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1.
《Carbon》2015
Fe2O3 nanorod/carbon nanofiber (CNF) composites were prepared by the electrochemical deposition of Fe2O3 on a web of CNFs, which was then used as a free-standing anode. The conductive, three-dimensional structure of the CNF web allowed for the electrodeposition of the Fe2O3 nanorods, while its high conductivity made it possible to use the composite as a free-standing electrode in lithium-ion batteries. In addition, it was easy and cheap to fabricate by a simplification of a process of cell preparation. The nanorod-like Fe2O3 structures could only be electrodeposited on the CNFs; flake-like Fe2O3 was formed on flat conductive glass substrates. It can be attributed to the different growth mechanism of Fe2O3 on the CNFs because of the large number of reaction sites on the CNFs, differences in the precursor concentration and diffusivity within the CNF web. The formation of aggregates of the Fe2O3 particles on thicker CNFs also indicated that the CNFs had determined the Fe2O3 growth mechanism. The synthesised Fe2O3/CNF composite electrode exhibited stable rate capacities at different current densities. This suggested that CNF-based composite did not exhibit the intrinsic disadvantages of Fe2O3. Finally, carbon coatings were deposited on the Fe2O3/CNF composites to further improve their electronic conductivity and rate capability. 相似文献
2.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(12):20163-20172
A double-layer coating composed of MoSi2–SiO2–SiC/ZrB2–MoSi2–SiC was designed and successfully constructed by a novel combination of precursor pyrolysis assisted sintering and rapid sintering to improve the ablation resistance of SiOC ceramic modified carbon fiber needled felt preform composites (CSs). The ZrB2–MoSi2–SiC inner layer coating was in relatively uniform distribution in the zone of 0–3 mm from the surface of CSs through the slurry/precursor infiltration in vacuum and SiOC precursor pyrolysis assisted sintering, which played a predominant role in improving oxidation and ablation resistance and maintaining the morphology of CSs. The MoSi2–SiO2–SiC outer layer coating was prepared by the spray and rapid sintering to further protect CSs from high-temperature oxidation. The ablation resistance of CSs coated with double-layer coating was evaluated by an oxygen-acetylene ablation test under the temperature of 1600–1800 °C with different ablation time of 1000 and 1500 s. The results revealed that the mass recession rates increased with the rise of ablation temperature and extension of ablation time, ranging from 0.47 g/(m2·s) to 0.98 g/(m2·s) at 1600–1800 °C for 1000 s and from 0.72 g/(m2·s) to 0.86 g/(m2·s) for 1000–1500 s at 1700 °C, while the linear recession rates showed negative values at 1700 °C due to the formation of oxides, such as SiO2 and ZrO2. The ablation mechanism of the double-layer coating was analyzed and found that a SiO2–ZrO2–Mo4.8Si3C0.6 oxidation protection barrier would be formed during the ablation process to prevent the oxygen diffusion into the interior CSs, and this study provided a novel and effective way to fabricate high-temperature oxidation protective and ablation resistant coating. 相似文献
3.
《Ceramics International》2015,41(6):7796-7802
The perovskite proton conductors BaxCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.1Yb0.1O3−δ (x=0.9, 0.94, 0.98, 1.0, 1.03, 1.06, and 1.1) have been successfully prepared by the conventional solid state reaction route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples indicate that BaxCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.1Yb0.1O3−δ (x≥1.0) samples possess a single phase orthorhombic structure, but a secondary phase (Y,Ce)O2−δ exists in BaxCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.1Yb0.1O3−δ (x<1.0) samples. SEM photographs show that the grain size of BaxCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.1Yb0.1O3−δ increases and the porosity decreases with Ba2+ content varying from x=0.9 to 1.1. Because of ZnO addition as sintering aid, the sintering temperature of the samples reduces from 1550 °C to 1250 °C. The chemical stability of the samples against CO2 decreases with the increase in Ba content from x=0.9 to 1.1. All the samples show a excellent stability against water vapor at 850 °C. The conductivities of the samples increase and the activation energies reduce with the increase in Ba content. The present results suggest that it is very important to control the stoichiometry of cations to obtain desired perovskite type high temperature proton conductors. 相似文献
4.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2020,45(7):4054-4064
The feasibility of microbial hydrogen consumption to mitigate the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) under different cathodic potentials was evaluated using the Devanathan-Stachurski electrochemical test and the hydrogen permeation efficiency η. The hydrogen permeation efficiency η in the presence of strain GA-1 was lower than that in sterile medium. The cathodic potential inhibited the adherence of strain GA-1 to AISI 4135 steel surface, thereby reducing the hydrogen consumption of strain GA-1. The adherent GA-1 cells were capable of consuming ‘cathodic hydrogen’ and reducing the proportions of absorbed hydrogen, indicating that it is theoretically possible to control HE by hydrogen-consuming microbes. 相似文献
5.
《Journal of power sources》2006,160(1):657-661
The cathode-active materials, layered Li[Ni0.333Co0.333Mn0.293Al0.04]O2−zFz (0 ≤ z ≤ 0.1), were synthesized from a sol–gel precursor at 900 °C in air. The influence of Al–F co-substitution on the structural and electrochemical properties of the as-prepared samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electrochemical experiments. The results showed that Li[Ni0.333Co0.333Mn0.293Al0.04]O2−zFz has a typical hexagonal structure with a single phase, the particle sizes of the samples tended to increase with increasing fluorine content. It has been found that Li[Ni0.333Co0.333Mn0.293Al0.04]O1.95F0.05 showed an improved cathodic behavior and discharge capacity retention compared to the undoped samples in the voltage range of 3.0–4.3 V. The electrodes prepared from Li[Ni0.333Co0.333Mn0.293Al0.04]O1.95F0.05 delivered an initial discharge capacity of 158 mAh−1 g and an initial coulombic efficiency is 91.3%, and the capacity retention at the 20th cycle was 94.9%. Though the F-doped samples had lower initial capacities, they showed better cycle performances compared with F-free samples. Therefore, this is a promising material for a lithium-ion battery. 相似文献
6.
B. Wilthan G. Pottlacher 《稀有金属(英文版)》2006,25(5):592-596
1. Introduction Metal working industry needs accurate thermo- physical properties of liquid metals and alloys as input data for different simulation routines to im- prove the performance of their products. Within this paper we continue the systematic investigation of the dependence of emissivity of binary alloys on the relative concentration of the constituent elements (for a previous paper see [1]). 2. Experimental method A fast ohmic pulse heating technique is applied to heat metallic wire-s… 相似文献
7.
《Materials Letters》2007,61(4-5):1154-1157
Lanthanum (La), a rare earth element with anticoagulative and antiphlogistic function, was added into the medical grade 316L stainless steel in order to improve its biocompatibility. The corrosion resistance of the La added 316L steel in two different simulated body fluids, simulated blood plasma and Hank's solution, was evaluated. The result showed that the addition of La in the steel could largely affect the corrosion behavior of the steel. The steel with 0.01% La showed the widest passive region and the best resistance to pitting attack, within the addition range of La from 0.01% to 0.08%. The corrosion resistance improvement of La added 316L stainless steel is probably due to the effect of La on the purification of the steel, the modification of inclusions, and the passive film formation in the simulated body fluids. 相似文献
8.
9.
The hot deformation behavior of Mg2B2O5w/Al composite was investigated by compression test at different temperatures and different strain rates. The constitutive equation was established by taking peak stresses as the function of temperatures and strain rates. It was found that the hyperbolic sine law creep equation is in good agreement with the experimental results and can be applied to all flow stresses under various deformation conditions. The apparent activation energy of the composite is 138. 64 kJ /mol, which is approximately equal to that of lattice self-diffusion of pure Al. 相似文献
10.
《Synthetic Metals》2005,148(3):237-243
Self-assembled polyaniline nanofibers doped with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid were prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of a nonionic surfactant. These nanofibers were dedoped to the semiconducting emeraldine base and then redoped to the metallic emeraldine hydrochloride. It was possible to introduce a different dopant anion from that used in the initial synthesis with no significant changes in fiber morphology or diameter, as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The method of sample preparation for SEM significantly affected the observed morphology. Deposition from aqueous dispersions resulted primarily in nanofibers that ranged in diameter from 28 to 82 nm (average: 56 nm), whereas drying to solid powder resulted in a less fibrous material. UV–vis–NIR absorbance spectroscopy indicated that the electronic structure of the emeraldine base nanofibers was identical to bulk emeraldine base obtained by conventional synthesis. Estimates from X-ray diffraction data suggested that the fractional crystallinity of emeraldine hydrochloride nanofibers did not differ significantly from the bulk powder. 相似文献