基于综合检测法的心墙坝渗漏研究

文章以三座店水库渗漏检测项目为依托,采用水位观测、流速测试、示踪试验及孔内成像等方法,对大坝主体进行了系统检测,结果表明心墙及心墙与防渗墙接触带存在多个严重渗漏部位,通过上游双排旋喷灌浆后,坝下水位下降3.4m,明流消失,处理效果显著.该检测方法在针对沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝渗漏部位确定的问题上,具有快速、准确的特点.     

焦炭催化CO-NO反应的动力学实验研究北大核心CSCD

从高炉风口喷吹烧结烟气是一种有别于传统烟气脱硝工艺的新思路。为探究烧结烟气喷入风口后,焦炭催化CO-NO还原反应的动力学过程,实验以CO、NO气体为原料,以焦炭为催化剂,将不同流量配比的CO和NO混合气体在炉温为850~975℃时通入炉内,在出口处测量CO和NO反应后体积分数。实验结果表明,焦炭对CO还原NO反应有明显的催化作用;反应温度不变,CO和NO的流量比增大时,NO的还原率会增大;CO和NO的流量比不变,温度增大时,NO的还原率也会增大;炉温850、900、925、950、975℃时,反应速率常数分别为0.56、0.88、0.78、1.28、1.38 m^(3)/(mol·s),通过拟合动力学参数得到反应的活化能E;为84.1 kJ/mol。     

MEMS陀螺主要性能指标研究

以ADI公司的微角速度单轴陀螺仪ADXRSXXX为例,对MEMS陀螺的主要性能指标进行了研究,并进行了标定实验,计算了主要性能指标。通过数据拟合方法得到了该陀螺的校准曲线,经过分析计算,该陀螺的精度较高,在姿态测试系统中有一定的应用前景。     

前置掺气坎式阶梯溢洪道体型特点及工程应用试验研究

为了避免阶梯溢洪道中前几级阶梯表面发生空蚀破坏,将掺气坎应用到阶梯溢洪道体型设计中,形成前置掺气坎式阶梯溢洪道。这既能充分利用阶梯增加沿程消能的优点,又能扩宽阶梯溢洪道的应用范围。工程模型试验成果表明,通过掺气坎和阶梯的体型优化,各级流量的消能率均达到70%左右。1:40物理模型试验上实测溢洪道阶梯竖直面后的掺气浓度沿程分布均大于5%。研究表明这种新型阶梯溢洪道掺气量与掺气浓度易于控制,底部掺气充分,抗空蚀性能优越,消能率高,可以在高水头、大单宽流量溢洪道中推广应用。     

交直流配电网中电动汽车充换储一体站规划

首先,以马尔可夫和速度-流量模型对快充车辆和电动公交进行时空负荷预测,结合快充站、换电站和梯级储能站的充放电功率构建充换储一体站(CSSIS)模型.然后,建立含CSSIS的交直流潮流模型,构建计及电动汽车到站行驶时间、排队等待时间和交直流配电网电压偏差的多目标选址模型,采用动态权重结合二进制遗传算法进行求解.其次,采用Voronoi图划分CSSIS服务范围,以综合投资成本最小为目标建立优化模型来确定最终站址,通过排队论优化充电机数量,以系统节点电压和CSSIS功率平衡为约束来确定站内设备容量.最后,通过算例验证了所提模型和方法的有效性.     

Analysis on influencing factors of detecting chemical oxygen demand in water by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy

Taking the standard solution and actual water samples as the research object, this paper studies the influence of various environmental factors (temperature, alkalinity (pH), inorganic salt ions and salinity) on the detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water by ultra-violet (UV) spectrometry, analyzes the influence mechanism, and draws relevant conclusions. The results show that the UV absorbance of the COD standard solution and the actual river water samples varies very little with temperature. The value of pH has certain impact on both the standard solution and the actual water samples, but the pH values of the affected experimental samples are in different ranges. The effects of nitrogen salt ions (NO2- and NO3-) on the UV absorption spectra can be eliminated by intercepting the UV spectrum interval less affected for modeling. The influence of salinity values below 35‰ on the UV absorption spectrum of water is mainly concentrated in the spectral band of 200—250 nm, and the influence above 250 nm is very little. This paper provides a preliminary analysis and discussion on the influence mechanism and laws of various environmental factors in the detection of water quality parameters by UV spectrometry, which provides an experimental basis for selecting the optimal test conditions when establishing the COD prediction model.     

Estimating the fundamental matrix based on least absolute deviation

The epipolar geometry is the intrinsic projective geometry between two views, and the algebraic representation of it is the fundamental matrix. Estimating the fundamental matrix requires solving an over-determined equation. Many classical approaches assume that the error values of the over-determined equation obey a Gaussian distribution. However, the performances of these approaches may decrease significantly when the noise is large and heterogeneous. This paper proposes a novel technique for estimating the fundamental matrix based on least absolute deviation (LAD), which is also known as the L₁ method. Then a linear iterative algorithm is presented. The experimental results on some indoor and outdoor scenes show that the proposed algorithm yields the accurate and robust estimates of the fundamental matrix when the noise is non-Gaussian.     

山西省娄烦县尖东铁矿地质特征及矿床成因

通过对山西省娄烦县尖东铁矿区域地质背景、矿区地质特征、矿体特征等的综合分析,阐述了该区铁矿的成因类型,总结其成矿规律,为铁矿的进一步勘查开发提供地质依据。     

穿越型扩张式封隔器的研制与试验

渤海油田采用大段防砂完井,防砂段内小层多,地层非均质严重,层间矛盾突出,注水开发效果难以进一步提高。为了实现细分层系开发,除了防砂管柱外层与层封隔,还需要在防砂管柱内相应位置配合形成管内封隔。为了适应不同分层采油注水工艺措施,研制穿越型扩张式封隔器,介绍该封隔器的应用环境、结构、工作原理等,并对该封隔器进行了室内试验和现场试验。结果表明：穿越型扩张式封隔器能顺利实现外径 6.35 mm的管线穿越,无遇阻,所设置的保护功能可有效保护管线,能按要求顺利坐封、解封,中心打压16 MPa,上下环空承压均可达15 MPa,最大可满足 157.1 mm内径密封要求,满足现场不同应用环境的需求。     

Synthesis and optimization of high-performance amine-based polymer for CO2 separation

Membrane technology features inspiring excellence from numerous separation technologies for CO₂ capture from post-combustion gas. Polyvinylamine (PVAm)-based facilitated transport membranes show significantly high separation performance, which has been proven promising for industrial scale-up. However, commercialized PVAm with low molecular weight and excessive crystallinity is not available to prepare high-performance membranes. Herein, the synthesis process of PVAm was optimized by regulating polymerization and acidic hydrolytic conditions. The membranes based on PVAm with a molecular weight of 154 kDa and crystallinity of 11.37% display high CO₂ permeance of 726 GPU and CO₂/N₂ selectivity of 55 at a feed gas pressure of 0.50 MPa. Furthermore, we established a PVAm synthesis reactor with an annual PVAm solution (1%(mass)) capacity of over 7000 kg and realized the scaled-up manufacture of both PVAm and composite membranes.