A synergistic approach to light-free catalysis using zinc oxide embedded multi-walled carbon nanotube paper

Nanoparticle embedded carbon nanotube papers can produce flexible functional films, whose function is based on the electronic coupling of the nanoparticles with the network of carbon nanotubes. Here we report on the expansion of a synergistic light-free catalyst system that requires both the molecular wire capability of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and the piezoelectric properties of ZnO nanoparticles. The electron–hole pairs can be induced by the piezoelectric effect of ZnO nanoparticles under the effect of pressure. The strong oxidizing radicals interact with the electron–hole pairs and aqueous solution to induce the degradation of methylene blue without the requirement of light. This study highlights the use of nanoparticles for the piezoelectric – light free catalyst system and the limitations of increased nanoparticle loading on the catalytic degradation of methylene blue.     

脉冲磁致振荡对纯铝熔体电磁力和流场影响的数值模拟

在金属熔体周围的环绕线圈中,通入窄脉宽高频交变脉冲电流可以细化其凝固组织,这种组织细化方法称为脉冲磁致振荡.采用ANSYS有限元软件研究脉冲磁致振荡对纯铝熔体电磁力和流场的影响,主要包括线圈脉冲电流峰值,铸件直径及线圈尺寸位置等参数.模拟结果显示,脉冲电流峰值增加,熔体感应的电磁力也随着增大,振荡效果增强.铸件直径增大,电磁力驱使的内部流动效果会减弱.线圈尺寸增大,感应电磁力和熔体流动均增强.线圈下部的电磁力与流动分布导致晶粒的细化效果会优于上部.     

籽晶添加对氮化硅陶瓷显微结构与力学性能的影响

以不同配比的Y₂O₃-Al₂O₃为烧结助剂, 通过添加3wt%的单分散β-Si₃N₄籽晶, 采用气压烧结制备了氮化硅陶瓷, 并对所得材料的相组成、密度、室温和高温力学性能及显微结构进行了研究. 结果表明: 不同烧结助剂配比的α-Si₃N₄粉体在1800℃保温2 h即全部转化为β-Si₃N₄, 且各烧结体的相对密度都达到了97%以上. 在6wt%Y₂O₃和4.5wt%Al₂O₃为烧结助剂时, 添加3wt%籽晶的样品其室温强度和1200℃高温强度分别提高了20%和16%, 断裂韧性提高了8%.     

Modelling of Melt Flow and Solidification in the Twin‐Roll Strip Casting Process

A three‐dimensional mathematical model has been developed to simulate turbulent fluid flow, heat transfer and solidification in the pool of a twin‐roll strip caster. A Darcy‐porosity approach was used to study the fluid flow within the mushy solidification zone in the pool. The effect of the heat transfer coefficient and permeability constant on the flow and solidification was also predicted. It was shown that an even flow and temperature distribution of the pool can be obtained by using a suitable feeding system. The heat transfer between the rolls and the solidifying metal has a big influence on the location of the solidification end point. The permeability of the mushy zone is a key factor which affects the flow and solidification in the twin‐roll strip casting process.     

阵列电极研究F-对铜在5％Na2SO4溶液中腐蚀电化学行为的影响

采用阵列电极技术、扫描电子显微镜、自腐蚀电位、极化曲线和电化学阻抗等电化学方法研究F-对铜在5％Na2SO4溶液中腐蚀电化学行为的影响.结果表明:F-使铜表面的腐蚀电流密度增大,自腐蚀电位负移,电化学阻抗降低,铜表面各区域的自腐蚀电位标准方差由21.08增加到28.31,阻抗标准方差由1.431增加到2.071.F-的存在使铜表面的腐蚀产物膜层的形貌及结构发生明显变化,腐蚀产物膜层由均匀致密分布的颗粒状转变为凹凸不平、疏松的多坑状.说明F-能加剧铜的腐蚀并破坏铜表面腐蚀产物膜层,加剧局部微区腐蚀的发生,铜腐蚀趋于不均匀.     

阳极钝化电位对黄铜表面钝化膜半导体性能的影响

目的研究黄铜在不同阳极钝化电位下形成的钝化膜的半导体性能。方法通过动电位极化曲线获取黄铜在硼酸盐缓冲溶液中的维钝电位区间,并选取3个钝化电位值对黄铜进行钝化处理,采用电化学阻抗谱和Mott-Schottky半导体理论研究阳极钝化电位对钝化膜半导体性能的影响,并进一步利用PDM模型进行点缺陷扩散系数的计算。结果黄铜在硼酸盐缓冲溶液中有明显的钝化区间,不同钝化电位对应的Mott-Schottky直线斜率均为负值,且点缺陷扩散系数均为10-14数量级。随着阳极钝化电位的正移,钝化膜的阻抗值不断增加,受主密度降低,平带电位变小,空间电荷层厚度增加。结论黄铜在不同钝化电位下形成的钝化膜均表现出p型半导体的特性,膜中载流子以空穴为主,随着阳极钝化电位的正移,钝化膜的导电性能变差,耐蚀性能增强,对基体的保护作用更好。     

脉冲电流对铸铁固态石墨化中碳原子扩散的影响

分别在室温和高温条件下对球墨铸铁进行不同参数的脉冲电流处理,采用电子探针研究脉冲电流对球墨铸铁固态石墨化过程中碳原子分布的影响.结果表明,脉冲电流加速了渗碳体的石墨化过程,使渗碳体附近的奥氏体中碳原子分布更加均匀,增强了碳原子在奥氏体中的扩散能力.碳原子在奥氏体中扩散能力的增强源于脉冲电流提高了碳原子的扩散系数和缩短了碳原子的扩散距离.     

晶粒度与介质中Cl~-浓度对铜表面钝化膜的影响

采用电化学方法以及Mott-schottky理论,研究了两种不同晶粒大小的铜在不同Cl-浓度溶液中的钝化膜形成过程和机理,计算了不同Cl-浓度溶液中铜在0.2V、0.4V两种电位下阳极氧化后钝化膜中的载流子密度。结果表明:铜在不同条件下表面氧化膜的Mott-schottky曲线线性斜率为负,呈现P型半导体的性质,膜中的多数载流子为空穴。随着铜晶粒度的增大和阳极钝化电位的升高,铜表面钝化膜中的受主密度NA降低;随着介质溶液中的Cl-浓度的升高,钝化膜中的受主密度NA不断增大。     

Kinetics of non-isothermal oxidation of AlN powder

The non-isothermal oxidation of AlN powder has been studied, based on which a new formula has been suggested to express the reacted fraction of the oxidation as a function of oxidation time, oxygen partial pressure, the particle size, as well as the temperature increasing rate explicitly. The application of this new model to the oxidation of AlN powder shows that this new model can give a more accurate and reasonable result. The diffusion activation energy of AlN powder is extracted to be 356.3 kJ/mol.