反作用飞轮驱动电机的电磁设计

为解决反作用飞轮用永磁无刷直流电机的电磁设计问题,提出了一种采用有限元法与磁路法相结合方式进行电机电磁设计的目标设计法。根据飞轮电机有效电磁气隙宽、径长比大的结构特点,推导了电枢尺寸与机械特性、有效电磁气隙、径长比等参数间的关系表达式,得到新的电枢尺寸计算公式;利用磁场逆问题求解策略结合等效气隙磁通密度方法,给出磁钢尺寸的计算模型;最后描述了整个电磁设计过程。与一台最高转速为6000r/min、角动量为5Nms的反作用飞轮驱动电机的对比验证表明,该方法最大设计误差为2.89%,精度较高。该方法不受传统方法取值思想的限制,目标明确,速度快,适用于大的有效电磁气隙,大径长比结构的飞轮电机的电磁设计。     

用于卫星姿控的动量飞轮盘式电动机设计

为适应微小卫星的尺寸,提高飞轮的转动惯量/质量比,实现姿控飞轮的轻量化,设计了一种飞轮用盘式永磁无刷直流电动机(简称盘式电动机).根据飞轮转动惯量要求设计盘式电动机的整体结构,确定电枢直径比;通过对盘式电动机磁路的分析,推导磁钢尺寸与气隙长度的关系;采用有限元法确定磁极对数,给出等效气隙磁通密度计算方法;通过建立绕组参数与盘式电动机额定数据间的关系,给出绕组设计公式并进行仿真分析.根据此方法设计加工了一台飞轮样机,并对此样机进行实验验证.结果表明,感应电动势计算值与实测值最大误差为6.3％,证明了设计方法的正确性.     

电磁轴承磁场计算的磁路法优化

介绍电磁轴承磁场计算和转子受力特性分析的磁路法和有限元法。基于上述两种方法,详细地计算了考虑铁磁材料磁阻及其非线性因数的电磁轴承磁场,讨论了两种方法计算结果的差异。参考有限元法的计算结果,对计算电磁轴承磁场的磁路法进行了优化。优化后的电磁轴承磁路法简单、准确,具有工程应用价值。     

磁悬浮飞轮用永磁偏置磁轴承漏磁分析

磁悬浮飞轮用永磁偏置磁轴承的定转子气隙间存在漏磁现象,为了准确计算漏磁的大小,从而精确地对磁轴承进行磁路设计,利用有限元法对该现象进行了分析.通过ANSYS软件针对一台磁悬浮飞轮样机用径向磁轴承的磁场分布进行分析,提出了一种等效气隙漏磁系数的计算方法,得到样机用磁轴承的漏磁系数.样机试验结果表明,用这一方法计算得到的漏磁系数进行磁轴承参数设计及性能分析具有足够的精度,能够满足实际工程需要.     

微小卫星用陶瓷轴承脂润滑姿控飞轮的性能试验

为解决微小卫星姿态控制执行元件—姿控飞轮的轻量化、高效支撑及润滑问题,提出了应用脂润滑陶瓷轴承为微小卫星姿控飞轮提供支撑和润滑的方法。试验研究了陶瓷轴承脂润滑姿控飞轮的启动、摩擦功耗、温度特性、抗振动性能及寿命特性,试验结果显示:与同型号钢制球轴承相比,陶瓷球轴承在静态摩擦力矩及功耗方面性能更优良,可以有效减小姿控飞轮的启动电流和摩擦功耗。陶瓷轴承脂润滑姿控飞轮在-30～50℃具有良好的启动性能,低于卫星最低工作温度20℃时仍能保持良好的启动特性,无冷焊问题,完全满足卫星发射时抵抗振动的要求。振动试验后的姿控飞轮在4年的地面真空试验中功耗电流变化率在有真空度和温度变化的影响下小于1%,验证了陶瓷轴承脂润滑姿控飞轮使用寿命优于4年,满足国内微小卫星对姿控飞轮轻量化和使用寿命的要求。     

姿控飞轮控制系统设计及转速过零分析

为了缩短姿控飞轮控制系统的设计周期和快速验证设计方案的可行性及有效性,在分析姿控飞轮电机本体数学模型的基础上,结合该姿控飞轮控制系统所采用的加速控制、制动控制、换相控制,建立了姿控飞轮控制系统模型。并针对姿控飞轮的共性问题：飞轮过零的力矩抖动,以速度模式下的指令响应为例分析了调压调速控制方式与调压调速结合反接制动方式下的飞轮速度、电流、端电压以及力矩响应。通过分析,结果表明：0.025Hz的速度指令下,调压调速结合反接制动方式具有更好的过零响应。     

基于有限功率的太阳能飞轮储能系统研究

针对传统光伏电池供电功率小且不稳定无法常规驱动异步电动机拖动飞轮高速运转的问题,对光伏电池的供电规律、飞轮储能系统的原理和特点、电机的运行特性等方面进行了研究,提出了一种基于功率追踪模型的控制系统,利用系统中的功率追踪模型计算出了需要的控制参数,结合矢量控制方法对电动机进行了功率控制,该模型可以根据检测到的电池输入功率的变化不断地修正控制参数,从而形成动态控制达到了功率追踪的目的,在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立了仿真模型并且进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明,该系统能够时时地检测光伏电池的输入功率,电机的电磁功率能够有效地追踪输入功率,并且电机能够拖动飞轮以较高速度运转,响应速度快且控制性能良好,达到了功率控制的目的,具有可行性与实际性。     

U型无铁心永磁直线电机样机设计与研究

设计了一种在大行程精密定位台中运用到的U型无铁心永磁直线电机。在分析该电机定子磁路和动子绕组的设计特点的基础上,采用Maxwell 2D Transient求解器模块,对电机磁路特性和电机在空载与负载两种工况下主要特性进行分析,得到了电机空载反电动势、电机磁链、定位力特性和电磁推力。通过对电机进行理论和有限元分析,在此基础上设计制造了试验样机,避免了传统设计方法的盲目性、高成本、周期长的弱点。     

大位移角振动台的气隙磁场动静态特性分析

针对电机驱动式角振动台气隙磁场不均匀和输出大位移时波形失真大的问题,提出了一种径向磁通磁路结构的大位移角振动台,对其气隙磁场动静态特性进行优化分析。基于等效磁化强度法,在极坐标系下建立气隙磁感应强度的解析表达式,通过有限元法验证该方法的有效性,进一步分析了永磁体厚度、永磁体扇形角及气隙厚度对静态气隙磁场的影响规律;通过瞬态有限元法仿真分析了0.01、0.1和1 Hz 3个频率点上外磁环固定不动而永磁体和内磁芯转动的气隙磁场动态特性,定量分析了相对运动对气隙磁感应强度的影响规律;将优化后的磁路参数用于大位移角振动台样机中,测试结果表明,气隙平均磁感应强度及其分布规律和理论计算结果相吻合;研究方法对角振动台径向磁通磁路的理论分析与优化设计具有重要意义。     

一种无感应磁极的双余度转弯驱动电机设计与分析

双余度转弯驱动电机作为飞机的起落架伺服系统，具有容错性强、相应速度快的特点。通过将霍尔位置传感器与电机的定子进行集成化设计，提出一种无感应磁极双余度转弯驱动电机结构。利用有限元法对电机单通道和双通道的工作性能进行仿真分析，得到负载机械特性曲线。最后通过一台样机试验，验证了该双余度转弯驱动电机设计方法的有效性。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.