铈掺杂二氧化钛纳米管的光催化性能

利用溶胶-凝胶法,以多孔有序阳极氧化铝膜为模板制备掺杂稀土铈的二氧化钛纳米管,用场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和比表面仪对其进行表征;并以甲基橙为降解物,对未掺杂的二氧化钛纳米粉、纳米管以及掺杂铈的二氧化钛纳米粉和纳米管进行了光催化降解性能研究,并对降解机理进行了分析.结果表明:适量的掺杂有利于提高二氧化钛纳米管的光催化性能,提高对甲基橙的降解率;掺杂存在一个最佳量,本试验条件下为铈与钛的摩尔数比值在2%时,掺杂的二氧化钛纳米管光催化性能优于掺杂的纳米粉,在光照150min后,甲基橙的降解率达80%以上.     

TiO2纳米管制备修饰及应用研究进展

TiO2纳米管具有巨大的比表面积以及稳定的化学性质等优异特性,在众多领域都有广泛的应用。本文综述了TiO2纳米管的制备方法,比较了溶胶一凝胶法、水热法、模板法以及阳极氧化法的优劣;同时,综述了TiO2纳米管表面修饰及改性的方法,以及TiO2纳米管在光催化、太阳能电池、生物医学和传感器等领域的应用研究现状。     

光催化抗菌薄膜的制备与性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,结合旋转涂膜法,制备了六种稀土掺杂光催化抗菌薄膜(Ce/TiO2,Pr/TiO2,Gd/TiO2,Dy/TiO2,Y/TiO2,Eu/TiO2),研究了影响薄膜光催化抗菌性能的因素,确定了最佳制备工艺条件.、除Ce掺杂TiO2薄膜含有极少量金红石型TiO2外,其余全部由单一锐钛矿型TiO2构成,薄膜表面均存在缺陷.RE/TiO2光催化抗菌薄膜对大肠杆菌平均杀菌率皆在90%以上,与纯TiO2的杀菌率34%相比有明显提高.稀土元素掺杂显著提高了光催化薄膜对可见光的响应.经反复使用和高温、高压、冲刷等处理,薄膜完整不脱落,始终有很高的杀菌率和稳定性.稀土掺杂TiO2具有良好的实用价值和应用前景.     

烧结制度对稀土掺杂TiO2光催化抗菌材料抗菌性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法并结合旋转涂膜法制备了稀土掺杂（Ce、Pr、Gd、Dy、Y、Eu）薄膜型光催化抗菌材料，利用TG—DSC综合热分析仪研究了烧结方式、烧结温度以及烧结时间等烧结制度对稀土掺杂TiO2光催化抗菌材料抗菌性能的影响。结果表明，各因素对材料的光催化抗菌性能均存在一最佳值，稀土元素掺杂对TiO2的晶型结构产生了一定的影响；薄膜中除Ce掺杂TiO2薄膜含有极少量金红石型TiO2外，其余全部由单一锐钛矿型TiO2构成，相比稀土掺杂TiO2薄膜对大肠杆菌的杀菌率可达93．38％，较纯TiO2（杀菌率为37．14％）杀菌效果提高了60．23％。该材料经反复使用仍具有很高的杀菌率和稳定性，极具实用价值和应用前景。     

TiO2纳米管阵列的制备及应用研究进展

鉴于TiO2纳米管优异的光电、催化、气敏等性能已经引起广泛关注,在太阳能电池、光催化、环境净化、气体敏感器等领域有潜在的应用价值.综述了恒压阳极氧化法制备TiO2纳米管阵列的研究进展;系统归纳了纳米管阵列在制备、改性、应用方面的研究进展,并对TiO2纳米管阵列的应用研究提出了新的展望.     

TiO2纳米管阵列的制备及应用研究进展

鉴于TiO2纳米管优异的光电、催化、气敏等性能已经引起广泛关注,在太阳能电池、光催化、环境净化、气体敏感器等领域有潜在的应用价值.综述了恒压阳极氧化法制备TiO2纳米管阵列的研究进展;系统归纳了纳米管阵列在制备、改性、应用方面的研究进展,并对TiO2纳米管阵列的应用研究提出了新的展望.     

TiO2纳米管阵列的制备及应用研究进展

鉴于TiO2纳米管优异的光电、催化、气敏等性能已经引起广泛关注,在太阳能电池、光催化、环境净化、气体敏感器等领域有潜在的应用价值。综述了恒压阳极氧化法制备TiO2纳米管阵列的研究进展;系统归纳了纳米管阵列在制备、改性、应用方面的研究进展,并对TiO2纳米管阵列的应用研究提出了新的展望。     

掺杂镧对TZM合金组织与性能的影响

采用粉末冶金法和轧制工艺制备了掺杂不同镧含量的TZM合金,研究了掺杂镧对不同状态TZM合金组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:掺杂镧能显著细化TZM烧结坯的晶粒尺寸,La2O3掺杂量越多,细化效果越明显;掺杂镧可使TZM烧结坯的密度和硬度增大,显著提高TZM合金的强度和韧性,使其具有良好的力学性能。     

TiO2纳米管的制备及其在化学需氧量测定中的应用研究

在纯钛表面采用电化学阳极氧化法制备有序的高密度TiO2纳米管阵列，对TiO2纳米管进行X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征，结果表明氧化钛纳米管膜层的相结构与热处理有关，经500℃热处理后具有光催化活性的锐钛矿型。将其用于化学需氧量（COD）的测定，以葡萄糖为响应底物，考察了TiO2纳米管光电催化传感器的光电催化行为，结果发现该传感器的光生电流值与20～800mg／L范围的COD值有良好的线性响应，检测限为10mg／L，相关系数为0．9977。利用该传感器测定废水样品的COD值，结果与传统的K2Cr207法相吻合。用TiO2纳米管制备的传感器具有测试速度快，不需有毒、昂贵试剂等优点，具有广阔的应用前景。     

载铈纳米TiO2粉体的制备及其光催化性能

采用浸渍法制备了不同Ce4 掺杂量纳米TiO2光催化剂,并用透射电镜、X射线衍射仪和紫外-可见吸收光谱等手段对其进行了表征.以甲基橙为目标降解物,用紫外-可见吸收光谱考察了其光催化特性.结果表明:Ge4 的掺杂提高了纳米TiO2粉体的相变温度,1.2%的掺杂量可以使纳米TiO2在800 ℃煅烧后保持锐钛矿型;在汞灯照射下,90 min后对甲基橙的脱色率可达94.7%,而纯TiO2在120 min后脱色率仅仅为53.7%.     

Tribological Properties of Polytetrafluoroethylene,Nano-Titanium Dioxide,and Nano-Silicon Dioxide as Additives in Mixed Oil-Based Titanium Complex Grease

Eight titanium complex greases (i.e., benzoic acid/stearic acid and sebacic acid/stearic acid titanium complex greases, and greases containing PTFE, or nano-titanium dioxide, or nano-silicon dioxide) were synthesized using 3-L reaction vessel. Their physical characteristics were characterized and their tribological properties were evaluated by using a four-ball tester. Chemical compositions of the boundary films generated on worn surfaces were analyzed with the use of scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. Results show titanium complex greases containing PTFE, or nano-titanium dioxide, or nano-silicon dioxide exhibited excellent tribological performance. The mechanism for the friction-reduction and antiwear effect of all titanium complex greases was also proposed and discussed from a tribochemistry point of view.     

基于SWOT分析的氯化法钛白工艺技术发展研究

随着我国经济的迅速发展,钛白粉消费量一直增长,我国已是世界钛白粉第2大消费国;因此,作为杜邦等国际大型钛白粉生产商已锁定的目标,我国业界必将接受严峻的挑战,行业洗牌的日子已为期不远。本文从钛白粉工业生产的硫酸法和氯化法工艺分析入手,采用SWOT分析方法,对硫酸法和氯化法工艺的优势及劣势加以分析研究,以期为钛白粉行业的发展提供一定的参考依据。     

退火温度对二氧化钛薄膜的性能影响

为了获得性能优良的二氧化钛薄膜,采用电子束蒸发沉积方法制备二氧化钛薄膜,并分别在300、600、900℃空气中对样品进行退火处理以改善所制备二氧化钛薄膜的性能。分别采用X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)以及分光光度计研究了退火温度对二氧化钛薄膜结构和光学性能的影响。结果表明,退火处理可以使二氧化钛薄膜由非晶态薄膜转换为金红石型薄膜,且金红石晶型成分随退火温度的加大而增大,同时退火处理可以改善二氧化钛薄膜在300~1 200nm光谱范围的总吸光率以及增大二氧化钛薄膜的应用范围。     

Mapping chemical and bonding information using multivariate analysis of electron energy-loss spectrum images

Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to obtain high-resolution information on the composition and the type of chemical bonding of materials. Spectrum imaging, where a full EEL spectrum is acquired and stored at each pixel in the image, gives an exact correlation of spatial and spectral features. However, determining and extracting the important spectral components from the large amount of information contained in a spectrum image (SI) can be difficult. This paper demonstrates that principal component analysis of EEL SIs can be used to extract chemically relevant components. With weighted or two-way scaled principal component analysis, both compositional and bonding information can be extracted. Mapping of the chemical variations in a partially reduced titanium dioxide sample and the orientation-dependent bonding in boron nitride and carbon nanotubes are given as examples.     

介孔二氧化钛的制备与研究

以钛酸四丁酯为原料,用聚乙二醇型非离子表面活性剂作为模板剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出了纳米二氧化钛介孔粉体;利用光催化降解甲基橙的实验研究了不同模板剂,不同模板剂添加量以及不同煅烧温度下制备出的介孔TiO2的光催化活性,得出介孔TiO2的最佳制备工艺,并与纳米二氧化钛的光催化性能进行对比。采用X射线粉末衍射分析法（XRD）,透射电镜分析法（TEM）对样品的微观结构、颗粒形态、分布情况、晶型以及物相组成等方面进行表征,验证了实验得出的最佳制备工艺的可靠性。     

Titanium-containing compounds as efficient triboadditives to oils

Titanium-containing compounds soluble in mineral oils, such as titanium oleate and titanium 2-ethylhexanoate, as well as titanium dioxide nanoparticles modified by tetra(2-ethylhexyl)-thiuramdisulfide (TDS) and di(2-ethylhexyl)thiophonedisulfide (TFDS), were synthesized. Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to identify the structure of titanium carboxylates and determine the size of TiO₂ nanoparticles. The antifriction and antiwear characteristics of these compounds were studied in various-type tribometers equipped with a four-ball friction unit. A comparative study of titanium-containing compounds with the highest tribological characteristics that contained nanoparticles modified by TDS and 2-ethylhexane acid at increasing velocity of sliding was carried out. The effect of titanium-containing compounds on the relief of worn surfaces was investigated.     

The role of TiO2 nanotube surface on osseointegration of titanium implants: Biomechanical and histological study in rats

The nanoscale surface of titanium has been studied to improve the cellular recognition of the biological microenvironment and to increase bone–implant interaction. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a titanium oxide (TiO₂) nanotube surface with a machined surface on osseointegration tibia implants without primary stability. This study used an experimental design, divided into two groups (n = 16): commercially pure titanium machined implants (Cp‐Ti Ma) and commercially pure titanium anodized implants (Cp‐Ti An). Titanium nanotubes were produced by anodic oxidation, and the topography of surface was analyzed using field emission scanning microscope (FE‐SEM). The implants (2.1 × 2.8 mm Ø) were surgically placed in the right tibia (defects with milling drill 2.5 × 3.2 mm Ø) of 32 Wistar male rats (250–300 g). The animals were euthanized at 7 weeks postoperatively. The maximum value of removal torque was measured (N/cm) in the right tibia half of each group (8 animals/8 tibiae); the other half of each group underwent a nondecalcified protocol, stained with Stevenel blue/Alizarin red, and the formation of bone tissue in close contact to the implant was measured. The obtained data were analyzed statistically (t test). Differences were considered statistically significant for α < 0.05. Cp‐Ti An implants were significantly higher in removal torque and peri‐implant bone healing compared with Cp‐Ti Ma implants (p < .01). Within the limitations of this study, it was observed that the surface modification of titanium by anodization (TiO₂ nanotubes) can improve osseointegration, and this may be very useful to reduce the time required for peri‐implant bone formation.     

Photocatalytic deposition of a gold nanoparticle onto the top of a SiN cantilever tip

We propose a new technique for depositing a gold nanoparticle onto the tip of a dielectric support. We employed the photocatalytic effect of titanium dioxide for the deposition. When the titanium dioxide immersed in a solution including gold ions is subject to optical exposure, the excited electrons in the conduction band reduce gold ions into gold metal. Illumination by an evanescent wave generated with a total reflection configuration limits the deposition region to the very tip. In experiments we obtained 100–300 nm gold particles on SiN cantilever tips for atomic force microscopes. The contrast of evanescent interference fringes measured by a near-field scanning optical microscope with this gold nanoparticle probe has proved to be higher than that with a non-deposited SiN probe by a factor of 1.5.     

硫掺杂纳米二氧化钛的水热合成及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱物,无水乙醇为溶剂,盐酸为抑制剂,水作反应剂,用硫脲为掺杂剂,采用水热法制得二氧化钛纳米粉体,并对样品进行硫离子掺杂的研究。通过将掺杂的二氧化钛粉末在可见光下进行光降解试验,研究了非金属硫离子的掺杂规律。试验结果表明,掺杂后的样品光催化降解能力得到了提高,存在最优的掺杂比例,并且在可见光下产生了较好的降解效果。     

赤泥盐酸浸出液中铝的EDTA络合滴定法研究

为了综合利用赤泥,在处理过程中需要准确测定铝的含量。本文考察了乙二胺四乙酸二钠络合滴定法测定赤泥盐酸浸出液中铝的影响程度,结果表明,乳酸加入量应根据待测液中二氧化钛的含量而定,一般加入1＋1的乳酸2 mL能够掩蔽溶液中的二氧化钛;乙二胺四乙酸二钠的加入量以相对于铝过量50%为宜;以二甲酚橙作指示剂,一定要控制溶液pH值,才能使滴定终点敏锐而准确;加热煮沸2~3 min即可使络合反应完全。