Excited-state absorption of meso-tetrasulfonatophenyl porphyrin: Effects of pH and micelles

The influence of the environment on the excited state transitions of meso-tetrakis(p-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS) is reported. TPPS was investigated in protonated and non-protonated forms, and in the presence of the cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles. The singlet excited-state absorption spectra were measured by using the white-light continuum Z-scan technique and the triplet–triplet absorption spectra were acquired employing an association of laser flash photolysis and Z-scan techniques. Our results show that the perseveration of the molecular symmetry, upon excitation, depends on the state of multiplicity of the molecules, as well as on the environment and structural characteristics of the porphyrin. Additionally, it was observed that for excited molecules, the ring distortion caused by the protonation of porphyrin ring has great influence on the changes observed for the symmetry and vibronic structure. The results clearly show that the porphyrin investigated is a promising candidate for optical limiting applications for all investigated environments.     

一种快速的固体核径迹图像分割方法

针对有效测量中需解决的问题,提出了一种快速的固体核径迹图像分割算法,分初始分割与粘连分离两个过程。初始分割通过数学形态学开操作快速去除背景后,迭代阈值分割法实现;粘连分离采用复合距离变换计算核心膨胀半径,一次膨胀重建单个径迹轮廓。实验结果表明,算法具有较强的抗噪能力,可有效对半径≥2μm径迹进行快速分割,准确率>90%。目前已成功运用于实际项目中。     

Electrochemical insertion of lithium into a doped diamond film grown on carbon felt substrates

This paper summarizes the preliminary results obtained from lithium electrochemical intercalation into boron-doped diamond films grown on carbon felt (BDD/CF electrode). BDD films have been grown by Hot Filaments Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD) and have been characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Raman Scattering spectroscopy. BDD/CF composite electrodes, which contain a diamond layer, lead to higher conductivity and smaller grain sizes. In turn, they are richer in boundary or sp² sites, and present a reversible specific capacity that is much larger than that of the substrate alone, indicating that the diamond layer effectively participates in lithium storage. Diamond layers displaying boron doping levels of 10¹⁹ and 10²¹ part cm^− 3 provide a specific capacity of 160 and 370 mA h g^− 1, respectively, which is associated with lithium storage.     

小型化快响应软X射线探测器研究

研制了用于探测脉宽为亚纳秒级软X射线脉冲的小型化X射线探测器,对该类结构的X射线探测器的响应时间参数进行了理论分析与计算。根据理论分析与计算结果,采用基于有限元法的电磁场仿真软件HFSS10.0对该探测器的探测二极管进行了电磁场建模与仿真,并根据传输线理论对传输超宽带信号的同轴输出通路进行了优化设计,采用超薄高介电强度薄膜构成大存储电容的新方式,解决了设计该类高速探测器中存在的大存储电容与耐高压的技术难题。在“神光Ⅲ原型激光装置”上对该探测器进行了实验考核。实验结果表明,探测器的响应时间可达51 ps。此外,还对设计该类高速响应探测器时某些物理学方面的考虑进行了讨论。     

熔石英元件抛光加工表面残余应力的计算方法

为解决传统检测方法无法直接定量检测非晶体熔石英玻璃表面残余应力的问题,基于脆性固体断裂力学理论,推导残余应力的理论计算公式,提出光学元件抛光加工表面残余应力计算新方法.采用尖锐压头进行纳米印压实验,提取压痕过程中对残余应力敏感的参数,并对实验数据进行线性拟合,确定拟合线的斜率,通过测量残余应力引起其他物理参数的变化计算残余应力.对比分析结果表明,计算得到残余应力值与应力双折射仪检测得到的数据基本吻合,验证了提出残余应力计算方法的正确性.     

空间滤波器阵列结构优化设计

给出了新型大型激光装置阵列化空间滤波器结构优化设计。对大口径阵列化光束超长程传输、光路控制、光束质量控制,以及支撑稳定性、震动隔离、离轴调节等关键技术进行了分析研究,对物理方案和参数进行分解。运用Pro/E软件建立阵列化空间滤波器三维实体模型,给出了阵列化空间滤波器的总体结构解决方案。对关键部件和技术指标进行了详细分析,采取了新颖的结构和相应的技术措施;运用ANSYS分析软件对结构刚性、强度、振型等指标进行分析,通过有限元仿真与CAD环境的双向嵌入优化结构;为给装置结构的适应性找到可靠的评估依据,对影响稳定性较大的器件和单元进行了微振动测试和分析。理论分析和测试结果表明,该方案达到了优化设计,是可行的。     

大功率激光驱动器镜组性能影响因素分析

为了分析透镜的几何尺寸公差、透镜的装配公差和镜组在线安装公差等主要因素对惯性约束大功率激光聚变驱动器注入镜组性能的影响规律,建立了关于镜组性能影响因素的模型,并采用Matlab和光学设计分析软件对模型进行了模拟计算.通过模拟计算的数据,对注入镜组性能影响显著的要素进行了分析.分析结果表明,透镜的几何尺寸公差、装配公差和镜组在线安装公差与镜组焦距公差、波像差呈线性关系.模拟计算结果和镜组公差判据为保证镜组性能需要的制造和安装公差提供了依据.