FB3-F银钎剂去膜机理

研究了由H₃BO₃、K₂B₄O₇和KF（质量比为7:10:3）3种组分配制而成的银钎剂的去膜机理。结果表明：在700 ℃时,K₂B₄O₇或KF都不能单独去除Q235钢板表面的氧化膜,且KF会加快高温下钢表面的氧化速率;H₃BO₃能够去除Q235钢表面的氧化膜,然而其反应产物具有明显的非晶结构特征,并且流动性差。此外在700 ℃时,H₃BO₃与KF能够发生反应,其反应产物可以去除钢表面氧化膜。KF和K₂B₄O₇之间也能在700 ℃发生类似的反应,然而其反应产物非常坚硬。因此,在700 ℃时,H₃BO₃、K₂B₄O₇和KF混合钎剂能够与Q235钢板表面氧化膜反应,且反应产物具有明显的非晶特征。KF的加入将非反应性H₃BO₃-K₂B₄O₇二元体系转化为反应性KF-H₃BO₃-K₂B₄O₇三元体系。在这个三元体系中,KF不但对钢板没有腐蚀性,反而促进了氧化膜的去除。     

热扩散对镀锡银钎料界面组织及熔化特性的影响

对带锡镀覆层的银钎料进行热扩散处理,采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究热扩散工艺对其熔化温度和扩散界面组织、物相的影响. 结果表明,在扩散时间一定条件下,随着扩散温度升高,扩散界面层厚度增加;随着扩散温度升高或扩散时间延长,钎料的固、液相线温度均降低,熔化温度区间缩小;扩散界面层物相主要由棒状Ag₃Sn相和块状Cu₃Sn相组成;最佳热扩散工艺为220 ℃,24 h. 经最佳工艺处理后,扩散界面层厚度为9.1 μm,钎料中Sn含量为7.2%,此时钎料熔化温度区间为642.34 ℃~676.37 ℃. 与传统熔炼合金化方法相比,钎料中Sn含量提高近31%.     

Interface characteristics and mechanical properties of the induction brazed joint of magnesium alloy AZ31B with an Al-based filler metal

In this paper, wrought magnesium alloy AZ31B sheets were brazed by means of high-frequency induction heating device using a novel Al-based filler metal in argon gas shield condition. The interfacial microstructure, phase constitution and fracture morphology of the brazed joint were studied. The experimental results show that α-Mg solid solution and β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase were formed in brazing region. Moreover, the homogeneous Mg₃₂(Al, Zn)₄₉ phase in the original Al-based filler metal disappeared entirely after the brazing process due to the fierce alloying between the molten filler metal and the base metal during brazing. Test results show that the shear strength of the brazed joint is 45 MPa. The fracture morphology of the brazed joint exhibits intergranular fracture mode and the crack originates from the hard β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase.     

Improved mechanical properties of reaction-bonded SiC through in-situ formation of Ti3SiC2

Reaction-bonded SiC is a ceramic with excellent thermal properties, good corrosion resistance and the characteristic of near-net-shape manufacturing. However, the poor fracture toughness of free Si limits the applications of reaction-bonded SiC. In this study, TiC was added to reaction-bonded SiC and reacted with free Si to form Ti₃SiC₂. The effects of TiC and carbon black on the mechanical properties of reaction-bonded SiC were investigated. The results demonstrated that the in-situ formation of Ti₃SiC₂ and decrease in the content and size of free Si improved the mechanical properties of reaction-bonded SiC ceramics. The mechanical properties of TiC-added reaction-bonded SiC with 17.5 wt% carbon black were superior to those of TiC-added reaction-bonded SiC with 15 wt% carbon black. Moreover, increasing the TiC content of reaction-bonded SiC with 17.5 wt% carbon black from 0 to 7.5 wt% caused an increase in its bending strength from 183.92 to 424.43 MPa and an increase in fracture toughness from 3.7 to 5.24 MPa m^1/2.     

Microstructure evolution and cooperative reinforcement mechanisms of Al2O3/Al2O3 joints brazed by low-melting borosilicate glass

The Al₂O₃/SiO₂–B₂O₃–Al₂O₃–Na₂O glass/Al₂O₃ joints reinforced cooperatively by glass matrix and in-situ Al₄B₂O₉ whiskers were obtained via a low-melting borosilicate glass braze. The composition of glass seam transformed from SiO₂–B₂O₃–Na₂O to SiO₂–B₂O₃–Al₂O₃–Na₂O due to continuous diffusion and dissolution of Al₂O₃. An appropriate amount of [AlO₄] units introduced into the glass braze played a vital role in strengthening the glass network structure resulting to considerably improved mechanical strength of the glass seam. Meanwhile, plenty of in-situ Al₄B₂O₉ whiskers growing from the Al₂O₃/glass braze interface to the center of glass seam in various directions generated. Three-dimensional crisscross structures were fabricated at the Al₂O₃/glass braze interface domains, where were enhanced by crack-bridging and pull-out effect of the whiskers. Generally, ascribed to the cooperative reinforcement of the glass matrix in the seam and in-situ Al₄B₂O₉ whiskers at Al₂O₃/glass braze interface domains through reactions of Al₂O₃ and borosilicate glass braze, strength of the as-brazed joints was promoted prominently. The shear strength of the joints reached a maximum of 61 MPa brazed at 1050 °C for 60 min.     

Joining ZTA ceramic by using Dy2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 glass ceramic filler

In this paper, a novel Dy₂O₃-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ (DAS) glass ceramic was designed and prepared for joining zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramic. The crystallization, thermal expansion behavior and wetting behavior of the DAS glass filler were studied. The effect of cooling rate and joining temperature on the microstructure and flexural strength of joints was investigated. The results show that slow cooling rate (15 °C/min) leads to crystallization of brazing seam, which causes the formation of pores in the joints due to the large density difference between the glass and the crystalline phases. The dissolution of ZrO₂ from ZTA substrate into the filler during joining process improves the mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the brazing seam and substrate. The maximum flexural strength of 535 MPa is obtained when the joining temperature and cooling rate are 1475 °C and 50 °C/min, respectively.     

Microstructure evolution and bonding strength of the Al2O3/Al2O3 interface brazed via Ni-Ti intermetallic phases

In this study, Al₂O₃ workpieces were vacuum brazed by using Ni-45Ti binary alloy. The interfacial microstructure evolution of the joints obtained at different brazing temperatures was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The bonding strength of the joints was measured by shear testing. The results indicated that Ni₂Ti₄O and AlNi₂Ti were the main reaction products in the joint areas. Moreover, the Ti₂Ni intermetallic compound formed in the brazing seam. The typical layer structure of the brazed joints was Al₂O₃/AlNi₂Ti/Ni₂Ti₄O/Ti₂Ni + NiTi/Ni₂Ti₄O/AlNi₂Ti/Al₂O₃. With the brazing temperature increasing, the thickness of the Ni₂Ti₄O reaction layer adjacent to the Al₂O₃ substrate increased significantly, while the AlNi₂Ti phase had a tendency to dissolve with the brazing temperature increasing. The mechanism for the microstructure evolution was also discussed. The maximum shear strength of 125.63±4.87 MPa of the joints was obtained when brazed at 1350 °C for 30min. The fracture occurred hardly in the interface between Al₂O₃ and Ni-45Ti filler alloy.     

烧结压力对自钎剂钎料性能的影响

采用热压烧结法制备了Al-12Si自钎剂钎料环,对不同烧结压力下钎料的润湿性、显微硬度和显微组织进行了研究. 结果表明,自钎剂钎料润湿性环随着烧结压力升高呈现上升趋势,在烧结压力为222 MPa时铺展面积达到152 mm2;随着烧结压力的增大,自钎剂钎料密度、显微硬度逐渐增大,但上升趋势变缓;钎料显微组织主要是灰色基体上均匀分布着黑色大块状相和白色小颗粒;XRD结果显示自钎剂钎料只有α-Al固溶体,初晶硅和Nocolok钎剂三种物相,热压烧结法制备自钎剂钎料未发生氧化、水解等反应,加上硅的活化作用保证了钎料高活性.     

氧含量对银基粉状钎料润湿性及钎缝力学性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜等分析手段对退火不同时间后的银基粉状钎料进行研究.结果表明,随着氧含量增加,钎料合金的固相线温度不断升高,氧含量为0.6047%的钎料固相线温度比铸态的提高了近56℃;随着氧含量的增加,钎料表层覆盖了大量的氧化物,使钎料和基体之间不能进行良好的润湿,润湿性明显下降;当氧含量增加到0.02%左右时,钎料抗拉强度略有降低,继续增加氧含量,抗拉强度下降速率开始增加,当氧含量增加到0.03%以上时,强度急速下降,由最初的300 MPa左右降低到了170 MPa左右;焊接接头组织中出现夹杂物,而且夹杂物的尺寸随着氧含量的增加不断增大,钎着率降低.     

CuSnTiNi钎料真空钎焊金刚石

采用两种不同比例CuSnTiNi混合单质金属粉,对金刚石在1 040℃保温5 min进行了真空钎焊试验.利用SEM,EDS及XRD对金刚石焊后界面微结构和钎料的微观组织进行了测试分析.结果表明,适合钎焊金刚石的活性成分为BCu70Sn15Ti10Ni5（质量分数,%）,该钎料能够在钎焊时首先合金化,在金刚石表面形成了断续的TiC,实现了金刚石的高强度连接,金刚石的热损伤较小,钎料组织由α-Cu固溶体、δ-Cu₃₁Sn₈等相组成,该钎料显微硬度为130~180 HV0.1,比CuSnTi有较高的硬度.