地表水质监测模型中的几种人工智能方法

重点对地表水质预测模型的几种人工智能方法进行了评述,具体说明了BP神经网络水质预测模型、地表水COD灰色预测模型、时间数列预测方法及WASP5模型系统等方法的原理和特点.并提出地表水质预测模型WASP5与GIS系统集成的趋势,建立水质自动监测系统是我国水质现状和社会发展的需要,并分析了发展水质自动检测系统的方法及可行性.     

Fabrication and thermal performance of grooved-sintered wick heat pipe简

Some novel grooved-sintered composite wick heat pipes（GSHP） were developed for the electronic device cooling.The grooved-sintered wicks of GSHP were fabricated by the processes of oil-filled high-speed spin forming and solid state sintering.The wick could be divided into two parts for liquid capillary pumping flow：groove sintered zone and uniform sintered zone.Both of the thermal resistance network model and the maximum heat transfer capability model of GSHP were built.Compared with the theoretical values,the heat transfer limit and thermal resistance of GSHP were measured from three aspects：copper powder size,wick thickness and number of micro grooves.The results show that the wick thickness has the greatest effect on the thermal resistance of GSHP while the copper powder size has the most important influence on the heat transfer limit.Given certain copper powder size and wick thickness,the thermal resistance of GSHP can be the lowest when micro-groove number is about 55.     

Single image shadow detection via uncertainty analysis and GCN-based refinement strategy

Learning-based shadow detection methods have achieved an impressive performance, while these works still struggle on complex scenes, especially ambiguous soft shadows. To tackle this issue, this work proposes an efficient shadow detection network (ESDNet) and then applies uncertainty analysis and graph convolutional networks for detection refinement. Specifically, we first aggregate global information from high-level features and harvest shadow details in low-level features for obtaining an initial prediction. Secondly, we analyze the uncertainty of our ESDNet for an input shadow image and then take its intensity, expectation, and entropy into account to formulate a semi-supervised graph learning problem. Finally, we solve this problem by training a graph convolution network to obtain the refined detection result for every training image. To evaluate our method, we conduct extensive experiments on several benchmark datasets, i.e., SBU, UCF, ISTD, and even on soft shadow scenes. Experimental results demonstrate that our strategy can improve shadow detection performance by suppressing the uncertainties of false positive and false negative regions, achieving state-of-the-art results.     

亚热带地区校园建筑空调系统节能技术的应用

在分析校园建筑功能和使用规律以及校园建筑空调系统的性能特点的基础上,以南方某高校新校区校园建筑空调系统为研究案例,研究亚热带地区校园建筑空凋系统中的节能环保技术与方法.结果表明:针对校园建筑的用途和结构规模不同,采用不同的空调机组可有效节能.针对校园建筑使用的时效性特点,采用变频技术合理调节新风量、冷冻水流量或冷凝水流量,可有效降低空调系统耗电量.对于校园建筑中有可能回收的热量都可以通过相关辅助设备进行回收,以达到热量再利用的目的.     

An energy matching method for battery electric vehicle and hydrogen fuel cell vehicle based on source energy consumption rate

The smart cities development requires reducing energy consumption and using as much renewable energy as possible, so the widespread use of new energy vehicles is a very important measure. In this work, for the energy system configuration and energy efficiency balance of new energy vehicles, we propose an energy matching method to study its energy efficiency from the view point for energy life cycle. Nowadays, new energy vehicles mainly include battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCEV). Firstly, we proposed the Source to Range (STR) model. Then, based on STR model, we used energy efficiency analysis chart to visually represent the conversion, delivery and consumption of the vehicle energy life cycle. Furthermore, we proposed a Source Energy Consumption Rate (SECR), which is used to evaluate the vehicles energy efficiency. Finally, based on STR model, we obtained the dividing line of the same SECR for new energy vehicles and equivalent fuel vehicles, which provides constraints on the vehicle energy system design. The results show that STR model can provide an effective tool for energy matching and energy efficiency analysis of new energy vehicles, and has a reference for product development of new energy vehicles.     

Model test of immersed tube tunnel foundation treated by sand-flow method

In order to explore the immersed tunnel foundation treated by sand-flow method, modeling principles for the full-scale model test of sand flow were put forward. In addition, a sand-flow test model was built, which consisted of model system, equipment system and measurement system. The situation of sand-deposit expanding and the water pressure in the foundation trench were evaluated through the model test. The results show that a semi-closed space was formed between the model board and the expanding sand deposit, which made the water pressure in it rising with little range of volatility. The sand deposit gradually became non-circular truncated cone which shaped with its expanding radius, and the difference of the water pressure increased at each direction. The water pressure in crater had a linear increase with the sand-deposit radius, with a maximal value of 0.015 2 MPa. The volatility of the water pressure under the tunnel board and the water pressure value in the crater could be used as bases of construction control.     

Size adjustment of spherical temperature-sensitive hydrogel beads by liquid–liquid dispersion using a Kenics static mixer

Temperature-sensitive hydrogel beads were prepared by Kenics static mixer technology. The temperature-sensitive monomer N,N-diethylacrylamide and photo-crosslinkable pre-polymer ENT were used as model hydrogel materials. Drop dispersion of high viscosity polymer material in low viscosity hexadecane was made using the static mixer. Drops of a solution of the mixed materials were rapidly photo-crosslinked by UV irradiation after mixing in the static mixer, and spherical hydrogel beads with narrow, normal size distribution were thus prepared. The Kenics static mixer is a useful device for the preparation of spherical beads of temperature-sensitive hydrogels. The Sauter Mean Diameter of the hydrogel beads swollen in deionized water at 293 K was measured. The experimentally determined dimensionless swollen hydrogel bead diameter was well correlated with the Weber number, degree of swelling and viscosity ratio. The effects of gelation and ENT addition on the bead size were evaluated from the degree of swelling. The correlation equation can be used for size adjustment of temperature-sensitive spherical hydrogel beads.     

Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation of the phase equilibria in the Fe–Ni–V system

The phase equilibria in the Fe–Ni–V ternary system were investigated by means of electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Three isothermal sections of the Fe–Ni–V ternary system at 1000 °C, 1100 °C and 1200 °C were established. On the basis of the obtained experimental data, the phase equilibria in the Fe–Ni–V system were thermodynamically assessed using (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) CALPHAD method, and a consistent set of thermodynamic parameters leading to reasonable agreement between the calculated results and experimental data was obtained.     

消声室的纯音自由声场计算及分析

介绍了消声室的纯音自由声场偏差计算原理,引入了3种不同的计算方法,讨论了3种不同方法的区别。并以南京大学消声室的尺寸为例,对不同频率的纯音信号的自由声场偏差进行计算。最后对计算结果进行讨论,指出如果各个频率的吸声系数都是0．99,高频信号的自由声场偏差大于低频信号,因此消声室的吸声要求应更关注高频部分,而截止频率这个指标在消声室的建设中并没有太多的实际指导意义。     

考虑自锁元件动态特性的超越离合器-齿轮系统模型研究

现有超越离合器动力学模型仅将主从动端的转速差或者转角差作为其处于接合或者超越状态的判断依据,但实际上由于自锁元件的惯性、变形因素及主从动件之间间隙的存在,此类模型在准确描述超越离合器及其传动系统的动力学特性方面存在一些问题。针对此类问题,以现有动力学模型为基础,提出通过转角补偿的形式将自锁元件动态特性的影响纳入建模的考虑因素,基于不同类型的超越离合器模型建立了超越离合器-齿轮系统动力学模型,分别在输入端驱动力矩稳定和波动两种情况下,应用MATLAB/Simulink进行了动力学特性仿真计算,并进行了超越离合器-齿轮系统台架试验。对计算结果和试验结果进行了对比分析,证明超越离合器采用“加入转角补偿的转角差模型”能够更为准确地描述超越离合器-齿轮系统的动态特性。