钛材罐体侧向加装搅拌装置的改造

针对某钛材复合板制罐体加装侧向搅拌装置的改造,就其结构设计和制造过程中钛材焊接等关键点进行了阐述。     

Q235／TA2复合板的焊接

我厂为用户制造生产淀粉的反应釜,设备外形尺寸:直径2600mm,总长度5000mm,工作压力32MPa。由于物料具有强酸特性,因此选用了低碳钢加钛层(Q235/TA2)的复合板材料制造。复合板的化学成分及力学性能如表1所示。     

压力容器用钛-钢复合板的三种制造工艺

由于钛材优异的耐蚀性能以及钢材的低成本特性,钛-钢复合板被越来越多地应用于压力容器等领域。为了促进钛-钢复合板的标准化生产,通过对爆炸焊接、爆炸+轧制以及真空轧制这3种复合材料制备技术机理的综合分析,比较其制造工艺和技术参数,并进一步分析3种制造工艺的特点和适用范围,对3种制造工艺下的复合板各项性能进行测试,结果表明,爆炸焊接复合板适用于高压容器和超高压容器;爆炸+轧制复合板适用于中、高压容器;真空轧制复合板适用于低压容器。     

搅拌轴弯曲原因探析及解决措施

从搅拌装置中搅拌轴弯曲故障入手,探析了造成搅拌轴弯曲的原因,在设计方面增加底轴承装置,在工艺方面采用假轴定位的方法进行制造安装,有效地解决了搅拌装置搅拌轴弯曲问题。     

钢-钛钯合金复合板的焊接

我厂为化工厂承制蒸发器,由于其介质为强腐蚀性的稀硫酸,工况条件十分苛刻。所以选用了有耐蚀性能的Ti-Pd合金覆层的复合板制造。复合板母材为爆炸复合后经退火处理的复合材料,其基层为普通低合金钢16MnR,δ=12mm;复层为Ti-Pd合金,δ=2mm。 钛-钯合金是在工业纯钛的基础上,加入了少量的贵金属(0.15％～0.2％Pd)钯制成的,属于     

衬钛尿素合成塔腐蚀原因分析

一、概况我国进口日本三井东压公司的两套年产48万吨改良C法尿素装置中,尿素合成塔采用衬钛结构,衬钛层用KS—50。塔上段19.8米衬钛层厚3mm,中段4.95米衬钛层厚4mm,下段4.95米衬钛层厚5mm。底封头采用5mm钛板与12mm厚SB 42碳钢的钛钢爆炸复合板作衬里。使用三、四年来两塔底部钛层的腐蚀比较严重,二氧化碳进口管管口腐蚀成喇叭     

百万吨PTA装置PX氧化反应器制造与质量控制

对二甲苯氧化反应器是精对苯二甲酸装置的核心设备,在制造技术上与常规的钛一钢复合板容器相比具有一些突出的特点和更高的要求,结合实际制造过程中的工艺和质量控制要求,对其特点和要求进行了总结和探讨。     

轴键槽的加工与对称度误差的检测

我厂加工的搅拌轴端部有一个180°对称分布键槽,对称度允差为0.05mm。我们设计制造了一套铣削装置和专用检测工具,较好地解决了加工和检测中的问题。一、轴键槽对称度误差的加工控制 1.铣削装置和工件的装夹铣削装置主要由机用平口钳、手轮、起落支承和定位支承组成(见图1)。     

钛复合板管板焊接工艺的探讨

通过试验,验证所设计的钛复合板管板焊接的保护工装、坡口形式及工艺参数的合理性,以找到优化的钛复合板管板焊接工艺方案,为保证钛复合板管子管板焊接质量提供技术支持。     

国内首台1kg TNT当量复合板爆炸容器的设计

介绍了国内首台用爆炸合成的不锈钢复合板制造的爆炸密封容器。并应用爆炸相似律、解析方法及数值模拟等方法对该爆炸容器进行了物理设计 ,确定出等效载荷 ,然后进行了机械设计。该容器用复合板为不锈钢 (0Cr18Ni9Ti,4mm)和 16MnR钢 (2 0mm)复合而成。该爆炸密封容器设计当量为1kgTNT。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

OPTIMIZATION METHOD ON IMPELLER MERIDIONAL CONTOUR AND 3D BLADE

An optimization method for 3D blade and meridional contour of centrifugal or mixed-flow impeller based on the 3D viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is proposed. The blade is indirectly parameterized using the angular momentum and calculated by inverse design method. The design variables are separated into two categories: the meridional contour design variables and the blade design variables. Firstly, only the blade is optimized using genetic algorithm with the meridional contour remained constant. The artificial neural network (ANN) techniques with the training sample data schemed according to design of experiment theory are adopted to construct the response relation between the blade design variables and the impeller performance. Then, based on the ANN approximated relation between the meridional contour design variables and impeller performance, the meridional contour is optimized. Fewer design variables and less calculation effort is required in this method that may be widely used in the optimization of three-dimension impellers. An optimized impeller in a mixed-flow pump, where the head and the efficiency are enhanced by 12.9% and 4.5% respectively, confirms the validity of this newly proposed method.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...