水润滑橡胶/镀镍钢配副摩擦磨损机理研究

对水润滑轴承专用橡胶／镀镍钢配副分别在干摩擦、边界润滑条件下用数显式高速环块摩擦磨损试验机进行了摩擦磨损试验，并借助SEM分析了其摩擦磨损机理。结果表明：千摩擦条件下主要为粘着磨损，边界润滑条件下主要为磨粒磨损。     

不同润滑介质下钢-钢摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能

研究了钢-钢摩擦副在干摩擦、水润滑、酒精润滑和60 N油润滑等条件下的摩擦磨损行为。结果表明:润滑介质可以显著降低钢-钢摩擦副的摩擦系数,在干摩擦、水润滑、酒精润滑和60N油润滑,摩擦载荷为(50～200)g(钢球半径为2 mm)时摩擦系数的平均值分别为0.75～0.81,0.45～0.33,0.22～0.15,0.13～0.09;在高载荷下酒精润滑与油润滑磨损速率相差甚小,并且在摩擦磨损初期阶段(500 s之内)摩擦系数相差甚少;同时,酒精润滑条件下的磨损表面形貌与油润滑下的磨损表面形貌极为相似,无明显粘着现象。分析表明,酒精润滑是一种绿色润滑介质,在压延、拉伸工业中有良好的应用前景。     

水作为液压介质的关键技术研究

水作为液压介质必须解决润滑性能差、渗透泄漏性强、腐蚀与气蚀等三大关键技术问题。本文探讨了水液压元件的润滑与密封、腐蚀与气蚀及摩擦与磨损机理．并提出相应的解决措施。     

摩擦副润滑状态可靠性的计算

本文是重新估计润滑状态的一种新的探讨——利用铁谱技术对摩擦界面间存在的磨柱进行观察分析。论证了磨粒对润滑状态的影响及其统计的尺寸分布规律。进而提出润滑状态可靠性的计算方法。     

气体动压润滑轴承摩擦副材料的选择

论述了气动轴承的应用概况及其摩擦材料应具备的性质，在此基础上提出了多种适用于气动压润滑轴承的材料。     

基于不同摩擦副条件下的边界润滑抗磨效果研究

通过不同实验对比，从磨损角度出发分析了不同条件下零件表面的边界润滑状况，提出了选用适当的热处理工艺，恰当的摩擦副接触类型及高性能的润滑液，可明显改善边界润滑效果，提高材料的耐磨性。     

用于显著改善摩擦副润滑状态的激光珩磨技术

对摩擦副工作表面进行激光珩磨,形成与其表面润滑减摩性能优化匹配的、连续均匀的,并具有一定密度、深度、角度、形状的油路和凹腔。该技术特别适用于对气缸孔表面进行激光微观造型,不仅可以显著提高气缸孔耐磨性能,延长其寿命,而且还大幅度降低内燃机的颗粒排放量、机油耗、燃油耗、催化器污染和活塞环组成本。     

小尺度摩擦副润滑特性数值模拟研究

与一般大型机械设备中的摩擦副不同,小尺度摩擦副润滑油膜在表面张力的作用下不再是水平形状,从而影响到摩擦副的摩擦学特性。在考虑到表面张力作用的基础上,对小尺度摩擦副进行摩擦学理论分析,建立了二维模型并求解了雷诺方程,以研究小尺度下表面张力对摩擦副摩擦学特性的影响。研究结果显示,由于表面张力的影响,摩擦副的油膜压力分布和承载能力有较大幅度的变化。宏观状态下的摩擦学设计与小尺度摩擦副的实际情况相去甚远,对小尺度摩擦副表面张力作用下的摩擦学特性进行研究是十分必要的。     

水润滑塑料轴承的摩擦性能研究

用MPV—200型摩擦磨损试验机测定了超高分子量聚乙烯(简称UHMW—PE)塑料合金轴承水润滑条件下的摩擦学性能,考察了载荷、速度、运行时间等因素对轴承摩擦系数和磨损率的影响,得出了摩擦学性能随各种因素的变化规律。并对作用机理进行了系统的分析,为水润滑超高分子量聚乙烯塑料合金轴承的实际应用提供理论依据。     

八纵向沟水润滑橡胶轴承润滑性能研究

水润滑橡胶轴承是水下最适宜的轴承之一,笔对潜水泵上常用的八纵向沟水润滑橡胶轴承,在水润滑条件下的润滑机理进行了实验研究,根据实验结果剖析了影响摩擦系数的主要因素及其影响规律,并据此提出了一组实用设计参数。     

长径比对水润滑塑料合金轴承摩擦系数的影响

长径比(L/d)是水润滑塑料合金轴承设计中一个重要的参数,通过实验表明在实际设计中可以调整应用装置中轴承的长径比以减小摩擦系数。最终得出最佳长径比值2≤L/d<4。     

Experimental Investigation of a Polymer Coating in Sliding Contact with Skin-Equivalent Silicone Rubber in an Aqueous Environment

A study on the effect of a brush coating of polyacrylic acid (PAA) grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (PAA-g-PEG) on friction was done for a sliding system that involves silicone skin L7350: a silicone rubber used by the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) for the determination of skin–surface friction in combination with artificial grass. Friction experiments were carried out using a reciprocating flat-on-flat test setup with the selected brush coating and compared with PAA-coated and fluoroalkane-coated samples. The experiments were focused on the effect of water. Results for the coatings tested at dry conditions showed a coefficient of friction above 1. Effective lubrication by water was able to reduce friction to a coefficient of friction below 0.01 at low sliding velocities. The results are currently used to further develop low-friction products for sliding interactions with human skin; for example, artificial grass and possibly medical textiles.     

水基切削液润滑性能的改进研究

水基切削液具有优良的冷却,清洗和防锈性能,但润滑性能差,因而应用范围受到限制,如何提高水基切削液的润滑性能,已成为目前研究的重点。本文从水基切削液的润滑机理入手,提出了改善润滑性能的思路和方法,并经实践证明是可行的。     

以水作介质的机械传动的研究

由于用水作机械传动的介质在许多方面比用油作介质更具有优越性,水作介质的机械传动技术自20世纪70年代以来得到了广泛的研究和应用。本文对水为介质的机械传动的特点进行了综述,介绍了国外、国内的研究和应用现状,并展望了该技术未来的发展方向。     

不同润滑条件下HIP-Si3N4/GCr15摩擦副摩擦特性的研究

在干摩擦、水润滑、锂基脂润滑和锂基脂＋MoS2润滑不同条件下,利用MPX-2000型盘销式摩擦磨损试验机,对HIP－Si3N4/GCr15摩擦副进行了摩擦磨损性能的对比试验研究,通过扫描电子显微镜对试件的表面形貌进行观察分析。结果表明:磨损速率的表现,Si3N4为水润滑＞干摩擦＞锂基脂润滑＞锂基脂＋MoS2润滑;GCr15为干摩擦＞水润滑＞锂基脂润滑＞锂基脂＋MoS2润滑。在锂基脂＋MoS2润滑条件下,HIP－Si3N4/GCr15摩擦副摩擦特性最佳。     

GA735型剑杆织机集中润滑系统的改进

本文分析了阻抗式比例润滑系统产生问题的原因和顺序式定量润滑系统的工作原理,介绍了不同种类摩擦副耗油量的确定原则,并对摩擦副温升的试验数据进行了分析对比。     

Modeling of Dynamic Friction in Lubricated Line Contacts for Precise Motion Control

A simple dynamic friction model for an elastohydrodynamic lubrication sliding and rolling line contact has been developed. This model uses the technique introduced earlier by Harnoy and Friedland (1). The model includes low-velocity regions where friction is a combination of contact and elastohydrodynamic friction. The study shows that the lime-variable friction is not only a function of instantaneous sliding velocity, but is also a memory function of the velocity history. Simulation of the model for an oscillating velocity exhibits similar hysteresis effects in friction-velocity curves as observed earlier in several experimental studies. The model can be useful for friction compensation to enhance the precision of motion in control systems.     

Crystal Chemistry and Solid Lubricating Properties of the Monochalcogenides Gallium Selenide and Tin Selenide

The interatomic array and bond structure in crystalline states of the monochalcogenides tin selenide and gallium selenide are described and correlated with their solid lubricating capacity. Friction tests assessing their solid lubricating performance were carried out on a pin-on-disk machine. Specifically, large crystalline pieces of each inorganic solid were cut and cleaved into flat squares and subsequently rubbed against sapphire balls. In another case, fine powders of gallium selenide and tin selenide luere manually fed into the sliding interfaces of 440C pins and 440C disks. For the specific test conditions explored, friction coefficients of the sapphire/ gallium selenide and sapphire/tin selenide pairs were approximately 0.23 and approximately 0.35, respectively. The friction coefficients of 440C pin/440C disk test pairs with gallium selenide and tin selenide powders were approximately 0.22 and approximately 0.38, respectively. For comparison, a number of parallel friction tests were also performed with MoS₂ powders and compacts, and the results of these tests are reported. The friction data, together with the crystal-chemical knowledge and electron microscopy evidence, supported the conclusion that the solid lubricating capabilities and lubrication mechanisms of these solids are closely related to their crystal chemistry and the nature of their interlayer bonding.     

Experimental Validation of Critical Temperature-Pressure Theory of Scuffing

A series of experiments was conducted for validating a newly developed theory of scuffing. The Critical Temperature-Pressure (CTP) theory is based on the physisorption behavior of lubricants and is capable of predicting the onset of scuffing failures over a wide range of operating conditions, including the contacts operating in the boundary lubrication and in the partial elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) regimes. According to the CTP theory, failures occur when the contact temperature exceeds a certain critical value which is a function of the lubricant pressure generated by the hydrodynamic action of the EHL contact. A special device capable of simulating the ambient conditions of the partial EHL conjunctions (of contact temperature, pressure, and the lubricant pressure) was constructed. A ball-on-flat type wear tester was put inside a pressure vessel, completely immersed in a highly pressurized bath of mineral oil. The temperature on the flat specimen was gradually increased while the ball was slowly traversed. At a certain critical temperature, the friction force abruptly jumped indicating the incipiency of the lubrication breakdown. This experiment was repeated for several levels of hydrostatic pressure and the corresponding critical temperatures were obtained. The test results showed an excellent correlation with the newly developed CTP theory.