论水溶性润滑添加剂的研究方法

在已知的油溶性润滑添加剂分子中，引入水溶性基团，可以改性成水溶性润滑添加剂，在一个分子中同时包含水溶性、吸附性、疏水性、反应性基团，是合成兼有油性剂和极压剂功能的高效水溶性润滑添加剂的方法。     

水溶性润滑添加剂研究概况

通过对水溶性润滑添加剂发展现状的概述，提出了水溶性润滑添加剂发展过程中存在的主要问题，并对将来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

水溶性金属加工液添加剂的制备及其性能研究

综述了金属加工液的发展趋势，提出了制备水溶性润滑防锈添加剂的“组合化学”方法，制备了水溶性润滑防锈添加剂，并对其性能进行了评定。     

含Mo、Zn的水溶性多功能抗磨润滑剂OPMZ的研究

本文采用分子设计的方法合成了一种含Mo、Zn的水溶性多功能润滑抗磨剂OPMZ,并对其进行了产物表征、性能测试、应用试验。试验结果表明OPMZ具有优良的抗磨性,Cu、Fe缓蚀性及水溶液稳定性,含0.2％OPMZ的高水基液优于国外同类产品。可用于石油钻井泥浆液,金属加工液及液压传动介质作润滑添加剂,最后采用扫描电镜对其抗磨机理进行了初探。     

水溶性含硫硼酸酯的摩擦磨损性能研究

本文依据水溶性抗磨剂的分子设计观点，合成了含硫硼酸酯利用四球试验机和摩擦磨损试验机对其摩擦磨损性能进行了试验研究，考察了在合成含硫硼酸酯时加入硫化物的次序对性能的影响，并探讨了它们的减摩抗磨作用机理。     

含Mo,Zn的水溶性多功能抗磨润滑剂OPMZ的研究

本文采用分子设计的方法合成了一种含Ｍｏ、Ｚｎ的水溶性多功能润滑抗磨剂ＯＰＭＺ，并对其进行了产物表征，性能测试，应用试验，试验结果表明ＯＰＭＺ具有优良的抗磨性，Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ缓蚀性及水溶液稳定性，含０．２％ＯＰＭＺ的高水其液优于国外同类产品。可用于石油钻井泥浆液，金属加工及液压传动介质作润添加剂，最后采用扫描电镜对其抗磨机理进行了初探。     

LM-A型水基缸套珩磨液的研制及应用研究

合成了水溶性松香酰胺、有机硼酸盐、混合稀土羧权盐作润滑、极压、防锈剂、再与其他添加剂复配，制备了LM-A型水基珩磨液，该珩磨液有优良的渗透、润滑、防锈、冷却和清洗性能，实机应用效果好，可以替代煤油作缸套珩磨液。     

《纳米润滑材料与技术》和《Antifouling Surfaces and Materials》正式出版发行

由中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑实验室编著的专著《纳米润滑材料与技术》和《Antifouling Surfaces and Materials》正式出版发行。《纳米润滑材料与技术》介绍了纳米润滑材料与技术所涵盖的主要内容,纳米粒子在润滑油脂中的减摩抗磨原理与应用,几类纳米润滑薄膜如纳米陶瓷薄膜、纳米金属薄     

水润滑材料的发展状况及其趋势

由于节能及环保要求,水润滑材料在最近几年发展迅速,正成为一种很有前景的摩擦副材料.回顾了几类水润滑材料及其相关的应用,介绍了硅系陶瓷材料的特点、水润滑性能、国内外研究状况,介绍了最近几年国内外对金属陶瓷的研究及其应用.     

铁谱技术在设备润滑管理中的应用

介绍了用铁谱技术对原料、焦化、选煤、煤气排送等煤炭综合利用专用设备润滑情况实行状态监测的试验研究情况。列举了铁谱技术在这些设备润滑管理中的应用成果。提出了几类专用设备的失效判据及润滑油报废标准。     

二烷基二硫代磷酸盐的制备及抗磨性能

本文制备了四种新型的水溶性二烷基二硫代磷酸盐极压抗磨剂，并测定了其抗磨性能。结果表明，带支链及环状结构的添加剂极压抗磨性能最好。由斯本－６０所制得的二烷基二硫代磷酸盐极压抗磨剂的１％水溶液的ＰＢ值达７４４Ｎ，Ｄ１５＾３９２为０．３４ｍｍ。     

LDZ-1水溶性微乳润滑剂的研究

由基础油、水、表面活性剂、防锈剂、抗氧化剂和缓蚀剂等多种活性物质组成的LDZ－1水溶性微乳润滑剂，具有良好的稳定性、润滑性、抗蚀性和特别易清洗性，能够取代一般的油基润滑油和进口挥发润滑油应用于空调机散热器的制造及其它相关领域，减少工序，降低成本，应用前景广阔。     

纳米铜润滑油添加剂在工程摩擦学中的研究进展

纳米铜具有低剪切强度和晶界滑移效应，与减摩剂、抗磨剂、抗氧剂等润滑油添加剂共同发挥协同减摩抗磨和自修复效用，具有较强的工程应用潜力。综述近年来纳米铜作为润滑油添加剂的工程摩擦学研究进展，讨论纳米铜在润滑体系中的润滑机制，总结分散稳定性、粒径及含量等因素对纳米铜颗粒摩擦学性能的影响规律，阐述增强纳米铜颗粒分散稳定性的方法。指出目前对纳米铜添加剂的摩擦学研究和润滑机制的认知仍缺乏系统性和统一性，且由于纳米铜表面较高的自由能，导致润滑油体系稳定性和润滑有效性不确定等问题，制约了纳米铜作为润滑油添加剂的工业应用和推广。最后展望纳米铜添加剂的发展方向。     

水溶性聚乙二醇磷酸酯的合成及润滑与腐蚀性能研究

有机磷酸酯具有良好的润滑性能,被广泛用作润滑油和水基润滑剂的添加剂。以P2O5和聚乙二醇(400)为原料,采用缓释法合成水溶性聚乙二醇磷酸酯,研究聚乙二醇磷酸酯的极压、抗磨和减摩性能。试验结果表明,添加聚乙二醇磷酸酯可以明显提高基础水基润滑剂的极压、抗磨和减摩性能,水基润滑剂的抗腐蚀性能也能满足要求。     

An Adsorption Model for Friction in Boundary Lubrication

A model describing the relationship between friction coefficient and surface adsorption of a two-component lubricant (i.e. base lubricant and one additive) is developed for boundary lubrication. This model relates the coefficient of friction to the extent of metal-metal contact or, inversely, the fractional surface coverage of the lubricant. Using a suitable adsorption isotherm, an expression for friction coefficient is obtained, relating the friction coefficient to the additive concentration and the adsorption energy. The proposed model and the selected adsorption isotherm are experimentally verified by testing several model additives in a petroleum-base lubricant. An excellent correlation is obtained between the adsorption-free energies calculated from the friction coefficient data and the adsorption-free energies determined from adsorption studies. The ranking order of additives based on friction coefficient is explained in terms of the molecular structure and the structural effects on the adsorption-free energy.     

Fluid composition impacts standardized testing protocols in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene knee wear testing

Wear of total knee replacements is determined gravimetrically in simulator studies. A mix of bovine serum, distilled water, and additives is intended to replicate the lubrication conditions in vivo. Weight gain due to fluid absorption during testing is corrected using a load soak station. In this study, three sets of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene tibial plateau were tested against highly polished titanium condyles. Test 1 was performed in two different institutions on the same simulator according to the standard ISO 14243-1, using two testing lubricants. Test 2 and test 3 repeated both previous test sections. The wear and load soak rates changed significantly with the lubricant. The wear rate decreased from 16.9 to 7.9 mg weight loss per million cycles when switching from fluid A to fluid B. The weight gain of the load soak specimen submersed in fluid A was 6.1 mg after 5 x 10(6) cycles, compared with 31.6 mg for the implant in fluid B after the same time period. Both lubricants were mixed in accordance with ISO 14243 (Implants for surgery - wear of total knee-joint prostheses), suggesting that calf serum should be diluted to 25 +/- 2 per cent with deionized water and a protein mass concentration of not less than 17 g/l. The main differences were the type and amount of additives that chemically stabilize the lubricant throughout the test. The results suggest that wear rates can only be compared if exactly the same testing conditions are applied. An agreement on detailed lubricant specifications is desirable.     

Insights into the influence of additives on the thermal gradient induced migration of lubricant

Thermo‐capillary migration is a phenomenon that the thermal gradients will drive a liquid to flow from warm to cold regions. It is of great importance to prevent the lubricant migration on rubbing surfaces in the cases where the amount of lubricant is limited. In this paper, four different lubricant additives are incorporated into one base oil, and the effects of additives on the migration behaviour and surface tension coefficient are investigated. The functional mechanisms of additives are discussed. The experimental results demonstrate that the additives have remarkable influences on the migration performance of lubricant. The migration behaviour shows the relation to not only the surface tension coefficient, but also the actions between the additive and substrate. This should be considered in the designing process of an anti‐migration lubricant. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Lubricant Effects on White Etching Cracking Failures in Thrust Bearing Rig Tests

Abstract

White etching cracking (WEC) is a subsurface bearing failure mechanism influenced by a number of factors, including lubricant composition. Certain metal-containing lubricants have been reported to promote WEC-induced failure; however, the exact mechanisms linking lubricant effects on WEC propensity are still not fully understood. An interesting field that has not been elucidated is the influence of additive concentration and tribofilm growth on WEC initiation, propagation, and failure. The investigations conducted in this work involved two series of oil formulations: one with additives that give rise to WEC (WEC oils) in different combinations and concentrations and another with additives that do not cause WEC (non-WEC oils). A mini traction machine (MTM) in combination with a spacer layer imaging machine (SLIM) was employed to study the growth of tribofilms and their influence on friction response. Insights from the MTM-SLIM study allowed for better interpretation of FE8 bearing tests. When using oils that contribute to WEC formation, the tribofilm-induced WEC mechanism was confirmed, with cracks initiating as early as after 20 h of FE8 testing. Metal-containing additives were found to favor the formation of WECs by generating a high-friction tribofilm and increasing the water content in the lubricant. Furthermore, the source of subsurface H associated with WEC failure is investigated using heavy water (D2O)-saturated oil. A mechanism of water dissociation induced in tribofilm growth (incubation period) is proposed in this article.