Thermal shock behavior of nano-sized SiC particulate reinforced AlON composites

Aluminum oxynitride (AlON) has been considered as a potential ceramic material for high-performance structural and advanced refractory applications. Thermal shock resistance is a major concern and an important performance index of high-temperature ceramics. While silicon carbide (SiC) particles have been proven to improve mechanical properties of AlON ceramic, the high-temperature thermal shock behavior was unknown. The aim of this investigation was to identify the thermal shock resistance and underlying mechanisms of AlON ceramic and 8 wt% SiC–AlON composites over a temperature range between 175 °C and 275 °C. The residual strength and Young's modulus after thermal shock decreased with increasing quenching temperature and thermal shock times due to large temperature gradients and thermal stresses caused by abrupt water-quenching. A linear relationship between the residual strength and thermal shock times was observed in both pure AlON and SiC–AlON composites. The addition of nano-sized SiC particles increased both residual strength and critical temperature from 200 °C in the monolithic AlON to 225 °C in the SiC–AlON composites due to the toughening effect, the lower coefficient of thermal expansion and higher thermal conductivity of SiC. The enhancement of the thermal shock resistance in the SiC–AlON composites was directly related to the change of fracture mode from intergranular cracking along with cleavage-type fracture in the AlON to a rougher fracture surface with ridge-like characteristics, crack deflection, and crack branching in the SiC–AlON composites.     

The role played by dopant ions for the production of broadband white light emission from metal oxide nano-powders under laser diode excitation

We report on the role played by dopant ions to create broadband white light emission from metal oxide nano-powders. Y₂O₃ was doped with different rare earth ions (Nd³⁺, Er³⁺, Yb³⁺) and Cr³⁺ ion to investigate their role on the production of white light emission. We have determined that the dopant ions have a facilitator but not a decisive role on the production of the white light emission by doing measurements such as reflectance, white light emission, excitation power dependency and color quality parameters. All measurements showed that the production of white light does not depend on the amount and the type of the dopant ions.     

Investigation of residual stresses on the boundary of SiC/SiC + 20% TiB2 composite materials joining by optic modulation–polarization method

The optical method of registration of internal stresses in composite materials is offered. The method is based on the modulation of polarization of laser radiation reflected from anisotropic media and the definition of its anisotropy parameters by means of this modulation. Residual stresses on the border of SiC/SiC + 20% TiB₂ joining, caused by the difference of temperature expansion coefficients, were studied by the offered method. The experimental curve of stress distribution is in a good qualitative agreement with theoretical calculation. The stress magnitude obtained by the given method well coincides with the values obtained by a Raman scattering method and diffraction of X-ray radiation.     

A novel batch-scale fabrication method for hundred-micron YAG transparent ceramic fibers

YAG ceramic fiber is the preferred material for the gain medium of the new generation fiber laser. However, the fabrication of hundred-micron and defect-free YAG ceramic fibers is still the primary challenge. In this paper, YAG ceramic fibers with the diameter of 147 µm and length of 113 mm were successfully batch fabricated by the combination of gelcasting and mold design, and the diameter fluctuation rate was only 1.4%. The solid loading of the slurries (46–54 vol%) were systematically investigated to achieve high density and net-shape forming of green fibers. It was found that the YAG ceramic fiber was highly transparent with the optimized solid loading of 52 vol%, and the transmittance of the YAG ceramic (2 mm thick) at 800 nm was 82.6%. Its bending strength was as high as 1124 ± 86 MPa. The ideas and methods of this study will promote the development of gelcasting in the field of hundred-micron ceramic fibers.     

In-Sn熔体合金与CuZr基块状非晶合金界面生长动力学(英文)

研究In-Sn熔体合金与Cu40Zr44Al8Ag8块状非晶合金的界面生长动力学。通过扫描电镜和能谱对时效的样品进行分析,发现界面层由Zr、Cu和Sn组成。在时效温度区间,扩散机制是反应速度的控制步骤,且时间指数值近似为0.5。计算得到的反应激活能为98.35kJ/mol。     

Electrochemical deposition of aluminum on W electrode from AlCl_3-NaCl melts

Electrochemical deposition of aluminum on W electrode from AlCl3-NaCl melts was studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The results show that Al ( Ⅲ) is reduced in two consecutive steps, i.e., 4Al2Cl7-+3e-→Al+7AlCl4- and then AlCl4-+3e-→Al+4Cl-. The electrochemical reaction of 4Al2Cl7-+3e-→Al+7AlCl4- is reversible. Certain nucleation overpotential is required during the deposition of aluminum on W electrode. Chronopotentiometry analysis also shows that Al (Ⅲ ) is reduced in two consecutive steps under certain current density, which is in reasonable agreement with cyclic voltammograms. By using constant current deposition, the electrodeposits on Al substrate obtained at between 50 and 100 mA/cm2 are quite dense and well adherent to the Al substrate. The electrochemical deposition of aluminum on Cu substrate in AlCl3-NaCl melts indicates that the intermetallic compounds are formed. The intermetallic compounds are AlCu and Al2Cu.     

Oxidation behaviour and microstructure of a dense MoSi2 ceramic coating on Ta substrate prepared using a novel two-step process

Tantalum (Ta) alloys are important ultra-high-temperature structural materials owing to their excellent high-temperature mechanical properties and processability. However, they exhibit poor high-temperature oxidation resistance. In this study, a dense MoSi₂ ceramic coating was prepared on a Ta substrate using an innovative multi-arc ion plating process and halide activated pack cementation in order to improve its ultra-high-temperature oxidation resistance. This ceramic coating exhibited a low roughness space arithmetic (287.1 ± 26.3 nm) and a dense structure. The relationship between the thickness of the coating and the duration of pack-cementation at 1250 ℃ was parabolic. The coating had a service life of more than 12 h at 1750 ℃, and showed excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance because of the uniform and dense structure of the coating and the rapid formation of a dense SiO₂ layer with low O₂ permeability during high-temperature oxidation.     

上转换碲酸盐玻璃的研究进展

碲酸盐玻璃是一种具有较低声子能量和高折射率的新型光学材料,在蓝绿色激光器和光纤放大器等领域有潜在的应用前景。简要介绍近几年碲酸盐玻璃在组成、微观结构、制备方法及上转换发光性能等方面的研究现状,并对其发展前景进行展望。     

电沉积制备镍基复合镀层的研究进展

金属-陶瓷复合镀层可以显著改善的硬度、致密性、耐蚀性、耐磨性以及抗高温氧化性能等可显著得到改善,应用范围广泛。综述了影响复合镀层性能的几大因素,重点介绍了增强相粒子粒径、表面活性剂类型、制备镀层的沉积方式以及第二相颗粒种类对电沉积复合镀层性能的影响。陶瓷颗粒尺寸影响复合镀层的性能,细小颗粒对镍基复合镀层具有细晶强化作用,微米级陶瓷颗粒能够大大改善Ni基复合镀层的力学性能。超细纳米陶瓷颗粒作为增强相,可以显著提高复合镀层的耐蚀性,添加纳米颗粒的复合镀层的显微硬度优于添加微米颗粒复合镀层。非离子表面活性剂能提高第二相颗粒在镀层中的复合量及在镀液中的分散性,有利于获得高硬度的复合镀层,进而提高整个镀层的耐磨性和耐蚀性。超声波-脉冲电沉积法得到的复合镀层形貌更平整,晶粒更细小,结构更致密,且得到的复合镀层硬度更高,耐磨性、耐蚀性更好。与SiC复合镀层相比,SiO_2复合镀层具有更好的耐蚀性和抗氧化性。最后,分析展望了颗粒增强镍基复合材料的应用前景及未来研究的重点。     

Dissolution rate determination of alumina in molten cryolite-based aluminum electrolyte

Determination of dissolution rate of alumina is one of the classical problems in aluminum electrolysis. A novel method which can measure the dissolution rate of alumina was presented. Effect of factors on dissolution rate of alumina was studied intuitively and roundly using transparent quartz electrobath and image analysis techniques. Images about dissolution process of alumina were taken at an interval of fixed time from transparent quartz electrobath of double rooms. Gabor wavelet transforms were used for extracting and describing the texture features of each image. After subsampling several times, the dissolution rate of alumina was computed using these texture features in local neighborhood of samples. Regression equation of the dissolution rate of alumina was obtained using these dissolution rates. Experiments show that the regression equation of the dissolution rate of alumina is y=−0.000 5x ³+0.024 0x ²−0.287 3x+ 1.276 7 for Na₃AlF₆-AlF₃-Al₂O₃-CaF₂-LiF-MgF₂ system at 920 °C.