Q235钢静载拉伸过程中的磁记忆信号变化特征分析

选取Q235钢进行静载拉伸试验，利用EMS2003型磁记忆检测系统进行各级应力水平的检测。结果显示弹性极限范围内磁场强度曲线形貌接近未加载时，进入屈服阶段后磁场强度值明显增加，过零点数目在静载拉伸过程中呈现无规律变化，但弹塑性加载阶段均出现了过零点逼近最终断裂处的现象。该试验表明进入塑变后材料的组织结构变化与其所表现出的表面磁场强度值之间必然存在着某种对应关系，为磁记忆检测的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mo coating deposited by supersonic plasma spraying

The inherent technological limitations of traditional thermal spraying technologies have the relatively high oxidation degree and porosity of prepared Molybdenum (Mo) coating. Hence, in this study, a Mo coating was fabricated using supersonic plasma spraying technology. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), tensile testing machine, high-precision macro/micro-indentation tester and ball-on-disc tribometer were used to investigate the microstructure, phase composition, mechanical and tribological properties of the coating. The results showed that the Mo coating had dense structure and highly diminished oxidation degree. The phase composition was pure Mo. The tensile strength failure occurred within the coating layer. In the meanwhile, the Mo coating exhibited a superior hardness, a high elastic work/total work (W_e/W_t), and excellent tribological properties. The wear mechanisms were fatigue wear and adhesive wear.     

Prediction of out-of-plane behavior of stitched sandwich structure

This article provides an improvement of the technology of through-the-thickness reinforcement of thermosetting composite sandwiches by the insertion of stitching yarns.The aim of this work is to propose a model that would lead to the representation of the tri-dimensional elastic and ultimate performances of these 3D structures under out-of-plane shearing and compressive stress. To reach that goal, an analytical approach is proposed without the contribution of the numerical finite element technique. From experimental observations, this complex structure can be considered as a simple lattice made up of the stitches treated as bars composed of the UD impregnated yarns. The transverse compression and the out-of-plane shear module can be determined from the geometrical parameters of the structure. Moreover, the ultimate stress can be approximated once the cinematic of the failure of the structure has been experimentally identified for each stress case. Finally, the buckling of stitches ends up in the ruin of the material in each case. Thus, a classical theory of buckling can be used and a particular work has been done on the representation of the anchorage point of the stitches on the skin. The final model which is endowed with a good sensitivity enables us to predict the ultimate values in both loading cases. Finally, the variation of stitching angle allows to virtually optimize the material used according to the external loading.     

ZnO晶须对激光裂解Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂层结构和摩擦磨损及耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用先驱体转化陶瓷法(PDC法)制备含ZnO晶须的Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂层,将ZnO晶须添加到激光裂解Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂的先驱体中,增强Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂层的防腐蚀性能和减摩耐磨性能。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、往复式摩擦磨损测试仪、电化学工作站等手段,分析含不同质量分数ZnO晶须的Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂层的元素组成及存在形式、表面形貌、摩擦磨损性能以及防腐蚀性能。添加ZnO晶须对Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂层的组成和化学价态没有影响,但添加ZnO晶须对Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂层的防腐性能有改善,添加ZnO晶须对Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂层的减摩性能有改善,在较高载荷下添加ZnO晶须可以降低Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂层的摩擦因数,添加ZnO晶须质量分数为10%所得的Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂,载荷为5N和7N时摩擦因数均比45钢低52%。添加不同质量分数ZnO晶须对复合陶瓷涂层表面表面形貌有很大影响,同时可以改善Ti-Si复合陶瓷涂层摩擦磨损性能以及防腐蚀性能。     

Formation of graphitic rods in carbon/carbon composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes

The formation of graphitic rods with a carbon nanotube (CNT) in the center was observed in CNT-reinforced phenolic resin-based carbon/carbon composites heat treated at 2000 °C. TEM characterization indicated that the carbon surrounding the CNT has a much better degree of graphitization compared to the carbon in most of the matrix. The formation temperature (2000 °C) of the graphitic rod is lower than for stress graphitization and normal graphitization of phenolic resin.     

Bimodal distribution characteristic of microstructure and mechanical properties of nanostructured composite ceramic coatings prepared by supersonic plasma spraying

Nanostructured composite ceramic coatings (NCs) were deposited by supersonic plasma spraying (SPS) technique. The microstructures of NCs were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that the microstructure of NCs exhibited a bimodal distribution consisting of fully melted regions (FM regions) and partially melted regions (PM regions). With the spray power increasing, the proportions of FM regions and PM regions both increased, but no distinct laws were found. The measured data of elastic modulus, micro-hardness and fracture toughness were analyzed using Weibull statistics. The results showed that these micromechanical properties followed Weibull distribution and presented a characteristic of bimodal distribution.     

Interaction between laser beam and BaTiO3 powders in selective laser sintering treatments

The research work reported in this paper is an investigation of the behavior of barium titanate powders under selective laser irradiation. Our goal is to determine suitable conditions to sinter the powders and form dense layers usable in some electronic components. On that purpose, compacts of micro/nano BaTiO₃ powder mixes are used for a parametric investigation of the laser scans parameters (power, speed, etc.) with a Nd-YVO₄ laser (23 W). The microstructures obtained after laser treatments are evaluated by XRD, SEM and EDS and compared to a reference specimen manufactured in a conventional way. From this work it can be concluded that a high laser beam power is required to obtain a consolidation of the powder grains and the use of a high scan speed avoids the melting. The scanning speed also influences the final crystallographic state of BaTiO₃. Optimal parameters were founded in order to form a dense and homogeneous tetragonal BaTiO₃ surface.     

Structural characteristics and high-temperature oxidation behaviour of nano-HfO2-doped thermal barrier coatings

The uneven growth of thermally grown oxides (TGOs) in thermal barrier coating systems is an important cause of cracking failure at the coating interface in high-temperature environments. The doping of rare earth elements in the bonding layer can effectively inhibit the formation of spinel oxides in the TGO and improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating. However, a single rare earth element has a limited effect on inhibiting TGO failure. In this study, a NiCoCrAlYHf coating was prepared using a supersonic flame spraying (HVOF) technique. The effects of HfO₂ doping on the high-temperature oxidation behaviour of the coatings and diffusion behaviour of metallic elements in the coatings were investigated at 1100 °C. The results showed that the nano-sized HfO₂ filled the pores between the powder particles and improved the hardness of the coating. During the high-temperature oxidation process, the oxides formed by Hf and Y had a large size and low solubility, which effectively blocked the diffusion of Al. This slowed the generation of spinel oxides, effectively inhibited the growth of the TGO, it inhibits the initiation and propagation of cracks within the coating, reduces damage to the coating from tensile and compressive stresses at the interface, and improved the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating.     

Improvement in thermal shock resistance of gadolinium zirconate coating by addition of nanostructured yttria partially-stabilized zirconia

Gadolinium zirconate (Gd₂Zr₂O₇, GZ) as one of the promising thermal barrier coating materials for high-temperature application in gas turbine was toughened by nanostructured 3 mol% yttria partially-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) incorporation. The fracture toughness of the composite of 90 mol% GZ-10 mol% YSZ (GZ–YSZ) was increased by about 60% relative to the monolithic GZ. Both the GZ and GZ–YSZ composite coatings were deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying on Ni-base superalloys and then thermal-shock tested under the same conditions. The thermal-shock lifetime of GZ–YSZ composite coating was improved, which is believed to be mainly attributed to the enhancement of fracture toughness by the addition of YSZ. In addition, the failure mechanisms of the thermal-shock tested GZ–YSZ composite coatings were discussed.