异种铁素体耐热钢接头界面组织及其影响

综述了铁素体与铁素体异种金属焊缝（dissimilar metal welds，DMWs）接头界面组织及其影响。结果表明，在焊后热处理或运行温度下的铁素体钢DMWs接头的不均匀界面组织中，通常会形成脱碳层和增碳层。在铁素体钢DMWs焊接接头界面组织影响因素中，焊缝金属的化学成分有重要影响；焊后热处理规范（温度和时间）、工作温度下运行时间的影响较为突出；焊接工艺参数的影响亦不可忽略。异种钢接头界面处近缝区裂纹的产生，以及接头的蠕变强度随Larson Miller 参数增大而下降等不利影响，均为异种钢界面碳迁移行为所导致。焊缝成分控制法是接头界面组织控制或改善的必要条件，而脱碳层部位转移法能有效防止裂纹发生，亦是接头安全运行的重要工艺措施之一。     

Synthesis of Ionic Ultramicroporous Polymers for Selective Separation of Acetylene from Ethylene

The design of highly stable and efficient porous materials is essential for developing breakthrough hydrocarbon separation methods based on physisorption to replace currently used energy-intensive distillation/absorption technologies. Efforts to develop advanced porous materials such as zeolites, coordination frameworks, and organic polymers have met with limited success. Here, a new class of ionic ultramicroporous polymers (IUPs) with high-density inorganic anions and narrowly distributed ultramicroporosity is reported, which are synthesized by a facile free-radical polymerization using branched and amphiphilic ionic compounds as reactive monomers. A covalent and ionic dual-crosslinking strategy is proposed to manipulate the pore structure of amorphous polymers at the ultramicroporous scale. The IUPs exhibit exceptional selectivity (286.1–474.4) for separating acetylene from ethylene along with high thermal and water stability, collaboratively demonstrated by gas adsorption isotherms and experimental breakthrough curves. Modeling studies unveil the specific binding sites for acetylene capture as well as the interconnected ultramicroporosity for size sieving. The porosity-engineering protocol used in this work can also be extended to the design of other ultramicroporous materials for the challenging separation of other key gas constituents.     

薄层罩面在高速公路预防性养护中的应用

结合广珠西高速路面超薄磨耗层的具体应用,论述了超薄磨耗层对原材料技术要求、配合比设计、施工工艺和施工关键技术控制等。     

Human responses to high levels of carbon dioxide and air temperature

In this study, 30 subjects were exposed to different combinations of air temperature (T_a: 24, 27, and 30°C) and CO₂ level (8000, 10 000, and 12 000 ppm) in a high-humidity (RH: 85%) underground climate chamber. Subjective assessments, physiological responses, and cognitive performance were investigated. The results showed that as compared with exposure to T_a = 24°C, exposure to 30°C at all CO₂ levels caused subjects to feel uncomfortably warm and experience stronger odor intensity, while increased mental effort and greater intensity of acute health symptoms were reported. However, no significant effects of T_a on task performance or physiological responses were found. This indicated that subjects had to exert more effort to maintain their performance in an uncomfortably warm environment. Increasing CO₂ from 8000 to 12 000 ppm at all T_a caused subjects to report higher rates of headache, fatigue, agitation, and feeling depressed, although the results were statistically significant only at 24 and 27°C. The text typing performance and systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased significantly at this exposure, whereas diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and thermal discomfort increased significantly. These effects suggest higher arousal/stress. No significant interaction effect of T_a and CO₂ concentration on human responses was identified.     

Study on Wettability and Corrosion Behavior of Al2O3 Doped Polyurea Coatings

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - The Al2O3 powder was added as a filler to polyurea and the effect of doping amount on Shore hardness and wetting property were...     

畜禽骨蛋白质材料化利用的研究现状与发展趋势分析

作为畜禽屠宰的副产物,动物骨因其丰富的蛋白质和广阔的深加工利用的发展前景而成为当今环境、农业和能源等领域的研究热点.受自身骨骼结构和综合利用技术的制约,骨骼的深加工利用率不足2％,造成了严重的资源浪费与环境污染.蛋白水解作为蛋白质资源深加工领域最有效的技术手段,可实现大宗蛋白质资源的高效回收利用;而蛋白水解物优异的溶解性、可降解性、生物相容性和独特的生物功能活性使其具有开发高值材料的潜力.随着石化资源的短缺和人们健康环保意识的增强,人们对环保型可再生型新材料的需求逐渐迫切,而畜禽骨蛋白质材料的开发利用紧密结合国家新型战略产业——生物制造业,将促进农副产品加工业的持续健康发展.针对畜禽骨蛋白质材料化开发利用的发展历程及当前的研究热点,本文阐述了絮凝剂、粘结剂、可降解塑料、表面活性剂、医用材料等近年来研究较广的畜禽骨蛋白质材料化利用途径,并总结了各种利用途径的应用效果和局限性;同时,总结分析了现今利用蛋白水解物开发新型材料的相关理论及研究成果,为开发畜禽骨蛋白质材料提供了理论支持;最后,基于目前生物基材料的发展趋势及畜禽骨深加工技术的难点问题,客观展望了畜禽骨蛋白质材料的制备及应用发展方向.     

柯克亚油气田混合来源天然气的地球化学特征

柯克亚油气田是我国开发比较早的一个油气田,但由于受混源和其他因素的影响,对气源的认识众说纷纭。通过对天然气的地球化学特征的分析,并参照国内外关于甲烷、乙烷、丙烷碳同位素关系方面的资料,提出了如下看法:柯克亚天然气碳同位素相对较重,与塔里木盆地下古生界海相天然气的碳同位素组成区别较大;根据天然气40Ar/36Ar组成,柯克亚油气田的气源不是单一来源;柯克亚油气田绝大多数天然气的甲烷和乙烷碳同位素值关系符合Faber推断的 型有机质方程直线关系,说明有机质属于较好的有机质类型,或者是由原油裂解形成的天然气;除了K2井和K18井天然气成熟度较低以外,绝大多数天然气的成熟度大约在1.8%～2.2%之间,属于高过成熟气,但也混有一些成熟度在0.9%～1.2%的源岩形成的天然气;推测天然气主要来源于石炭系―二叠系源岩,而混有成熟度低的源岩形成的天然气则有可能来自侏罗系源岩。