Fe基非晶纳米晶电弧喷涂层的摩擦磨损行为

利用超电弧喷涂技术在20#钢基体上制备含有非晶纳米晶的铁基涂层。采用扫描电镜分析涂层的组织形貌,用X射线衍射分析涂层的相结构,并对涂层与基体20#钢在干摩擦条件下的摩擦学性能进行对比研究。结果表明:Fe基非晶纳米晶涂层中含有非晶相和纳米相,孔隙率较低,具有较高的硬度;相同条件下,涂层的摩擦因数较小,磨损量较小,涂层的耐磨性优于20#钢;20#钢基体的磨损失效形式为黏着磨损,而Fe基非晶纳米晶涂层的失效形式开始时是疲劳磨损,随着粒子的脱落,失效形式就变为磨粒磨损。     

TiN涂层在一般零件表面的摩擦磨损性能

摩擦磨损现象存在于各类机械设备中,造成了很大的经济损失。选用了一般零件最常用的45#钢作为实验材料,研究45#钢表面沉积TiN涂层后,在摩擦磨损试验机上的摩擦磨损性能。通过实验比较不同载荷、不同转速对TiN涂层的摩擦磨损性能影响,由结果显示,TiN涂层不能降低摩擦系数,但能有效降低基体表面的磨损率。     

对偶材料对树脂基摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

分别以45#钢、铍青铜、碳化硅颗粒基体改性铍青铜、氧化铝涂层为对偶材料与同一种树脂基摩擦材料在MM1000-II型摩擦磨损试验机上进行干式摩擦磨损试验,研究对偶材料对树脂基摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响;利用偏光显微镜观察材料磨损后的表面微观形貌。结果表明:氧化铝涂层对偶材料的磨损率最低,摩擦因数适中,但摩擦因数稳定性较差;对偶材料为45#钢时摩擦因数较低,但摩擦因数的稳定系最好;对偶材料为铍青铜时摩擦磨损性能最佳,摩擦因数较高且稳定性较好,铍青铜本身和与之匹配的摩擦材料的磨损率都很低,且摩擦表面均没有形成孔洞和犁沟;改性铍青铜在各方面都表现出较差的性能。     

油管涂层的摩擦学性能实验研究

为了治理有杆泵井的管杆偏磨问题,在油管上喷涂了一层耐磨防腐涂层,并对比研究了抽油杆和油田常用的油管摩擦副及喷涂耐磨涂层后的油管摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:与45#钢对磨时,N80的耐磨性要比J55好;当45#钢与J55涂层油管对磨时,J55涂层油管的耐磨性比J55油管提高了5倍,并且配对的45#钢的磨损量也降低了1/2;因此45#钢与J55油管涂层配合使用时防偏磨效果十分理想。     

激光熔覆WC/Ni60B涂层磨损析出强化研究

采用激光熔覆的方法,以45#钢为基体,Ni60B自熔性合金粉末为基体相,微米和纳米WC-12%Co为增强相,研究制备了WC-12%Co颗粒增强金属基复合涂层.采用MM-200环块磨损试验机,对熔覆涂层在干摩擦滑动磨损条件下进行相同载荷不同磨损距离的磨损试验,分析了涂层在干摩擦磨损中的析出现象.试验结果表明:磨损后,2种熔覆涂层的表面显微硬度均比磨损前有所提高;磨损过程中,熔覆涂层中有析出现象;析出相有望改善涂层的磨损性能.     

镍基Si3N4复合镀层的摩擦磨损特性

通过复合电镀法制备了N i-Si3N4和N i-P-Si3N4两种复合镀层,分别与热处理45#钢组成摩擦副,进行环-环摩擦磨损试验,测试了摩擦因数和磨损量,并观察了磨损表面形貌,探讨了摩擦副的摩擦磨损机理。结果表明,N i-P-Si3N4/45#钢摩擦副的摩擦因数较小,磨损量低,具有良好的减摩耐磨性能。镀层基体的性能明显影响复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能。磨料磨损是N i-Si3N4/45#钢摩擦副的主要磨损形式,导致45#钢的磨损量增大;N i-P-Si3N4镀层对Si3N4颗粒具有良好的把持力,避免了磨料磨损的产生,摩擦副处于稳定的边界润滑摩擦状态。     

等离子弧表面淬火钢件的摩擦特性及耐蚀性

采用等离子弧表面淬火方法对45#钢和38CrMoA lA合金结构钢进行表面硬化处理,硬化深度分别为0.311和0.388 mm。在球-盘式摩擦磨损实验机上研究不同速度和载荷条件下,上述两种钢件的摩擦磨损特性。采用SEM观测磨损后涂层的表面形貌,探讨涂层的摩擦磨损机制。研究发现:38CrMoA lA硬化层表面硬度比45#钢高,且淬硬带无明显的硬度梯度;38CrMoA lA的磨损率低于45#钢,且随载荷和速度的增加而增加;不同载荷条件下,磨粒磨损、塑性流动和黏着磨损控制摩擦过程;38CrMoA lA的耐蚀性优于45#钢。     

时间效应对45~#钢-铸铁摩擦副在自修复添加剂作用下摩擦磨损性能的影响

利用MMU-5G型端面摩擦磨损试验机,研究了在自修复添加剂作用下,时间对45#钢-铸铁摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响及其机制.验证了45#钢与铸铁匹配时摩擦表面形成自修复膜的能力,研究了铸铁的摩擦磨损性能及自修复膜形成情况,借助SEM和EDS观察分析摩擦表面形貌及成分组成.结果表明:时间效应对45#钢-铸铁摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响显著,铸铁试样的磨损失重损失低于45#钢,摩擦磨损时间为10 h时,45#钢试样表面生成自修复膜,而铸铁表面未观察有修复膜的生成,添加剂对铸铁的减摩和耐磨效应显著.     

底层硬质合金间隔分布自润滑涂层的制备及其摩擦磨损性能研究

为了提高45钢的减摩和润滑性能,选择石墨和YG8硬质合金棒作为电极材料,利用电火花沉积在45钢基体表面制备底层硬质合金间隔分布的自润滑涂层,使用扫描电子显微镜、Image J软件以及EDS对涂层形貌、组成成分进行观察和研究,利用HSR-2M型摩擦磨损试验机进行摩擦磨损试验,分析了相同条件下自润滑涂层、基体和石墨涂层的摩擦磨损性能以及不同条件下自润滑涂层的摩擦磨损性能。厚度75μm、表面粗糙度1.679μm的自润滑涂层均匀、致密,摩擦系数和磨损量相较于基体和石墨涂层明显下降。在载荷为40N和往复摩擦频率为400t/min时,自润滑涂层的摩擦系数最小分别为0.213和0.225。研究结果表明,涂层的耐磨性和润滑性能受底层硬质合金、往复摩擦频率以及载荷的影响,原因是底层硬质合金层不仅能为顶层石墨涂层提供支撑,同时还能与石墨结合生成新的润滑膜,提高自润滑涂层的耐磨性和润滑性。     

氧化镧掺杂对等离子喷涂Al_2O_3-40%TiO_2涂层组织和耐磨性能的影响

在45#钢基体上大气等离子喷涂制备了Al2O3-40%TiO2(AT40)以及添加不同含量La2O3稀土的陶瓷涂层,利用X射线衍射和扫描电镜对涂层的组织结构和形貌进行了研究,并分析了涂层的显微硬度和磨损性能.研究结果表明:添加稀土的AT40涂层主要是由Al2O3、Al2TiO5和LaAl11O8相组成.基体与粘结层以及陶瓷层与粘结层之间形成良好的机械结合界面.添加稀土的涂层孔隙率降低,显微硬度和断裂韧性略有增加.在相同的摩擦磨损试验条件下,稀土/AT40涂层比AT40涂层具有更好的耐磨性,磨损机制都主要是脆性剥落磨损和粘着磨损.     

Tribological behavior of Fe-based bulk metallic glass

The unlubricated tribological characteristics of coating layers containing an Fe-based amorphous matrix have been investigated in air using an alumina ball with a diameter of 3.1 mm. From the ball-on-disk test system, the friction coefficient could be measured for up to 3,000 seconds. The temperature changes on the worn surfaces were also simultaneously measured using an infrared thermometer. Three different types of coating layers having an Fe-based amorphous matrix, an Fe-based amorphous matrix with embedded Ni-based self-fluxing alloy particles, and an Fe-based amorphous matrix with embedded WC particles were prepared through a high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) process. Although the coating layers have certain levels of porosity, unique frictional characteristics attributed to the amorphous matrix were observed during the friction tests. Compared with conventional bearing steels such as AISI 521000 (Hv=840), excellent tribological and wear characteristics were obtained, demonstrating that an Fe-based bulk metallic glass powder is a viable engineering material for practical anti-wear coating applications.     

铁基非晶合金涂层切削工艺参数优化和切削力预测

采用响应曲面法中的Box-Behnken 实验设计方法（BBD）,设计出四因素三水平的Fe基非晶合金涂层切削力实验方案,研究切削参数（切削速度、进给量和切削深度）和刀具结构参数的变化对Fe基非晶合金涂层切削力的影响规律和影响因素,运用方差分析法获取了影响切削力分量的显著性水平,得到低切削速度下Fe基非晶合金涂层的最佳切削工艺参数。通过对实验数据的多元二次拟合,建立了Fe基非晶合金切削力最小二乘回归预测模型,并通过实例验证了Fe基非晶合金涂层切削力预测模型的可行性和实用性。     

Microstructure and Wear Behaviors of Plasma-Sprayed FeCrNiMoCBSi Coating with Nano-Grain Dispersed Amorphous Phase in Reciprocating Sliding Contact

A novel FeCrNiMoCBSi amorphous/nanocrystalline coating was fabricated using a plasma spraying process. The coating was dense with a low porosity of approximately 0.99%. The coating consisted of a 67.8 vol% amorphous phase coupled with many nanocrystalline grains that were approximately 5?nm in diameter. The mechanical properties of the as-sprayed coating were determined by nanoindentation measurement, and the tribological behaviors were systematically investigated in a reciprocating sliding contact. The results show that FeCrNiMoCBSi coatings possess superior wear resistance compared to other typically similar Fe-based amorphous coatings. The tribological behaviors evolve with the combination of normal load and sliding velocity. Herein, the dominant wear mechanisms are delamination wear and oxidation wear. With an increase in normal load and sliding velocity, the abrasive wear is gradually weakened, the formation of oxide films on the worn surfaces is facilitated, and wear debris is ground to powder. The oxide films suffer from fatigue wear with induced cracks undergoing reciprocating sliding effects.     

Development of a new wear resistant coating by arc spraying of a steel-based cored wire

In the present study, a cored wire of 304 L stainless steel as sheath material and NiB and WC-12Co as filler materials was designed and deposited to produce a new wear resistant coating containing amorphous phase by arc spraying. The microstructure of the coating was investigated. The porosity and hardness of the coating were determined. The wear performance of the coating was evaluated. The XRD and TEM analyses showed that there are high volume of amorphous phase and very fine crystalline grains in the coating. DTA measurements revealed that the crystallization of the amorphous phase occurred at 579.2°C. Because metallurgical processes for single droplets were non-homogenous during spraying, the lamellae in the coating have different hardness values, which lie between about 700 and 1250 HV_{100 g}. The abrasive wear test showed that the new Fe-based coating was very wear resistant.     

AZ91D镁合金直接化学镀镍性能研究

研究了以硫酸镍作为镍源在AZ91D镁合金表面直接化学镀镍工艺,并用SEM观察镀层的表面形貌,用Leica显微硬度计测试了镀层的显微硬度,用Chi660电化学测量系统和盐雾箱研究了镀层的耐蚀性能,Table检测其磨损性能,结果表明,所得镀层致密,光亮,结合力好,可有效地保护镁合金.     

镁合金表面再制造AlCoTi非晶涂层组织及力学性能研究

采用高速电弧喷涂技术在AZ91镁合金表面制备了高非晶含量AlCoTi涂层,研究了涂层显微组织、力学性能、摩擦磨损及电化学腐蚀性能。结果表明,涂层呈典型的层状结构,其结构紧凑,与镁合金基体结合良好,孔隙率约为1.63%。涂层的组织主要由非晶相、纳米结构的α-Al和Al3Ti相组成。相比于AZ91镁合金,AlCoTi非晶涂层具有更高的显微硬度和耐磨性能：涂层的显微硬度约为511.3Hv0.1,远高于AZ91镁合金(62Hv0.1);在相同的磨损条件下,非晶涂层相对耐磨性约为晶体结构AZ91镁合金的3.9倍,其主要磨损机制为脆性剥落。在0.6 mol/L NaCl溶液中,非晶涂层自腐蚀电位、自腐蚀电流密度和电荷转移电阻分别为-0.696V、0.741 8μA/cm²和33 660?·cm²,明显优于AZ91镁合金的-1.392V、769.3μA/cm²和1 914?·cm²。通过对镁合金表面不同防护涂层的电化学腐蚀性能和显微硬度比较分析,本研究为镁合金提供一种低成本、高性能的涂层材料及再制造关键技术。     

TC4钛合金表面黑色转化膜的制备与性能

利用表面改性技术,研究了黑色转化膜制备工艺。用扫描电镜分析了膜层的形貌,用显微硬度计、TPE盐雾试验箱等检测了膜层的硬度、耐蚀性能。结果表明,获得的黑色转化膜的膜层是均匀、稳定、多孔性的。与基体相比,显微硬度和耐腐蚀性能有显著提高,满足了武器装备中钛合金附件表面改性处理的要求。     

小型非晶三相感应电机铁芯的性能

以常见的小型三相异步电机为研究对象,建立了三相异步电机模型,并用铁基非晶材料和硅钢材料分别制作了异步电机的定子铁芯,研究了非晶铁芯与硅钢铁芯的性能和特点。采用软磁交流测试系统对两种材料制成的铁芯进行了交流损耗和矫顽力的测试,测试结果显示:在相同的频率和磁感应强度下,非晶铁芯损耗仅为传统硅钢铁芯损耗的1/3左右,而其剩磁仅为传统铁芯剩磁的1/4,表明非晶铁芯的损耗和矫顽力远小于硅钢铁芯的损耗和矫顽力,且工作频率越高,二者数据差别越大,说明非晶材料较硅钢材料具有更优异的软磁性。建立了三相异步电机的有限元分析模型,对非晶合金铁芯电机和传统硅钢铁芯电机进行了有限元求解。结果显示,采用非晶定子铁芯的电机比传统采用硅钢定子铁芯的电机更加高效节能。该研究成果为深入开展铁基非晶材料在异步电机中的应用提供了参考。     

Experimental investigations of cutting parameters influence on cutting forces in turning of Fe-based amorphous overlay for remanufacture

Fe-based amorphous alloy is a new-type material dedicated to the remanufacture due to its unique property. Fe-based amorphous alloy is deposited on the abrased, fatigued, and fractured surface for resuming and upgrading its performance. In the present research, properties of amorphous alloy overlay, such as the microstructure, the phase content, thermal behavior, and mechanical property were evaluated and its machinability with respect to machining forces was experimentally investigated. Based on the response surface methodology and Box–Behnken design, four-factor (cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, and rake angle) three-level experiments were applied and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed. It is found that depth of cut is the dominant cutting parameter that affects the machining force components. Rake angle and interaction of feed rate and depth of cut can provide secondary significance to machining forces. Cutting speed, alone, has insignificant influence on machining force components. Predicting model for machining forces is established. ANOVA indicates that a linear model best fits the radial force and while a quadratic model best describes the axial force and cutting force. The optimal cutting parameters under these experimental conditions are searched.     

Influence of undercoating on rolling contact fatigue performance of Fe-based coating

The aim of this paper was to address the influence of undercoating on the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) performance of coatings. The Fe-based alloy and Ni/Al alloy were deposited on substrates as surface coating and undercoating by plasma spraying. The failure modes were investigated for two kinds of coatings. RCF performances were compared using Weibull distribution plot. The results showed undercoating played an important role on increasing RCF life of coating for the higher bond strength, and decreasing the scatter of RCF life data. The deposited undercoating could influence the failure mode of coating and prevent the occurrence of catastrophic delamination.