Laboratory Studies to Determine Suitable Chemicals to Improve Oil Recovery from Garzan Oil Field

Garzan oil field is located at the south east of Turkey. It is a mature oil field and the reservoir is fractured carbonate reservoir. After producing about 1% original oil in place (OOIP) reservoir pressure started to decline. Waterflooding was started in order to support reservoir pressure and also to enhance oil production in 1960. Waterflooding improved the oil recovery but after years of flooding water breakthrough at the production wells was observed. This increased the water/oil ratio at the production wells. In order to enhance oil recovery again different techniques were investigated. Chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods are gaining attention all over the world for oil recovery. Surfactant injection is an effective way for interfacial tension (IFT) reduction and wettability reversal. In this study, 31 different types of chemicals were studied to specify the effects on oil production. This paper presents solubility of surfactants in brine, IFT and contact angle measurements, imbibition tests, and lastly core flooding experiments. Most of the chemicals were incompatible with Garzan formation water, which has high divalent ion concentration. In this case, the usage of 2-propanol as co-surfactant yielded successful results for stability of the selected chemical solutions. The results of the wettability test indicated that both tested cationic and anionic surfactants altered the wettability of the carbonate rock from oil-wet to intermediate-wet. The maximum oil recovery by imbibition test was reached when core was exposed 1-ethly ionic liquid after imbibition in formation water. Also, after core flooding test, it is concluded that considerable amount of oil can be recovered from Garzan reservoir by waterflooding alone if adverse effects of natural fractures could be eliminated.     

Estimating long-term time-resolved indoor PM2.5 of outdoor and indoor origin using easily obtainable inputs

To evaluate the separate impacts on human health and establish effective control strategies, it is crucial to estimate the contribution of outdoor infiltration and indoor emission to indoor PM_2.5 in buildings. This study used an algorithm to automatically estimate the long-term time-resolved indoor PM_2.5 of outdoor and indoor origin in real apartments with natural ventilation. The inputs for the algorithm were only the time-resolved indoor/outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations and occupants’ window actions, which were easily obtained from the low-cost sensors. This study first applied the algorithm in an apartment in Tianjin, China. The indoor/outdoor contribution to the gross indoor exposure and time-resolved infiltration factor were automatically estimated using the algorithm. The influence of outdoor PM_2.5 data source and algorithm parameters on the estimated results was analyzed. The algorithm was then applied in four other apartments located in Chongqing, Shenyang, Xi'an, and Urumqi to further demonstrate its feasibility. The results provided indirect evidence, such as the plausible explanations for seasonal and spatial variation, to partially support the success of the algorithm used in real apartments. Through the analysis, this study also identified several further development directions to facilitate the practical applications of the algorithm, such as robust long-term outdoor PM_2.5 monitoring using low-cost light-scattering sensors.     

基于神经网络和遗传算法的锭子弹性管性能优化

为得到减振弹性管对下锭胆的支承弹性和锭子高速运动下的稳定性等性能的最优匹配效率,依据减振弹性管的等效抗弯刚度及底部等效刚度系数公式,利用MatLab数值分析软件构建弹性管抗弯刚度和底部挠度数学模型。首先,结合Isight优化软件基于径向基神经网络构建其近似模型,且使精度达到可接受水平,并以模型的关键结构参数弹性模量、螺距、槽宽、壁厚为设计变量,结合遗传算法对弹性管抗弯刚度和底部挠度进行多目标优化设计,得到Pareto最优解集和Pareto前沿图,确定出减振弹性管结构工艺参数的优化方案。通过对优化数据进行分析发现,该方案在保证减振弹性管弹性的同时,其底部振幅明显减弱。     

CdSnO3/SnD NPs as a Nanocatalyst for Carbonylation of o-Phenylenediamine with CO2

Catalysis Letters - In order to carbonize o-phenylenediamine with CO2, an effective approach was used with UV light irradiation by Sn(IV) doping DFNS (SnD) supported CdSnO3 as a catalyst...     

除尘器新型褶式滤筒的结构优化及系列化设计

以新型褶式滤筒为研究对象,选取滤筒褶数N_2、褶夹角θ、褶高h、过滤风速v为影响因子,除尘器压力损失为响应值,基于响应曲面法分析影响因子对压力损失的影响,建立滤筒除尘器压力损失的预测模型并得到滤筒褶皱结构最优参数。以滤筒内径D、筒体高度D_1为标准尺寸,依据相关国家标准设计滤筒筒体部分;以锥体高度D_2、锥体上圆直径D_3为系列尺寸,利用尺寸变化法设计锥体部分;通过Access软件建立滤筒产品数据库。结果表明:当θ=5.2°,N_2=50,v=0.01 m/s,h=0.035 m时,除尘器压力损失最低;当D_1=1 000 mm,D=320 mm时,D_2和D_3最佳值分别为600,130 mm,故采用D_2/D_1=0.6,D_3/D=0.4的比值设计相应滤筒锥体系列。     

A new deep convolutional neural network model for classifying breast cancer histopathological images and the hyperparameter optimisation of the proposed model

The Journal of Supercomputing - Deep learning algorithms have yielded remarkable results in medical diagnosis and image analysis, besides their contribution to improvements in a number of fields...     

分析型全蒸发器在啤酒挥发性成分测定中的应用

综述了分型全蒸发器技术在啤酒发酵过程中的应用状况，并介绍了分析型全蒸发器模型结构及与之配合使用的连续多分支管。     

山西铝厂氧化铝生产铝土矿资源保证措施

通过扩大对铝土矿资源的对策和措施分析 ,为扩大山西铝厂氧化铝规模提供资源保障