A new calibration model of camera lens distortion

Lens distortion is one of the main factors affecting camera calibration. In this paper, a new model of camera lens distortion is presented, according to which lens distortion is governed by the coefficients of radial distortion and a transform from ideal image plane to real sensor array plane. The transform is determined by two angular parameters describing the pose of the real sensor array plane with respect to the ideal image plane and two linear parameters locating the real sensor array with respect to the optical axis. Experiments show that the new model has about the same correcting effect upon lens distortion as the conventional model including all the radial distortion, decentering distortion and prism distortion. Compared with the conventional model, the new model has fewer parameters to be calibrated and more explicit physical meaning.     

基于卷积神经网络的混叠光谱解调方法

研究了一种基于深度学习的光纤光栅混叠FBG光谱解调方法。利用卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Networks, CNN)模型处理混叠光谱非线性序列模型问题,通过一维卷积神经网络预测识别混叠光谱中心波长,并搭建了并联结构的混叠光谱数据自动采集实验系统,验证了混叠光谱的中心波长高精度解调。实验分析了训练样本、迭代次数对训练时间、测试时间、解调精度的影响,并对训练完成后的模型进行了解调时间测试。分别与其他解调算法进行了解调精度和测试时间对比,同时对同一组光谱数据使用解调模型算法及最高点寻峰算法进行中心波长值的对比并进行误差分析。实验结果表明:解调模型均方根误差结果为0.082 58 pm,使用Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8550U CPU （Central Processing Unit）的解调计算时间为0.338 s。研究结果表明:采用卷积神经网络模型对于混叠光谱中心波长解调结果的准确性具有合理性,与其他算法相比,文中的解调算法在解调精度和时间上具有优势,模型大小在400 kB以下,所需算力较小,可部署在小型嵌入式设备中,在大规模机载传感网络,结构健康监测中有良好的应用前景。     

基于遗传算法的多处理器系统任务调度

用一种遗传算法的调度策略,以大维度矩阵求逆为实验对象,探索在多核中如何完成任务的均衡分配问题,以达到加速效果.算法利用系统资源的弹性,自动搜寻可以并行的子任务并将其合理地分配到相应计算节点中,提高了多核系统资源调度性能,实现了对用户提交的任务的优化调度,达到了均衡系统各处理器计算负载和提高多核系统的总体性能的目标.     

An I-shape linear piezoelectric actuator using resonant type longitudinal vibration transducers

Resonant type longitudinal vibration transducers are used in this work to construct a linear piezoelectric actuator with four driving feet. Totally three longitudinal transducers are integrated in I-shape to form the proposed actuator, which contains one vertical transducer and two horizontal transducers. These three transducers vibrate under longitudinal modes with certain temporal sequence, whose vibrations are superimposed in the actuator to generate elliptical motions on the four driving feet. The three transducers are tuned to be suitable dimensions, under which they have very close 1st longitudinal resonance frequencies; the working frequency of the piezoelectric actuator is designed to be about 31.3 kHz. The vibration coupling problem between the longitudinal transducers are studied by calculating the motion trajectories of the four feet. It is found that the temporal shift of the longitudinal vibrations can be used to tune the movement trajectories; the four feet can get nearly the same vertical displacements under a phase shift of 105°. At last, the vibration characteristics and mechanical output performances of a prototype are measured. The working frequency of the prototype, the maximum speed, and the maximum thrust force are measured to be 33.15 kHz, 1563 mm/s, and 158.2 N, respectively.     

Crystal field of rare earth impurities in LaF3

The crystal field parameters of 13 trivalent lanthanide ions substituted for La in LaF₃ were calculated using the combination of the band structure and Wannier function calculations. Performing an atomic exact diagonalization with thus obtained crystal-field parameters we compute the crystal-field splitting of atomic multiplets. The calculation is compared with the available experimental results and a good agreement is found.     

Tunable dual-wavelength ring fiber laser with stable output based on saturable absorber and thin core passive fiber

A dual-wavelength erbium-doped ring fiber laser is proposed and experimentally demonstrated though a detailed theoretical analysis and experimental verification. The proposed dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser, which is based on a ring fiber laser structure, is fabricated using two fiber Bragg gratings. By adjusting the gains and losses of the fiber laser structure, the laser can be switched between single- and double-wavelength modes. A saturable absorber (SA) is used to improve the output laser stability, which is further enhanced by splicing a thin core passive fiber (TCPF) into the laser cavity to produce a Mach–Zehnder filter effect. Optimizing the lengths of the SA and TCPF results in the adoption of a 1-m EDF and a 4-m passive fiber. On the basis of these enhancements and optimizations, a fiber laser with stable output is constructed that incurs single- or dual-wavelength laser shifts of less than 3 pm at room temperature over a period of 250 s.     

基于遗传算法的柱面光栅测角技术研究

高精度角度测量装置是保证旋转设备精度和性能的关键, 广泛应用于测量跟踪仪器中, 特别是对于大尺寸坐标测量仪器, 测角相比于测距是制约坐标测量精度的瓶颈。在精密一维轴系平台上, 采用高精度柱面光栅及四个读数头构建测角装置, 对传感器本身、安装及轴系跳动等误差因素对测角精度的影响进行了详细分析。基于角度测量标准器具校准角度测量误差, 对误差数据进行谐波分析。基于遗传算法提出了一种参数优化方法, 建立误差补偿模型, 对测角误差进行了补偿。实验结果显示, 补偿后柱面光栅测角误差减少为0.7, 证明了误差补偿算法的有效性, 显著地提高了角度测量精度。     

自驱动关节臂坐标测量机模块化关节设计

传统的关节臂测量机工作时是依靠工作人员牵拉实现运动和测量,存在路径规划不佳、主观性误差大、测量效率低等问题很难适应智能制造对在线自动测量系统的新要求。本文提出了利用含有无刷电机、谐波减速器及精密轴系的模块化关节构成自驱动关节臂坐标测量机的构想,并对模块化关节进行了构型设计,建立了单关节扭矩估算模型,在此基础上选择了关节2的电机和谐波减速器,设计了关节模块的测控电路,研制了单关节部件样机并进行了重复性实验。其中单方向测量数据表明,为保证较小的测量重复性误差,关节在运动时应尽量避免速度或加速度突变的运动形式;双方向测量的数据表明,当控制电机运动速率小于1.53rad/s时,测头因回弹产生误触发信号的概率较小,此时最大误差数据为±2.11″。上述实验也验证了模块化关节设计方案的可行性,为后续自驱动关节臂坐标测量机整机研制提供了理论和实验依据。     

Enzymatic sensing with laccase-functionalized textile organic biosensors

Herein we present a textile wearable electrochemical transistor by functionalizing a single cotton yarn with semiconducting polymer. The organic electrochemical transistor (OECT), which is low cost and completely integrated e-textile, is decorated by adsorption of the fungal laccase POXA1b, and is used as biosensor for the direct detection of Tyrosine (L-Tyr) without the use of electron mediators. The detection of Tyr in real-case scenario such as human physiological fluids would own a paramount importance in noninvasive analysis of the patient's condition, monitoring and preventing several pathologies. To assess the reaction progression, the redox process is studied by UV–visible absorption with test reference molecule of 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS): the results confirmed that the oxidation reaction is driven by the presence of laccase enzyme and direct electron transfer occurred. The modulation of the signal response and the kinetic of the signal is used to detect Tyr molecule in aqueous solution and the role of the enzyme adsorption on the textile is analyzed. A kinetic analysis of the characteristic modulation times of the sensing curves, confirm the sensing properties of the textile device. The textile-based biosensor is demonstrated to monitor human health biomarkers through wearable applications in a non-invasive way, finding potential application in sport, healthcare and working safety.     

Enhanced field emission from nano-graphite coated carbon nanotubes

An effective method by low energy carbonhydrogen ion treatment to enhance field emission of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is demonstrated. Comparing with control, field emission (FE) currents of the CNTs by carbonhydrogen ion irradiation increased, and the turn-on field and the threshold field decreased significantly. The structure characteristic revealed by transmission electron microscopy demonstrates that CNTs are coated by nano-graphite particles after being treated with low energy carbonhydrogen ion and that there are large quantities of defects and grain boundaries in the coated layer. It is considered that the coating layer can decrease the effective surface work function of CNTs and correspondingly increase field emission. In addition, the defects, the grain boundaries and the C-H dipoles forming in the process of the low energy ions irradiation can effectively enhance the field emission.