在LiCl-KCl-CeCl3熔盐中铝电极上欠电位沉积制备Al-Ce合金

在843K LiCl-KCl-CeCl3熔盐中活性铝电极上,研究了Ce(III)离子的电化学行为和欠电位沉积Al-Ce合金。对比循环伏安曲线发现,在Al电极上Ce(III)/Ce反应的氧化还原电势比在Mo惰性电极上更正;开路计时电位在金属铝和铈的沉积平台之间出现两个平台,这表明Ce(III)在Al活性电极上可以生成两种金属间化合物。以上结果在电化学机理上说明Ce(III)离子可以在Al电极上欠电位沉积形成金属间化合物。在该实验条件下通过恒电位电解,在Al电极上得到了Al-Ce合金,验证了理论分析的结果。经XRD表征,证实了形成AlCe和AlCe3两种合金;经SEM和EDS表征,证明了铈分布在Al电极表面厚度均一的合金镀层中（厚度28?m）。 关键词：LiCl-KCl熔盐;欠电位沉积;铝电极;Al-Ce合金     

Novel Upconversion Behavior in Ho3+‐Doped Transparent Oxyfluoride Glass‐Ceramics Containing NaYbF4 Nanocrystals

Novel Ho³⁺ doped highly transparent NaYbF₄ glass‐ceramics were successfully fabricated by melt‐quenching technique. Their structural and luminescent properties were systemically investigated by XRD, TEM, absorption spectra, upconversion spectra, and lifetime measurements. Excited by 980‐nm laser, samples exhibit characteristic emissions of Ho³⁺. Impressively, the luminescent color can be tuned easily from red for precursor glass to green for glass‐ceramics. Such novel phenomenon was elaborately investigated and is owing to the reduced multiphonon nonradiative relaxation and enhanced cross‐relaxation of Ho³⁺ in NaYbF₄ nanocrystals after crystallization. Our results indicate that NaYbF₄ transparent glass‐ceramics is an excellent host for upconversion.     

Noble-metal nanocluster as enzyme-mimetic catalyst for diagnostic analysis

Science China Technological Sciences -     

英语学习中母语负迁移现象

母语负迁移是英语学习过程中的常见现象,对新知识的学习和掌握产生负面影响。针对负迁移的表现形式进行了探讨,并就如何克服负迁移提出了一些解决办法,旨在帮助英语学习者克服母语干扰,提高学习效率。     

OFDM系统降低峰均比方法的研究

SLM（选择映射）技术是一种无失真降低OFDM（正交频分复用）信号峰均比的方法，它是一种很有效的方法。但是一般的SLM技术是在IFFT之后选择具有最小峰均比的序列，因此需要多个IFFT模块，系统复杂度高。在改进的SLM技术中提出了一种基于比较序列随机性的判决算法，采用此算法可以在IFFT之前选择发送序列，从而只需要一个IFFT模块。通过仿真证明，这种判决算法可以在较小的计算量和复杂度务件下获得同原有SLM技术相同的降低峰均比性能。     

Luminescence of Eu‐Doped Transparent LuPO4 Glass‐Ceramics

Dual valence Eu‐doped transparent glass‐ceramics containing LuPO₄ nanocrystals were fabricated by melt‐quenching technique in air atmosphere. Their luminescent properties were systematically investigated by excitation, emission spectra, and decay lifetime measurements. The prominent Stark splitting, low forced electric‐dipole ⁵D₀ – ⁷F₂ transition and long decay lifetimes of Eu^{3 +} emission for glass‐ceramics reveal the incorporation of Eu^{3 +} into LuPO₄ nanocrystals. The enhanced Eu^{2 +} emission and reduction mechanism of Eu^{3 +} to Eu^{2 +} after crystallization are discussed briefly. Our results indicate that transparent LuPO₄ glass‐ceramics may find applications in photonics.     

Elaboration,Structure, and Luminescence of Eu3+‐Doped BaLuF5‐Based Transparent Glass‐Ceramics

Novel Eu³⁺‐doped transparent oxyfluoride glass‐ceramics containing BaLuF₅ nanocrystals were successfully fabricated by melt‐quenching technique for the first time. Analyses of XRD patterns prove that the new precipitated glass‐ceramics are crystallized in cubic BaLuF₅ based on isostructural BaGdF₅. Intense red emissions observed in glass ceramics are attributed to the enrichment of Eu³⁺ ions into BaLuF₅ nanocrystals. Besides, obvious stark splitting emissions, low forced electric dipole ⁵D₀→⁷F₂ transition, and long decay lifetimes of Eu³⁺ ions also evidence the partition of Eu³⁺ ions into BaLuF₅ nanocrystals with low phonon energy. Such transparent material may find applications in photonics.     

直接沉淀法制备纳米ZnO粉体

以Zn（NO3）2·6H2O和ZnSO4·7H2O为锌源，以Na2CO3、（NH4）2CO3、NH3·H2O、NaOH作为沉淀剂，采用直接沉淀法制备了纳米氧化锌粉体。采用XRD和TEM测试手段对纳米氧化锌粉体进行了表征。结果表明：沉淀剂为Na2CO3时制备的纳米氧化锌粉体的晶体尺寸约为I5nm～40nm，浓度对纳米氧化锌粉体的粒径基本没有影响。在500℃煅烧2h后得到纳米氧化锌粉体具有六方纤锌矿结构。以（NH4）2CO3作沉淀剂，返滴定法制得的纳米氧化锌粉晶形完整、颗粒粒度分布较窄且粒径较小、分散性好。     

基于ArcGIS的建筑物沉降观测数据分析及三维模拟

以丽馨园1#居民楼沉降监测所获得的基础数据为例,利用专业GIS软件ArcGIS中的空间分析和三维分析模块,进行观测数据的综合处理和分析,采用反距离加权插值法,生成DEM（数字高程模型）,进一步生成丽馨园1#居民楼的沉降等值线图、沉降三维模拟图。结果表明,以ArcGIS生成沉降曲线图比传统方法更快捷、准确,沉降三维模拟图更直观、逼真,可及时、有效地将沉降信息和变形情况反映给项目决策者和施工人员,以提高作业效率和精度,从而为整个工程提供技术支持和决策依据,是一种快速、准确表达沉降观测成果的有效方法。