钛合金叶片等温精锻时晶粒尺寸的数值模拟

将有限元法与Yada微观组织模型结合 ,对TC6合金叶片在等温锻造过程中初生α晶粒尺寸的演变进行了数值模拟 ,详细给出了TC6合金叶片在等温锻造过程中初生α相的分布及晶粒尺寸的变化。研究结果表明 :压下量、变形温度和打击速度对初生α晶粒尺寸有显著影响 ,工件与模具间的摩擦对初生α晶粒尺寸的影响较小。     

单榫头叶片精锻三维热力耦合有限元模拟

叶片是航空发动机中一类量大面广的重要零件,精锻是叶片锻造的发展趋势。叶片精锻过程属于高温大变 形过程,坯料与模具和环境之间存在着热交换,同时塑性变形功以及坯料和模具间的摩擦功不断转化为热能,其结 果促使坯料内的温度场不断发生变化,进而影响到坯料的变形行为,并进一步影响锻件的微观组织及机械性能。因 此,本文采用三维热力耦合有限元数值模拟技术,利用自行开发的叶片锻造过程三维刚粘塑性热力耦合有限元模拟 系统对单榫头叶片精锻过程进行了模拟分析,研究了叶片精锻成形规律。该研究对制定叶片精锻工艺以及发展叶 片精锻技术具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。     

单榫头叶片叶身精锻成形规律

利用自行开发的叶片锻造过程三维刚粘塑性有限元模拟系统对单榫头叶片精锻过程进行了模拟分析,揭示了其叶身精锻成形规律,并以塑泥为模拟材料,采用物理模拟的方法对其进行了试验验证。三维有限元数值模拟结果与物理模拟结果的良好吻合表明了单榫头叶片精锻过程三维数值模拟结果的可靠性。该研究对叶片精锻过程的预成形毛坯的优化设计具有重要的指导意义。     

基于知识的叶片锻造转角设计研究

针对传统叶片锻造转角设计方法的局限性,通过构建基于知识的叶片锻造转角设计的总体框架,并对叶片锻造转角设计的知识来源进行获取(锻造转角确定工艺原则、数值模拟分析数据),并对叶片锻造转角的设计过程创建了新的知识建模。依据知识工程技术和产品设计开发技术,通过集成行业专家的设计经验和知识,对汽轮机叶片锻造转角的设计进行研究,提出了汽轮机叶片锻造转角设计的新方法,增强产品的开发能力,加快设计进程,提高叶片设计效率。     

基于数值模拟的叶片毛坯径向锻造成型分析

基于Simufact.Forming径向锻造模块对某叶片毛坯锻造成形过程进行数值模拟分析,研究了径向锻坯到叶片模锻的成型过程,获得了叶片锻坯在径向锻造过程中等效应变以及锻流线分布规律。深入分析锻坯锻透性,并对径锻成形过程进行理论计算和试验验证。结果表明:适当提高相对压下率能使锻坯变形均匀,采用拉打径向锻造方式能够有效保证锻坯成型的尺寸精度,得到的叶片锻坯模锻充型效果较好,飞边分布均匀,锻坯心部等效应力在锻打时有规律地发生波动,旋转锻打使金属材料沿周向流动,锻流线的扭转角与旋转角相一致,锻坯质量较好,无明显缺陷。     

叶轮半固态挤压锻造过程数值模拟

采用DEFORM3D软件对叶轮的半固态挤压锻造过程进行了数值模拟,获得了叶轮成形的主要参数变化规律.结果表明:半固态挤压锻造法可以完成叶轮的成形;叶轮的成形可分为三个阶段,叶片主要是依靠材料的挤压完成成形的,在叶片成形的中期,坯料内部尤其是叶片根部存在着变形不均匀现象,而在叶片成形后期,挤压力急剧增大,最终挤压力为2 780 kN.     

叶片锻造过程模拟与工艺优化

模锻锤锻造具有灵活、成型速度快、生产效率高、生产成本低等优点,现探索高温合金叶片在模锻锤上的成型方式,探究锤锻叶片的合理生产工艺。利用刚黏塑性有限元法对叶片锤锻过程进行了有限元数值模拟,分析得到导致锻件局部充填不足的原因,即预制坯形状尺寸不合理和下料规格过小。根据锻造缺陷分析结果,提出了避免局部充填不足缺陷出现的工艺方案,即优化预制坯形状、增加下料重量,并对优化方案进行数值模拟,模拟结果证明优化方案可有效避免锻件未充满缺陷的产生。     

单榫头叶片锻造过程成形缺陷分析

折叠和模腔充不满是锻造过程中常见的成形缺陷 ,利用自行开发的叶片锻造过程三维刚粘塑性有限元模拟分析软件 ,通过对叶片锻造过程不同截面金属流动规律的三维有限元模拟分析 ,可以预测叶片锻造过程成形缺陷折叠和充不满的形成。通过改变毛坯尺寸和成形工艺参数 ,可以消除这些成形缺陷的产生 ,并获得合格叶片锻件。该研究对其它种类叶片锻造过程中成形缺陷的分析具有一定的指导意义     

基于Deform-3D的叶片转接R的研究分析

针对汽轮机叶片倒圆处曲面造型困难,叶身与叶根连接处转接R的设计难度大、几何精度要求高等问题,以叶片锻件为研究对象,通过滚动球模型进行叶片过渡圆角的设计,并构建基于Deform的叶片模锻有限元模型。应用数值模拟技术对叶片过渡圆角进行叶片锻造成型过程分析,得到叶片转接R处应力应变的模拟结果,比较不同叶片转接R条件下最大成型应力、锻造载荷、侧向力的变化,及模具受到的影响,对叶片转接R的大小和锻模的设计具有参考价值。     

叶片锻造技术的现状与发展趋势探讨

通过分析叶片锻造成形技术的现状 ,对其发展趋势进行了探讨。介绍了叶片锻造过程的计算机模拟技术、智能技术在叶片锻造工艺设计中的应用前景以及叶片锻模 CAD/ CAM,并对存在的一些问题进行了详细的讨论     

汽车发电机磁极精锻成形三维有限元模拟和工艺优化

简述了汽车发电机磁极几种典型成形工艺。基于Abaqus通用有限元软件,应用三维刚粘塑性有限元显式算法对磁极精锻成形过程进行了模拟分析,得出了变形中材料的流动状态和等效塑性应变分布规律。根据有限元模拟分析结果对磁极精锻成形工艺参数、模具结构进行了优化设计,并进行了磁极精锻成形工艺试验。试验验证了有限元模拟分析结果,并精锻成形出合格的汽车发电机磁极产品。     

锻压变形工艺参数对锻模模膛充填性的研究

针对锻模模膛充填困难的特点,以2A12铝合金为研究对象,以棒料模锻后的充填高度为控制目标,采用有限元数值模拟和虚拟试验相结合的方法,模拟模锻过程,分析坯料的变形行为,讨论温度、应变、应变速率等的变化和分布情况,研究不同工艺参数对模膛充填性的影响。结合正交试验与有限元数值模拟技术,对模膛充填性的影响因素进行研究,得出模膛充填能力影响因素的主次顺序、各因素的影响趋势及最优搭配方案。同时以纯铅为模拟材料,对模锻过程进行物理模拟。     

Optimization of the forging of aerofoil blade using the finite element method and fuzzy-Pareto based genetic algorithm

In this research non-isothermal forging process of an aerofoil blade was simulated using 3-dimentional finite element method. Then an optimization approach integrated with the finite element method has been applied to optimize the blade forging process. Preform shape and angular position of the die parting line were optimized in order to minimize the flash volume, strain non-uniformity and lateral forces generated during the forging operation. The optimization method includes the finite element approach and the response surface method for the formulation of the objective functions. Using the multi-objective genetic algorithm, Pareto front of global optimal solutions was generated. Then a fuzzy-based membership value assignment method was used to select the best compromise solution. The simulation of the blade forging process was verified by experimental test. Results show that the numerical results and experimental tests have a good agreement. Waste material and lateral forces generated during the forging operation is decreased with optimization method significantly. Therefore the proposed approach is an appropriate method for multi-objective optimization of the forging process of aerofoil blades.     

The prediction of maximum forging load and effective stress for different material of bevel gear forging

The manufacture of gears by applying hot or cold bulk forming processes is a quite widespread production method due to its well-known basic advantages such as material and time cost reduction and the increased strength of the teeth. However, the associated process planning and tool design are more complicated. In the precision forging of gears, the workpiece volume, the die design, the power requirement and careful processing are more critical than traditional forging technology. For complete filling up, predicting the power requirement is an important feature of the near net-shape forging process. In this paper, a finite element analysis is utilized to investigate the material properties such as yielding stress, strength coefficient and strain hardening exponent effects on forming load and maximum effective stress. The adductive network was then applied to synthesize the data set obtained from the numerical simulation. The predicted results of the maximum forging load and maximum equivalent stress of bevel gear forging from the prediction model are consistent with the results obtained from FEM simulation quite well. After employing the prediction model one can provide valuable references in prediction of the maximum forging load and maximum equivalent stress of bevel gear forging under a suitable range of material parameters.     

Prediction of deformation behavior and microstructure evolution in heavy forging by FEM

A numerical simulation of multi-stage heavy forging process using the finite element method (FEM) is presented in this study. The process of heavy forging is highly non-linear, where both microstructure and boundary conditions are altered by plastic deformation during forming. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the problem of plastic deformation in heavy forging. In order to investigate deformation behavior and microstructure evolution in heavy forging, a constitutive equation considering the effects of strain hardening and dynamic softening of the IN718 alloy is built. The constitutive equation and microstructure models are implemented into the finite element code to simulate deformation behavior and microstructure evolution in the rotary forging of heavy container head. As a result, variations of flow stress, effective strain, temperature, damage, and grain size in every stage are predicted.     

Numerical simulation of fine-blanking process using a mixed finite element method

In order to achieve a more intensive understanding of the forming mechanism of the fine-blanking process, a numerical simulation has been carried out by using a mixed displacement/pressure (u/p) finite element method. According to the special requirement of the fine-blanking technique, the major process attributes, such as the vee-ring, the ejector and the edge radii of tools, have been taken into account in the finite element model. The punch–die clearance was set to 0.5% of the thickness of the workpiece. To verify the effectiveness of the simulation, the equivalent strain on the sheared surface of a SS400 steel specimen has been determined experimentally. The experimental values of the equivalent strain have been estimated by measuring the relative displacements of the local grids pre-etched on the meridian plane of the specimen. The results of the finite element simulation are in proper agreement with the experimental findings. The distributions of the shear stress and the equivalent plastic strain have been computed for discussion. Moreover, a diagram of the blanking force versus the punch penetration has also been constructed. In order to investigate the fracture mechanism in the fine-blanking process, the concept of damage mechanics has been applied. By using a void growth model, the evolution of damage at different stages of the fine-blanking has been evaluated. It has been realized that the compressive hydrostatic stress built up by the fine-blanking fixture plays an important role to suppress the initiation of macrocracks.     

筒形件强力旋压有限元模拟研究

筒形件强力旋压是一种连续的局部复杂变形过程。采用动态显式有限元程序LS-DY-NA3D对筒形件强力旋压进行了三维有限元模拟,对有限元建模关键问题进行了研究,通过试验验证了有限元模型的合理性。以旋压力和最大等效应力为研究对象,研究了工艺参数和模型参数对模拟结果的影响。模拟结果和实验结果具有较好的一致性。     

销类件摆辗精密成形及三维有限元模拟

介绍销类件冷拔摆辗精密成形工艺,对工艺参数的确定、产品质量和变形机理的有限元模拟等问题进行了研究。实验表明采用摆辗工艺生产销类件,金属流线不被破坏,表面硬度略有升高,尺寸精度和表面粗糙度达到有关标准要求,综合机械性能有所提高,是一种先进的销类件精密成形工艺。采用三维有限元模拟摆辗变形过程,可以获得接触区和工件内部应力应力场等信息,为控制变形过程,保证产品质量提供理论依据。     

Hot shape forging of gas turbine disk using microstructure prediction and finite element analysis

The Waspaloy, a Ni-based superalloy, has been widely used for forging material of gas turbine disk since it requires the high tensile strength at high temperature and good resistance to low cycle fatigue. The purpose of this study is to develop a forging process of turbine disk that satisfies the hot deformation characteristics of Waspaloy. Generally, the hot forging of superalloy has been subjected to isothermal forging since the available temperature range of forging is narrow. However, the non-isothermal forging was used to make a turbine disk in this study. Therefore, the analyses of temperature variation and deformation behavior of the material were important to obtain the sound forging products. The hot compression test was carried out to know formability at high temperature and microstructure evolution during hot deformation. In order to define the optimum forging conditions including material temperature, strain rate, strain, microstructure evolution and forging load, the commercial finite element analysis code was used to simulate the forging procedure of turbine disk. The hot forged turbine disk was heat-treated for obtaining the high temperature properties. The cut-off tests on the heat-treated forged disks were carried out. Experimental results were compared with the simulation results by FE analysis. Test results were in good agreement with the simulations. This study shows that the superalloy turbine disk can be manufactured by the semi-closed die forging.     

连续 ECAP 大应变的数值模拟研究

基于刚塑性有限元理论,采用有限元软件DEFORM-3D对5052铝合金连续ECAP(Equal Channel Angular Pressing)大应变成形过程进行了三维数值模拟研究,研究了工件的变形过程以及应变均匀性,温度的分布规律。模拟结果表明,金属变形剧烈部位主要集中模具的拐角区域,该区域的等效应变呈层状分布,而且变化梯度较大并且温度最高。模拟结果对实际生产具有很好的指导作用。