New Hg2+ and Ag+ selective colorimetric sensor based on thiourea subunits

Anthraquinone derivative (ANNCS) having two thiourea groups was synthesized. ANNCS can selectively sense Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ through different color change, which was visually discernible by a 58 nm blue shift in the presence of Hg²⁺ and a broadening of the band in the presence of Ag⁺. The recognition mechanism is attributed to the unique structure of anthraquinone attached thiourea group and the interaction between sulfur atom and Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺.     

Nutrient composition and food potential of Parkia roxburghii,a less known tree legume from northeast India

The nutrient compositions of Parkia roxburghii kernels and pods (i.e. tender, immature and mature) were determined. Protein content of the kernel was 29% and that of pods 13–19%. Similarly, fat content was highest (34%) in the kernel and ranged from 1–16% in the pods. Unsaturated acids Oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids made up 63–68% of the total fat in the pods as well as the kernels. The total essential amino acids amounted to 33%, 36% and 39% in the tender, immature, mature pods, respectively, and 42% in the kernels. The essential amino acid pattern of the kernel was comparable to the FAO/WHO/UNU (1985) amino acid requirement for preschoolers. However, the amino acid scores of the tender, immature and mature pods were 64, 84 and 92, respectively, with sulphur amino acids as the limiting amino acids in all the pod samples.     

Synthesis and electrochemical anion recognition by novel redox-responsive ferrocenoyl dipeptide ester derivatives; 1H NMR anion complexation studies

The synthesis of six N-ferrocenoyl dipeptide ester derivatives FcCOR (Fc=(η⁵-C₅H₅)Fe(η⁵-C₅H₄); R=Gly-Gly(OMe) (1), Leu-Leu(OEt) (2), Ala-Phe(OEt) (3), Phe-Phe(OMe) (4), Phe-Leu(OBn) (5) and Phe-Ser(OEt) (6)) is described. The electrochemical anion sensing behaviour (using a platinum microdisk working electrode) and ¹H NMR anion coordination studies of these novel pendant N-ferrocenoyl dipeptide ester derivatives with a range of anions are reported.     

NIR based quality control of frying fat samples by means of Polar Qualification System

NIR spectroscopy based monitoring of quality changes of culinary fats and oils was aimed during prolonged heating (4 types, 36 h, 7 heating temperatures, n = 252).“Heat-sum” value was defined as heating temperature × heating time. Samples were sub-ordered into four heat-sum classes, representing deterioration during commercial use. Polar Qualification System was utilized for the identification of fat or oil types and heat-sum classes by the recorded NIR spectra. After fat and oil types were classified precisely with a polar sensitivity value over 4.5, optimization was run on heat-sum classes by fat and oil types, respectively. Sensitivity values were between 0.75 and 3.42 for animal fats when different heat-sum classes were identified. These values were between 1.39 and 6.86 for vegetable oils, indicating that classification was more effective from the early stage of heating, as compared to animal fats. Lower sensitivity values obtained for animal fats show that vegetable oils underwent a more expressed degradation during heating.     

Hydrophilization of gigaporous polystyrene microspheres with saccharide as high-speed protein chromatography base support

Gigaporous poly(styrene–divinylbenzene) (PS) microspheres were hydrophilically modified with natural saccharide to minimize their nonspecific adsorption to proteins. The microspheres were chloroacetylated through Friedel–Crafts acetylation with chloroacetyl chloride, and then coupled with diacetone-D-glucose (DAGlu) through the Williamson reaction, and the protecting groups were removed on DAGlu. Results showed that the PS microspheres were successfully coupled with DAGlu and that the gigaporous structure was well maintained. After hydrophilization (Glu-PS), nonspecific adsorption of proteins on PS microspheres was greatly reduced. The high surface density of hydroxyl groups on Glu-PS microspheres surface make it easy to derivatize the spheres by classical methods. Flow experiments showed that the Glu-PS column had low backpressure, good permeability, and mechanical stability. All results indicate that the Glu-PS microspheres have great potential applications in high-speed protein chromatography.     

A mild and efficient synthesis of benzodiazepines using La(NO3)3 · 6H2O as a catalyst under solvent-free conditions

An efficient and clean synthesis of benzodiazepines is described by the reaction of o-phenylenediamine with different types of methyl/methylene ketones in the presence of catalytic amounts of La(NO₃)₃ · 6H₂O under solvent-free conditions at room temperature in excellent yields.     

Sonodynamic Bacterial Inactivation Enhanced by an Actuator-Integrated Mechanism

Sonodynamic bacterial inactivation, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-empowered approach featuring high penetration depth and low health risk, is explored for antibiotic-free antibacterial treatment. However, the low yield and insufficient diffusion of ROS negatively affect the antibacterial efficacy of sonodynamic treatment, thus hindering its further development. Here an actuator-integrated mechanism is proposed for enhancing the sonodynamic efficacy of loaded sonosensitizers through motion-induced hydrodynamic effects, demonstrated by a porphyrin-decorated gold nanomotor, which can produce ROS for bacterial inactivation while performing multimodal motion via actuation using low-frequency ultrasound. Corroborated by numerical simulation, the experimental results show that the motor's stirring motion significantly increases the yield and diffusion of ROS through fluid flow and frequent interactions between the motor and bacterial targets, resulting in doubled antibacterial efficiency in comparison to a stationary motor. Furthermore, the flow-induced shear forces combined with the frequent interactions constitute a source of mechanical damage and can form a synergy with the antibacterial properties of ROS, enabling an efficient biofilm eradication that is inaccessible by freely suspended porphyrin. In conclusion, this study reports a motion-based strategy to enhance sonodynamic efficacy and provides proof of concept using a sonodynamic gold nanomotor powered by ultrasound.     

白块菌多糖理化特性分析及对运动疲劳小鼠肝脏氧化损伤的保护作用

探究白块菌多糖（Tuber panzhihuanense Polysaccharide,TPP）的理化特性,研究其对运动疲劳小鼠肝脏氧化损伤的保护作用。采用超声辅助热水提取粗多糖,柱层析分离纯化并测定其分子量和单糖组成,构建小鼠运动疲劳模型,测定相关生化指标以探究TPP对运动疲劳小鼠肝脏的保护作用。结果显示,TPP分离纯化得到TPP-A和TPP-B两个主要组分,其分子质量分别为23.74和46.81 ku,TPP-A含有甘露糖和葡萄糖,TPP-B含有甘露糖、葡萄糖和葡萄糖醛酸;与过度运动模型组（E-CK）相比,TPP组明显减少了小鼠肝细胞中的炎症因子,降低了血清中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶水平以及肝组织中活性氧、丙二醛含量（P<0.05）,提高了肝组织中抗氧化酶活性,其低、中、高剂量组超氧化物歧化酶活性分别升高了18.15%、39.73%、59.06%(P<0.05),过氧化氢酶活性分别升高了49.91%、86.40%、127.80%(P<0.05),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性分别升高了16.00%、24.01%、38.87%(P<0.05)。研究表明TPP具有提高小鼠...