斜盘轴向柱塞泵配流副流固耦合润滑机理研究

当斜盘轴向柱塞泵处于高压工况时，其配流盘会产生翘曲变形。基于弹性流体动力润滑理论，建立斜盘轴向柱塞泵配流副流固耦合模型，求解配流副润滑控制方程，分析了斜盘轴向柱塞泵缸体转速、缸体倾角、液压油黏度、配流副油膜厚度、配流副密封带宽度等工况与结构参数对其配流盘发生翘曲变形的影响。研究显示：斜盘轴向柱塞泵配流盘变形云图以腰形槽中心连线为轴线呈现一定的对称分布；配流盘高压侧外密封带区域变形最大，配流盘低压侧外密封带区域变形最小；在相同工况下，配流盘的材料与结构影响配流副油膜厚度与形状。     

液压柱塞泵运动副磨损特性研究综述

针对液压柱塞泵的3对主要运动副:柱塞-缸体副(柱塞副)、缸体-配流盘副(配流盘副)、斜盘-滑靴副(滑靴副),对国内外围绕3对运动副磨损特性相关的研究进行了汇总和总结。柱塞泵运动副间隙的润滑形式为粘弹性动力润滑(EHL),磨损特性与油膜、介质、污染、运动副材料及表面形貌等密切相关。主要介绍了柱塞泵运动副的润滑磨损理论研究,影响磨损特性的运动副油膜特性相关研究成果,以及适用于柱塞泵运动副的磨损模型。对比分析了柱塞泵磨损特性研究常用的解析方法、仿真方法、实验方法,介绍了每种方法的优势及局限性。最后对影响柱塞泵运动副磨损特性的关键因素进行了总结,给出了有待解决的问题及研究方案。     

YCY14-1B型轴向柱塞泵的修理(二)

３．主要零件修理方法ＹＣＹ１４－１Ｂ型轴向柱塞泵主要由泵体、泵壳、柱塞滑靴组件、缸体、配流盘,以及变量活塞和伺服滑阀等组成。在工作过程中易出现故障的零部件是配流盘、柱塞滑靴组件和缸体等部分。下面分别介绍它们的故障原因及修理方法（图１为ＹＣＹ１４－１Ｂ型泵主体部分轴测图）。（１）配流盘ＹＣＹ１４－１Ｂ型柱塞泵在工作过程中经常出现的故障：建立不起压力或压力提不高、泵不出油或流量不足等。这些故障原因往往是用油不清洁,造成配流盘磨损、拉毛甚至出现烧盘现象,从而使配流盘与缸体配流平面、配流盘与泵体配流面之…     

轴向柱塞泵滑靴副润滑特性分析

滑靴副的润滑特性直接影响着轴向柱塞泵的效率和使用寿命等工作性能,而油膜厚度和承载力是其衡量润滑特性的重要指标,为此开展柱塞泵滑靴副的油膜厚度及承载力的研究。在静压支承的基础上确立了滑靴副油室压力反馈模型,根据损失功率最小求得最佳油膜厚度,计算滑靴密封带处油膜压力分布。再通过建立滑靴副三维流道模型,进行流体仿真验证压力计算数值模型。理论模型和数值分析揭示了轴向柱塞泵滑靴副油膜承载能力的变化规律,为液压源的设计和开发打下了理论基础。     

轴向柱塞泵配流副与滑靴副润滑特性试验系统的研制

论述了轴向柱塞泵配流副与滑靴副润滑特性试验系统的组成和工作原理。详细介绍了系统各部分结构和功能。通过润滑特性试验系统，可以在不同压力、温度、转速、材料、结构下测试配流副与滑靴副间隙，并得出润滑膜厚度、承载力和泄漏流量等润滑特性参数之间的关系。该润滑特性试验装置使用高精度电涡流位移传感器测量配流副与滑靴副间隙，以保证对润滑膜厚度的测量误差小于1μm。通过润滑特性测试平台还可以确定出最佳的水液压柱塞泵配流副与滑靴副润滑结构和材料配对，为研制出性能良好的轴向柱塞式水液压泵奠定坚实的实验基础。     

轴向柱塞泵配流盘摩擦副材料的磨损实验研究

轴向柱塞泵结构相对紧凑复杂,其可靠性与寿命的长短主要取决于三大摩擦副,缸体-配流盘摩擦副、缸体-柱塞摩擦副和斜盘-滑靴摩擦副,同时与该三对摩擦副的热处理工艺、加工精度以及配对材料相关,其中选用合理摩擦副材料最为重要。该文开展轴向柱塞泵缸体-配流盘摩擦副的磨损实验研究,选用缸体材料为烧结铜、ZQAL9-4,选用配流盘材料为25Cr3MoAl、18CrMnTi以及38CrMoAl,组成三对摩擦副,使用立式万能摩擦磨损试验机进行实验。结果发现以烧结铜、38CrMoAl为配对材料的摩擦副摩擦系数较低,且具有最小的磨损量,可以推荐作为轴向柱塞泵配流副材料选用,实验结果为解决配流盘磨损问题提供一定的参考性依据。     

轴向柱塞泵配流副润滑特性分析

配流副润滑特性直接影响柱塞泵的使用性能及工作特性,而油膜承载力是衡量润滑特性的重要指标,为此开展轴向柱塞泵配流副油膜承载力的研究。首先根据柱坐标下雷诺方程(Reynolds)推导配流副楔形油膜压力场模型,其次建立配流副稳态计算模型,借助CFD流场仿真软件分析油膜承载力对配流副润滑特性的重要影响。对比理论模型与仿真结果,验证理论模型的正确性,为轴向柱塞泵的性能优化奠定基础。     

油膜破裂条件下柱塞泵配流副摩擦磨损性能研究

为了探究轴向柱塞泵配流副工作过程中油膜破裂时,配流副接触情况和磨损。根据配流副在实际工况建立了配流盘与缸体摩擦副的流-热-力耦合模型和基于退化系数的磨损预测模型。分析边界润滑条件（油膜破裂）下配流副温升、应力、应变及磨损。并分析了温升对应力、应变和磨损的影响。研究结果表明：配流副接触面应力、应变随油液压力呈周期性变化。油膜破裂情况下,缸体旋转360°最大温升为30.560℃。配流盘的最大应力为90.046MPa,相较于不考虑温升应力增大了21.310MPa。且配流盘应力分层,使得配流盘变形分化,变形主要发生在配流盘排油区外密封带。通过磨损模型分析,油膜破裂下缸体旋转360°磨损量为0.0033mg,相较于不考虑温升磨损增加了0.0009mg,说明温度会加剧磨损。     

表面凹距对配流副稳态润滑特性的影响

使用倾斜方位描述法建立了考虑径向表面轮廓的油膜形状模型,利用表面形貌仪测量了配流盘径向表面轮廓,并同理想型、内凹型及内凸型三种类型缸体径向表面轮廓进行对偶配对;利用柱坐标系下稳态润滑控制方程,仿真分析三种对偶形式配流副的动压力分布并进行了试验验证,最后研究了表面凹距对稳态润滑特性的影响并给出对配流副的设计意见。     

轴向柱塞泵关键组件技术应用——据烟台艾迪液压科技有限公司专家童桂英报告整理

正斜盘式轴向柱塞泵关键组件主要有柱塞和滑靴、缸体和配流盘、回程机构、传动轴和轴承等,这些组件的关键技术如果控制不好直接影响泵的工作质量,甚至无法工作,下面基于在实际生产中遇到的问题及问题解决谈一点看法。柱塞与滑靴柱塞与滑靴需要解决的关键技术是,柱塞与缸体孔的配合间隙:滑靴与斜盘的配合间隙;柱塞与滑     

Effect of molybdenum disulphide upon the friction and wear in ceramic–steel pair

Friction and wear tests between a stationary block and a rotating ring under lubrication with molybdenum disulphide (MoS₂) were carried out at room temperature at a sliding distance of 500 m. Silicon nitride and cemented carbide blocks were pressed against a bearing steel ring, silicon nitride-bearing steel and cemented carbide-bearing steel pairs, by a load of 1600 N. The effect of molybdenum disulphide upon the coefficient of friction and the wear of the steel ring was discussed for both pairs in comparison with mineral oil lubricants. Molybdenum disulphide was more effective in reducing the coefficient of friction and the wear of the ring than the oil lubricants. Various mechanical pretreatment for forming MoS₂ film on the ring surface prior to the sliding tests were also considered. The mechanical pretreatment enabled the sliding test with the low friction coefficient even without lubrication over the sliding distance of 500 m. In general, the coefficient of friction and wear loss of the steel ring were smaller in the silicon nitride-bearing steel pair than in the cemented carbide-bearing steel pair.     

A11VLO190轴向柱塞泵柱塞副泄漏与润滑特性研究

将轴向柱塞泵柱塞副的泄漏看做偏心圆环缝隙的流动,使用Matlab进行仿真,分析得到了柱塞副泄漏量与负载压力、配合间隙、工作转速和斜盘倾角的关系。采用有限差分法求解二维雷诺方程,该文在考虑油膜动压效应和挤压效应的条件下,得到了柱塞在缸体内的倾角、柱塞自转速度、进口压力对柱塞副油膜分布压力的影响,为提高柱塞副的效率、改善润滑、减少摩擦磨损和增加使用寿命提供了一些参考意见。     

Study on Influence of Cylinder Liner Surface Texture on Lubrication Performance for Cylinder Liner–Piston Ring Components

A marine diesel engine, where the cylinder liner–piston ring (CLPR) pair is one of the most important rubbing pairs, is the heart of a marine system. Studying the lubrication characteristics of the CLPR will provide a guide for rational design of the CLPR to reduce wear and prolong its service life. The surface texture features have a significant impact on the lubricating performance of the CLPR. In this study, the tribological system of the CLPR was investigated. Different surface textures (such as different sizes of surface concaves and grooves, etc.) were designed and produced on the cylinder liners using surface treatment. A series of experimental tests were then carried out in a specially designed diesel engine tester to investigate the tribological characteristics of the treated CLPR pairs. The comparison analyses of the worn surface texture features, element content of the lubrication oil, and abrasive particle characteristics were conducted under different wear surface texture features and cylinder liner speeds. The analysis results showed that there were significant differences in the tribological and lubrication properties of the rubbing pairs in different wear surface texture features. The wear performance of the CLPR pair with a regular concave texture was superior to that of the concave and groove, and regular groove textures. In addition, the regular concave with a depth-diameter ratio of 0.1 was the most effective surface texture to improve the lubrication and wear properties of the CLPR pairs. It is believed that the knowledge obtained in this study provides the real practical basis for tribological design and manufacturing of CLPR pair in marine diesel engines.     

Effect of Bio-Lubricant and Biodiesel-Contaminated Lubricant on Tribological Behavior of Cylinder Liner–Piston Ring Combination

This article addresses the issue of friction and wear characteristics of diesel engine cylinder liner–piston ring combinations under different lubricating conditions using a pin-on-disc wear tribometer. The discs were made out of actual engine cylinder liner material using a casting process. Pins were made out of top compression ring material. The tests were conducted on a pin-on-disc tribometer for wear and friction characteristics of the cylinder liner and piston ring combination with diesel-contaminated rapeseed oil–based bio-lubricant, diesel-contaminated commercial synthetic lubrication oil (SAE 20W40), biodiesel-contaminated commercial synthetic lubrication oil (SAE 20W40), and used (150 h) commercial synthetic lubrication oil (SAE 20W40). Experimental results demonstrated that the rapeseed oil–based bio-lubricant and biodiesel-contaminated synthetic lubricant exhibited better performance in terms of wear, friction, and frictional force under similar operating conditions. Thus, usage of newly formulated bio-lubricant and biodiesel in the long run may have a positive impact on engine life.     

Friction and wear in silicon nitride-steel and cemented carbide-steel pairs in lubricated sliding

Friction and wear tests between a stationary block and a rotating ring under high contact pressure of about 200 MPa were carried out at room temperature under lubrication with a light mineral oil at a sliding distance of 500 m. The block was silicon nitride and cemented carbide, and the ring was bearing steel. The effect of phosphorus and sulphur contained in the mineral oil on the friction, the roughness of the worn surface and the wear of the steel ring is discussed in relation to both pairs. Sulphur was effective in reducing the coefficient of friction of the cemented carbide block-steel ring pair, while phosphorus was successful in decreasing the wear of the steel ring paired with the silicon nitride block. The surface analysis of the steel ring using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows that the peak intensities of sulphur or phosphorus beneath the surface depend upon the material of the counterpart, silicon nitride or cemented carbide blocks.     

斜盘式柱塞泵柱塞-缸体摩擦副的润滑计算与分析

通过对柱塞-缸体间的油膜厚度进行理论计算与分析,进一步分析柱塞-缸体间的倾角、供给压力、柱塞自转及偏心距等相关因素对油膜压力分布的影响,并从润滑角度提出改善其润滑状态、减少磨损和延长使用寿命的建议.     

仿生织构形态对缸套-活塞环摩擦学性能的影响

为了提高缸套-活塞环的摩擦学性能,设计了一种仿生排布的菱形凹坑织构,并通过激光刻蚀技术在缸套表面进行加工;在同一转速和不同载荷下,在MWF-10往复式摩擦磨损试验机上进行试验,以探究仿生排布的菱形织构对缸套-活塞环摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响,并与使用阵列排布的纹理的缸套以及未经处理的原始缸套进行比较。结果表明:织构的排布形式对油膜厚度的影响较大,尤其在重载荷工况下,合理地优化排布形式能够实现较好的动压润滑效果;仿生排布的菱形织构实现了往复运动方向上纹理特征的全覆盖,能够极大程度上限制磨屑的移动并对磨屑进行收集,有效降低磨损后的表面粗糙度,从而减少磨粒磨损;仿生排布的菱形织构在各试验工况下能够有效提高油膜厚度,提升表面承载能力,实现最佳的润滑效果。     

核电循环泵行星齿轮热弹流润滑研究

核电齿轮箱的良好润滑性能是核电循环泵可靠运行的重要保障,充分考虑齿面形貌和齿廓修形等因素对内/外啮合齿轮副的影响是准确评估其润滑特性的前提。建立典型工况下核电循环泵行星传动系统斜齿轮热弹流润滑模型,首先将斜齿轮副的啮合状态几何等效为圆锥滚子的接触问题,然后考虑斜齿轮接触变形和齿廓偏差,计算得到内/外啮合齿轮副接触区域不同位置的油膜厚度、承载压力、摩擦应力和闪温等参数。考虑齿面磨合作用,采用移动平均滤波方法对未经磨合的初始形貌进行光滑处理,分析了齿面形貌对润滑行为的影响,最后采取齿廓修形改善润滑特性。结果表明：粗糙度和齿廓修形均会对润滑特性产生明显的影响,齿面粗糙形貌会造成油膜厚度减小,进而影响其润滑特性,弱化润滑油膜的承载能力;通过齿廓修形可以改善齿轮啮合边界处的几何过渡,降低该区域的应力集中和表面温度,从而明显改善啮合线终端的润滑状态。     

柱塞泵组件球面缝隙流动特性分析

球面缝隙流动常见于多种机械结构,如柱塞泵中的球面配流副、球铰副等,然而针对球面副半径不等及存在偏心的缝隙流动特性研究较少。针对2个半径不相等的球面元件形成球面缝隙且其球心存在一定偏心时,根据球坐标系下的N-S方程对其缝隙中流体的速度分布、压力分布、泄漏流量及流体的承载量进行了分析,得到了相应的解析表达式,依此可知,半径相等且球心存在一定偏心时球面缝隙中流体的相关解析表达式;同时,得到了仅与球面缝隙流动自身结构有关的球面支撑泄漏系数和球面支撑承载系数,进一步为形成球面缝隙的机械结构(如柱塞泵中的球面配流副、球铰副等)相关设计提供理论参考;最后以柱塞泵中球铰副形成的球面缝隙为例,对其缝隙中流体的压力分布、速度分布等参数进行了分析。