中国北方含油气盆地中、新生界碎屑岩储层特征与评价

中国北方地区众多的含油气盆地类型使得各盆地中的沉积物充填、成岩演化和储层性质有较大的差异,并最终导致了成岩类型的多样性、成岩演化的多向性和成岩机制的复杂性。中、新生界碎屑岩储层的基本特征是①发育冲积扇—河流—(扇)三角洲—滨浅湖沉积体系,主要油气砂体为三角洲平原和前缘中的辫状分流河道、水下分流河道、河口坝以及滨—浅湖中的滩坝砂体,其次为扇三角洲、浊积扇或湖底扇和河流等砂体。②砂岩储层的成分成熟度较低,以岩屑砂岩为主,其次为长石岩屑砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩和长石砂岩。从早到晚砂岩的成分成熟度趋于降低,与盆地构造演化的活动性逐渐增强是一致的。③砂岩以原生粒间孔隙为主,它的发育程度基本决定了储层性质的优劣;北方地区除了鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长统等少数地区发育溶蚀孔隙以致成为主要的储集空间外,大多数油气盆地从整体上讲,砂岩中原生孔隙的相对比例在50.0%以上,是砂岩储集空间的主要构成部分。砂岩孔隙类型的变化明显地表现出4个发育特点。④砂岩的成岩压实作用是储集性质的主要控制因素,各地区砂岩的压实减孔量占总减孔量的比例在50.0%?94.0%之间,基本上是胶结减孔量的2.0?10.0倍。因此,在北方含油气盆地中,研究砂岩的压实减孔规律对成岩作用和钻前储层性质的预测是十?     

Simultaneous determination of free ergosterol and ergosteryl esters in Cordyceps sinensis by HPLC

The caterpillar-shaped Chinese medicinal mushroom Cordyceps sinensis consists of the fruiting body (CsA) and the host caterpillar (CsB). Ergosterol is a principal sterol in fungi and can indicate the level of mycelia of C. sinensis. Ergosterol is present in two forms, as free ergosterol and esterified ergosterol, which have different physiological functions. The relative abundances of free to esterified ergosterol are different among the various species. In the present study, a gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of free and esterified ergosterol in CsA and CsB of C. sinensis. The results showed that CsA and CsB had similar ergosterol compositions, but the level of ergosteryl esters in CsB was much higher than that in CsA, indicating that CsA and CsB might be in different growth phase or have different physiological functions for the growth and multiplication of C. sinensis.     

医院改扩建中的功能环重铸

多组空间组合是综合医院的基本特性，在组合的过程中形成了功能环。医院发展到一定程度就会使之破裂，需要依据新的功能关系，重铸功能环。     

Ethanol modified supercritical fluid extraction and antioxidant activity of cajaninstilbene acid and pinostrobin from pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] leaves

Supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SF-CO₂) extraction (SFE) of cajaninstilbene acid (CSA) and pinostrobin (PI) from pigeonpea leaves and antioxidant activity were investigated for the first time. SFE gave higher extraction yields than conventional heat-refluxing extraction (HRE) because of the severe breakage of cell morphology caused by SF-CO₂, which was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). CO₂ flow rate, modifier composition and liquid to solid ratio were firstly optimised, 12 kg/h, and 80% EtOH with a liquid to solid ratio of 10 ml/g raw material exhibited better extraction performance. Then a central composite design (CCD) combined with response surface methodology was used to study the effects of extraction pressure, temperature and time on the extraction yields of CSA and PI, the optimal parameters were 30 MPa, 60 °C and 2 h. An antioxidant activity investigation showed SFE extracts exhibited better free radical-scavenging activity than HRE extracts with an IC₅₀ value of 0.2259 mg/ml.     

太阳能聚光光伏光热(CPV/T)系统研究

聚光光伏光热(CPV/T)系统将太阳电池与集热器相结合,通过聚光和跟踪太阳提高太阳辐照强度,增加太阳电池的单位面积发电量,集热器在冷却太阳电池的同时回收多余热能,获得电能和热能双重收益。本文研究聚光比、太阳电池效率、组件中电池片的有效覆盖率、热传导率等因素对系统性能的影响。     

PROFIBUS-DP主站协议研究与实现

通过对IEC61158标准中的PROFIBUS-DP协议的研究分析,基于uCOS-II操作系统和STM32F107VC6芯片,用软件的方式严格按照协议标准实现了PROFIBUS-DP一类主站的数据链路层和应用层。软件主站采用共享缓存区的方式传递状态机原语,通过调度任务对各个模块实行统一调度管理,通过DMA方式发送和接收报文。结果表明,该主站实现了PROFIBU-DP一类主站的功能,总线系统的实时性达到时间指标。为将来设计开发PROFIBUS-DP一类主站的通信芯片提供了理论指导和逻辑验证。     

浅谈如何查询与输入不认识的汉字

本文简述了对于不认识的汉字如何进行查询与输入,并讨论了汉字国际化的一些问题。作者对解决汉字问题作了一些初步尝试,建立了一种全新的网络在线字海,用以更方便、快捷地查询、输入不认识的汉字。     

CASE-BASED PRODUCT CONFIGURATION AND REUSE IN MASS CUSTOMIZATION

The increasing complexity and size of configuration knowledge bases requres the provisionof advanced methods supporting the development of the actual configuration process and design reuse.A new framework to find a feasible and practical product configuration method is presented in masscustomization. The basic idea of the appoach is to integrate case-based reasoning (CBR) with a con-straint satisfaction problem(CSP). The similarity measure between a crisp and range is also given,which is common in case retrieves. Based on the configuration model, a product platform and customerneeds, case adaptation is carried out with the repair-based algorithm. Lastly, the methodology in theelevator configuration design domain is tested.     

Catalytic gasification of glycine and glycerol in supercritical water

Glycine and glycerol were used as the model compounds of protein and fattiness, respectively. A continuous tubular-flow reactor was used for the gasification experiments operated at 380–500 °C and 25 MPa with or without Na₂CO₃ catalyst. Compared with a negative effect on glycerol gasification, Na₂CO₃ could increase hydrogen yield and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) destruction efficiency, and the catalytic performance of 0.1 wt% Na₂CO₃ was better than that of 0.2 wt% for glycine gasification. When 1 wt% glycine solution with 0.1 wt% Na₂CO₃, or 1 wt% glycerol solution without Na₂CO₃ was gasified at 500 °C with the residence time of 0.98 min, their corresponding gasification efficiencies were up to 95.8% and 98%, and hydrogen yields could reach 4.14 and 5.08 mol/mol, respectively. Hydrogen molar fraction in gaseous product was about 60% and liquid effluents could be reutilized. Correspondingly, the ideal overall reaction equations for glycine and glycerol gasification were proposed.     

Effect of surface oxidation on thermal shock resistance of ZrB2–SiC–G composite

The thermal shock resistance of a ZrB₂–SiC composite containing flaky graphite was investigated in two different atmospheres – air and vacuum by measuring the retention of the flexural strength after water quenching for the temperature difference ranging from 200 up to 1900 °C. The residual strength values for the samples heated in vacuum gradually decreased with increasing temperature difference. When the temperature difference was above 1200 °C, the individual sample failed upon quenching. In contrast to the samples heated in vacuum, the residual strength values for the samples heated in air increased gradually as the temperature difference increased from 1200 up to 1700 °C; and the residual strength values again decreased for the temperature difference ranging from 1700 up to 1900 °C. These results indicated that the surface oxidation played the positive role in the thermal shock resistance of the ZrB₂–SiC–G composite.