A novel deep learning scheme for multi-condition remaining useful life prediction of rolling element bearings

The remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of a rolling element bearing is important for more reasonable maintenance of machinery and equipment. Generally, the information of a failure can hardly be acquired in advance while running and the degradation process varies in terms of different faults. Thus, fault identification is indispensable for a multi-condition RUL prediction, where, however, the fault identification and RUL prediction are separated in most studies. A new hybrid scheme is proposed in this paper for the multi-condition RUL prediction of rolling element bearings. The proposed scheme contains both classification and regression, where the 2D-DCNN based classifier and predictors are built concerning typical fault conditions of a bearing. For the online prediction, the raw signals are spanned in the time-frequency domain and then transferred into images as the input of the scheme. The classifier is used to monitor the vibration of rolling bearings for online fault recognition and excite the corresponding predictor for RUL prediction once a fault is detected. The output from the predictor is amended by the proposed adaptive delay correction method as the final prediction results. A demonstration is performed based on the XJTU-SY datasets and the results are compared with those from the state-of-the-art methods, which proves the superiority of the proposed scheme in improving the accuracy and linearity of RUL prediction. The time cost of the proposed online prediction scheme is also investigated and the results indicate high time effectiveness.     

建筑火灾中远程交互模式对寻路绩效的影响

火灾搜救团队在高层建筑火灾中信息交互手段受限且缺乏理论支持。本文根据空间信息的传递方式选取3种交互模式：1） 语音;2） 建筑平面图及规范语音;3） 视频。实地模拟高层建筑火场进行实验,记录并分析参试者逃生时间与路程。结果表明,在语言沟通方式下,逃生时间与逃生所走的总距离最长。在建筑平面图及语音沟通方式下,逃生时间与逃生所走的总距离最短。在动态环境下,建筑平面图及规范语音的交互模式使得寻路更高效且更准确。     

掘进工作面煤壁突然压出影响因素模拟研究

基于河北邯郸郭二庄矿建立了掘进工作面三维数值模型,利用3DEC离散元模拟软件分析了煤层埋深、掘进速度及煤体力学强度对工作面煤体突然压出的影响,并采用正交试验法将各影响因素依据重要程度进行排序。研究结果表明:掘进工作面上固定点最大水平位移值与埋深变化基本呈正相关线性关系;煤壁压出位移方向均向巷道中轴线靠拢,且水平位移明显大于竖直位移;在埋深600~1 000 m条件下,工作面应力集中区宽度约10 m,应力峰值位置距工作面约5 m;影响掘进工作面煤壁突然压出因素,按照重要程度依次为煤层埋深 > 掘进速度 > 煤体力学强度。研究成果为进一步认识煤壁突然压出及预防措施提供参考。     

A novel deep convolutional neural network-bootstrap integrated method for RUL prediction of rolling bearing

In this study, a novel deep convolutional neural network-bootstrap-based integrated prognostic approach for the remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of rolling bearing is developed. The proposed architecture includes two main parts: 1) a deep convolutional neural network–multilayer perceptron (i.e., DCNN–MLP) dual network is utilized to simultaneously extract informative representations hidden in both time series-based and image-based features and to predict the RUL of bearings, and 2) the proposed dual network is embedded into the bootstrap-based implementation framework to quantify the RUL prediction interval. Unlike other deep-learning-based prognostic approaches, the proposed DCNN-bootstrap integrated method has two innovative features: 1) both 1D time series-based and 2D image-based features of bearings, which can multi-dimensionally characterize the degradation of bearings, are comprehensively leveraged by the proposed dual network, and 2) the RUL prediction interval can be effectively quantified without relying on the bearing’s physical or statistical prior information based on bootstrap implementation paradigm. The proposed approach is experimentally validated with two case studies on rolling element bearings, and comparisons with other state-of-the-art techniques are also presented. Subsequently, our code will be open sourced.     

车间纵向减振器特性参数对高速动车组动力学性能的影响研究

目前国内外高速列车中对于车间纵向减振器的应用较少。为了解车间纵向减振器对列车动力学性能的影响,根据CRH380B型动车组实际参数,运用动力学仿真软件SIMPACK建立装有车间纵向减振器的四动四拖八节编组列车系统动力学模型。通过改变车间纵向减振器的阻尼与节点刚度来分析其对列车平稳性、稳定性和曲线通过性的影响。分析结果表明：车间纵向减振器特性参数对车体横向加速度、车体摇头运动、横向平稳性指标等车体的横向动力学性能有一定影响,其中对车体1~3 Hz的低频摇头运动有明显的抑制作用,抑制效果达到了36.4%;但是车间纵向减振器特性参数对列车走行部的动力学性能影响相对较小。安装合理阻尼与节点刚度的车间纵向减振器能够有效地提升列车整体动力学性能。     

动车组铸钢制动盘裂纹扩展寿命预测

为研究动车组铸钢制动盘出现裂纹后裂纹扩展速率和扩展寿命,根据制动盘材料参数,使用ANSYS软件建立制动盘的循环对称三维瞬态计算模型,采用间接耦合方法计算制动盘的温度场和应力场,得到在动车组速度为300 km/h的工况下,裂纹处的温度为355.33℃。以温度计算结果作为初始载荷计算制动盘热应力,制动盘最大热应力为899 MPa,盘面裂纹处的应力为501 MPa。并将计算结果作为计算制动盘的载荷输入到NASGRO中,对裂纹扩展速率和扩展寿命进行计算和分析。计算和分析结果表明,此材料制动盘径向裂纹长度尖端处的应力强度因子和扩展速率均高于深度尖端处;计算得出制动盘裂纹扩展寿命为制动48 831次,为该制动盘的使用提供参考。     

基于ACMD和脊检测的滚动轴承非平稳故障诊断

针对非平稳状况滚动轴承振动信号易受速度波动、幅值或频率调制、噪声和其他无关分量的干扰,导致生成的时频面复 杂,难以识别滚动轴承故障特征频率等问题,提出一种新的基于自适应调频模式分解和脊检测相结合的方法。 所提出的方法构 建了高分辨率的时频表示,提升了诊断的准确度,而且具有非常强的自适应性。 通过对不同健康状况滚动轴承振动信号分析发 现,所提方法非常适合于变工况下的滚动轴承故障诊断,且诊断效果优于最新发展的时频分析方法。     

Optimal robust control of a contactless brake system using an eddy current

As vehicle speed increases, a more powerful brake system is required to ensure vehicle safety and its reliability. A contactless eddy current brake (ECB) is developed to take the superior advantages of fast anti-lock braking to the conventional hydraulic brake systems. Braking torque analysis is performed by using an approximate theoretical model and the model is modified through experiments to have a more reliable result. Designs of an ECB for a scaled model for demonstration and actual vehicle model are performed. Optimal torque control which minimizes a braking distance is achieved by maintaining a desired slip ratio corresponding to the road condition. Optimal controller which is robust to the varying road friction coefficients is designed by using a sliding mode controller. Simulation and experimental results for a scaled model are presented to investigate the performance of a contactless ECB.     

A class of biaxial micro/meso-scale structures for isotropic in-plane inertial sensing and actuation: design,fabrication and experiments

Microsystem Technologies - A micro/meso-scale monolithic architecture was designed, fabricated and tested for in-plane inertial sensing and actuation with isotropic stiffness in the sensitive plane...     

高速列车制动盘SiCp／A356颗粒增强铝基复合材料的热疲劳性能研究

通过SiCp／A356颗粒增强复合材料切口试样在20℃-300℃循环下的热疲劳试验,获得热疲劳裂纹形成寿命与试样切口半径及厚度等几何尺寸的关系。采用热弹塑性有限元法模拟热疲劳试验中试样切口根部的应力．应变响应,进而揭示出残余应力形成机制。结合热疲劳试验的裂纹形成寿命与有限元模拟的应力．应变响应,建立起考虑平均应力影响的...