车床刀架可靠性试验关键技术研究

为了对车床数控刀架进行可靠性试验,进而评估车床数控刀架的可靠性指标,设计了刀架可靠性试验的总体试验流程以及故障记录表。提出了刀架电气、液压、驱动器、间隙、接近开关、冷却系统功能检测的检测要求,分析了精度、转位时间、承载能力技术指标检测的检测方法。给出精度、转位时间、承载能力检测的试验要求和试验方法。     

浅谈高压电气设备检测试验的分类和标准

介绍了电气设备检测试验的分类,阐述了高压电气设备检测试验的有关标准,并分析了进行绝缘试验时需注意的问题。     

MOOG协调加载控制系统的传感器激励检测技术研究

很多飞机结构强度试验采用了MOOG协调加载控制系统,该系统在传感器线缆激励检测过程中难以实现实时检测。基于此,本文提出了一种传感器激励检测方法,设计了激励检测装置的内部电路以及该装置与协调加载控制系统的连接电路,对传感器激励电压信号进行实时检测。搭建了试验平台对该方法进行验证,证明该方法对试验控制回路中的电压信号检测是有效的,对试验件的安全起到了保护作用。     

自动变速器试验检测装备国内外现状分析

本文介绍了汽车自动变速器试验检测装备的发展现状,分析了我国自主研发自动变速器对试验检测装备的迫切需求,通过对比总结了国内自动变速器试验检测装备与国外的差距及未来发展方向。     

移动式汽车冷却水泵检测装置的研制

针对汽车冷却水泵的不足,设计了移动式汽车冷却水泵检测装置。对这一检测装置的标准、原理进行了介绍,从性能试验、可靠性试验、密封性试验等方面对汽车冷却水泵进行了分析。这一检测装置可以检测流量、扬程、效率、轴功率、汽蚀余量等,可以提高质量检测人员的检测效率,有利于实现第三方检测平台的标准化作业。     

重卡驱动桥在线跑合试验台的优化改进

原重卡驱动桥在线跑合试验台存在试验工序操作复杂、差速锁检测压力低、无速比检测功能等问题。通过优化机械机构、增加PLC控制、增加传感器等方案,将存在问题解决,实现了试验台的自动化和程序化,增加了试验检测功能,提高了试验效率和稳定性,并降低了试验成本。     

叉车视野检测装置的设计

主要介绍叉车视野检测装置的设计,并依据试验标准进行了相关试验验证。结果表明,该检测装置能够满足叉车视野检测要求。     

CBZ2高压齿轮泵性能检测试验研究

根据CBZ2高压齿轮泵的工作原理，研究了该泵的性能检测试验项目、质量分等及检测方法。设计了检测试验的液压系统图，试验得出功率、流量、容积效率、总效率随压力变化曲线以及随转速变化曲线。     

风电设备紧固件检测试验头的有限元分析与结构优化

针对风电设备检测紧固件试验头载状况和结构参数特点,运用有限元优化设计方法,建立了风电设备检测紧固件试验头承载的有限元分析模型,进行了静态分析,给出了紧固件试验头等位移云图,从而揭示影响风电设备检测紧固件试验头刚度的关键的结构参数,并对其重要设计参数进行了灵敏度分析。在此基础上,以珩磨头重量最小为目标,确定了重要设计参数的最优值,最终得到符合工程应用要求的风电设备检测紧固件试验头结构形状,为风电设备紧固件的检验检测优化设计提供有价值的理论参考。     

大功率风电齿轮箱轴承试验和检测技术

针对大功率风电齿轮箱轴承亟需一套完善的试验和检测技术的需求，以某机型行星轮圆锥滚子轴承为例阐述了轴承试验原理和试验方法，并在试验结束后对轴承零件进行检测。试验机传感器记录和轴承零件检测结果表明，试验过程中试验平台运行稳定，试验结束后轴承各零件接触面状况良好，无剥落、高温变色等现象，该型号轴承满足设计目的，符合相关国家标准要求，得到齿轮箱厂家的认可，证明了所采用的试验方案及检测技术的可行性。     

Effects of fixation on electrophysiology and structure of human jejunal villi

The villi of human jejunum vary in size and shape during different functional conditions. In the base the lamina propria is isotonic with blood, in the tip hyperosmotic. Here we study electrophysiological and morphological effects of incubation in hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic solutions, and to test various isotonic fixatives for microscopy. Samples of jejunal mucosae, obtained during surgery in obese patients, were studied in Ussing chambers where electrical parameters were registered during incubation in Krebs solution at various osmolarities, and during fixation in formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, or osmium tetroxide (OsO₄). The same fixatives were used for other jejunal specimens that were fixed directly for light microscopy. Morphometry was carried out to determine size and height of villi, proportion of lamina propria, and surface enlargement due to villi. Ussing chamber incubation in fluids with low osmolarity resulted in increased electrical resistance and epithelial swelling. Opposite results were obtained at high osmolality. Fixation was faster in formaldehyde than in glutaraldehyde or OsO₄. In biopsies processed directly for light microscopy the proportions of lamina propria of the mucosa, and of lamina propria of villi, were significantly larger in biopsies fixed in formaldehyde than after fixation in glutaraldehyde or OsO₄. The villus tips sometimes ended with a bleb with prominent spaces between the epithelial cells. In summary, jejunal villi swell in vitro when exposed to hypotonic solutions, and shrink in hypertonic solutions. Much of the morphological changes occurring during fixation can be related to the physiological hyperosmolar milieu in villus tips.     

Immunolocalization of S100-like protein in the brain of an emerging model organism: Nothobranchius furzeri

The S100 protein in nervous tissue appears to play important roles in regulating neuronal differentiation, glial proliferation, plasticity, development, axonal growth, and in neurogenetic processes. In fish, the adult neurogenic activity is much higher than in mammals. In this study, the localization of S100 protein was investigated in the brain of annual teleost fish, Nothobranchius furzeri, which is an emerging model organism for aging research. By immunohistochemical techniques, S100 immunoreactivity (IR) was detected in glial cells, small neurons, and fibers throughout all regions of central nervous system (CNS) with different pattern of distribution. In the telencephalon, S100 IR was seen in the olfactory bulbs and in different areas of the telencephalic hemispheres. In the diencephalon, S100 positivity was observed in the habenular nuclei of the epithalamus, in the cortical thalamic nucleus, in the dorsal, ventral and caudal portions, the latter with the posterior recessus nucleus, and in the diffuse inferior lobe of the hypothalamus, along the diencephalic ventricle and in the dorsal optic tract. In the mesencephalon, S100 IR was observed in the longitudinal tori, in the optic tectum, and along the mesencephalic ventricle. In the rhombencephalon, S100 IR was shown in valvula and body of the cerebellum, and in some nuclei of the medulla oblongata. The results suggest that S100 may play a key role in the maintenance of the CNS and in neurogenesis processes in the adulthood.     

Expression and localization of translationally controlled tumor protein in rat urinary organs

This study describes the very first assessment of the expression and localization of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) in adult rat urinary organs. TCTP expression levels in kidneys, urinary bladder, and urethra were evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) and Western blotting, and its cellular localization was examined immunohistochemically in paraffin sections of various urinary organs. TCTP was found in all urinary organs. Its expression was high in the urethra and low in the bladder. TCTP was localized in glomerular podocytes, epithelium of proximal and distal renal tubules, in the loop of Henle, and in the transitional epithelium of the bladder and urethra, mostly in basal cell layers). The subcellular localization of TCTP in these urinary organs was cytoplasmic. These findings suggest that TCTP may be involved in urine formation and excretion. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分析中国葱中的挥发性成分

采用固相微萃取法提取4种类型葱中的挥发性成分，并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析其化学组成。一硫代有机物主要以3，4-二甲基噻吩为主，在章丘大梧桐葱中其相对含量最高，在新108分葱中其相对含量最低；二硫代有机物主要是二丙基二硫醚和甲基丙基二硫醚，4个品种中二丙基二硫醚相对含量差异较小，而新108分葱中甲基丙基二硫醚相对含量最高，隆尧鸡腿葱中其含量最低；三硫代有机物主要以二丙基三硫醚为主，章丘大梧桐葱中未检测到二丙基三硫醚。结果表明，固相微萃取可以得到更多的成分，不同类型的葱中形成辣味的主要成分不同。     

起道作业中的胀轨问题探讨

无缝线路中发生的胀轨跑道事故有相当一部分是在起道作业中发生的，本文对起道作业中的胀轨跑道问题进行了较全面的理论分析，并提出了一些相应的防止措施，这些结果对实际施工有一定的指导作用。     

Action of the chemical agent fipronil (active ingredient of acaricide Frontline®) on the liver of mice: an ultrastructural analysis

Fipronil, active ingredient of the acaricide Frontiline®, is a phenyl‐pyrazolic derivative, and its efficacy in the elimination of several plagues, even in low concentrations, has already been demonstrated; however, its effect on nontarget organisms has not been thoroughly explained. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different dosages of fipronil on the liver of mice in artificial conditions. Results showed that the animals exposed to fipronil present significant ultrastrucutural changes in hepatic cells with evident cellular and cytoplasm disorganization in hepatocytes characterized by an increase in the number of organelles, mainly mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum, organelles that, in the case of the exposed animals, were probably responsible for the enzymes' synthesis that have the function of inactivating the toxic metabolites. A fat accumulation in the hepatocytes' cytoplasm (steatosis) was observed, in addition to extended vacuolated areas, mainly in regions next to the cell nucleus. Alterations observed in the nuclei of the hepatocytes pointed out cell death processes. Moreover, Kupffer cells increased in number (hyperplasia) suggesting an increase in the phagocytic activity of the liver in the exposed animals. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Role of nerve growth factor in the olfactory system

Olfactory neurons are unique in the mammalian nervous system because of their capacity to regenerate in adult animals. It has been shown that olfactory receptor cells located in the olfactory epithelium are replaced on a continuous basis and in response to injury throughout the life span of most species. NGF, which is one of the neurotrophic factors, is present in many areas of the central and peripheral nervous system. It has been shown that NGF in the olfactory bulb plays a role in the survival of cholinergic neurons in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band (HDB). Recent studies of NGF in the olfactory bulb suggest that it is involved in the development, maintenance, and regeneration of olfactory receptor cells. In this study, we review reports examining the relationship between NGF in the olfactory bulb and neuronal regeneration and development in the mammalian olfactory systems. Low- and high-affinity NGF receptor immunoreactivity is markedly expressed during regeneration and at different stages of development in the mouse olfactory system. This level of immunoreactivity is no longer present after completion of regeneration and at maturation. Other findings indicate that NGF injected into the olfactory bulb is transported retrogradely to the olfactory epithelium. It has also been shown that continuous anti-NGF antibody injection into the olfactory bulb causes degeneration and olfactory dysfunction. Administration of NGF directory into nasal cavity results in an increase in the expression of olfactory marker protein within the olfactory epithelium in axotomized rats. These findings suggested that the presence of NGF in the olfactory bulb plays an essential role in regeneration, maintenance, and development in the olfactory system of mammals.     

Mechanotransduction-The relationship between gravity,cells and tensile loading in extracellular matrix

Gravity plays a central role in vertebrate development and evolution. Mechanotransduction involves the tensile tethering of veins and arteries, connections between the epidermis and dermis in skin, tensile stress concentrations that occur at tissue interfaces, cell-cell interactions, cell-collagen fiber stress transfer in extracellular matrix and fluid shear flow. While attention in the past has been directed at understanding the myriad of biochemical players associated with mechanotransduction pathways, less attention has been focused on determining the tensile mechanical behavior of tissues in vivo. Fibroblasts sit on the surface of collagen fibers in living skin and exert a retractile force on the fibers. This retractile force pulls against the tension in collagen fibers in skin. After fibroblast-collagen fiber interactions are altered either by changes in fibroblast adhesion or after formation of cancer associated fibroblasts, and changes in cell junctions, alterations in the retractive force leads to changes in mechanotransduction. The purpose of this paper is to present a model of tensile forces that occur at the fibroblast-collagen fiber interface and how these forces are important in extracellular matrix physiology in health and disease.     

Investment model development for repetitive inspections and measurement equipment in imperfect production systems

An investment model can be developed for investment in repetitive inspections and investment in measurement equipment in imperfect production systems. The relevant costs and benefits of the investments are developed to predict the return of the investments. The investment in repetitive inspections affects the number of repetitive inspections. The investment in measurement equipment reduces the measurement error of measurement equipment. They are then linked to the proportion of good units sent to the customer, which can result in an increase in market share and a decrease in product warranty cost. The model includes the investment in inspection, the investment in measurement equipment, failure cost in inspection, failure cost in measurement, manufacturing cost, market share increase, and warranty cost.