signal, is constructed from multi-angles. To solve the problems of excessively large feature dimension and the existence of redundant information, the LE algorithm is used to reduce the dimension of the original high-dimensional feature set, and the low-dimensional sensitive features are obtained. Through the above method, the effective identification of different fault states and different degradation states of the planetary gear are achieved.     

齿轮故障诊断的小波分析方法

在齿轮故障监测与诊断中，故障特征提取是诊断的关键，而特征提取的方法也是多种多样的。利用双正交小波基将齿轮的故障振动信号分解到时频域，并提取出齿轮的故障特征。同时结合MATLAB编程语言检验小波在齿轮故障检测中的应用效果。     

滚动轴承故障特征参数自动提取新方法

针对目前基于小波变换的滚动轴承故障诊断系统中故障特征参数依靠人工提取的问题,提出了一种基于小波分析与Hilbert变换的滚动轴承故障特征自动提取新方法.该方法能够在特征频率的一定范围内自动计算出最大包络谱值,实现滚动轴承故障特征参数自动提取.经过对实际滚动轴承实验数据的处理和分析,表明此方法能够准确、快速地提取出滚动轴承的故障特征参数.     

基于LCD的自适应小波脊线解调及齿轮故障诊断

针对最佳小波参数的设定和齿轮裂纹故障振动信号频率成分复杂、信噪比低等问题,将遗传优化算法、小波脊线解调与局部特征尺度分解(local characteristic-scale decomposition,简称LCD)相结合,提出了基于LCD的自适应小波脊线解调方法。首先,采用LCD方法将原始信号分解为若干个内禀尺度分量(intrinsic scale component,简称ISC),并通过选择蕴含特征信息的ISC来实现信号降噪;然后,以小波能量熵为目标函数,采用遗传算法优化小波参数,得到自适应小波;最后,通过自适应小波分析提取ISC的小波脊线,从而实现对原始信号的解调分析。通过齿轮裂纹故障诊断实例验证了该方法的有效性和优越性。     

基于小波包的齿轮故障检测与分析

在齿轮故障的监测诊断中，利用小波包对信号的高分辨率把信号分解到不同频段，然后选择有效频段来提取齿轮传动的故障信息特征。实验表明，该方法能对齿轮的故障特征进行有效的监测。     

NEW METHOD FOR WEAK FAULT FEATURE EXTRACTION BASED ON SECOND GENERATION WAVELET TRANSFORM AND ITS APPLICATION

A new time-domain analysis method that uses second generation wavelet transform (SGWT) for weak fault feature extraction is proposed. To extract incipient fault feature, a biorthogonal wavelet with the characteristics of impact is constructed by using SGWT. Processing detail signal of SGWT with a sliding window devised on the basis of rotating operation cycle, and extracting modulus maximum from each window, fault features in time-domain are highlighted. To make further analysis on the reason of the fault, wavelet package transform based on SGWT is used to process vibration data again. Calculating the energy of each frequency-band, the energy distribution features of the signal are attained. Then taking account of the fault features and the energy distribution, the reason of the fault is worked out. An early impact-rub fault caused by axis misalignment and rotor imbalance is successfully detected by using this method in an oil refinery.