不同采收期不同品种莲藕的营养品质变化规律及评价

目的 探究不同采收期不同品种莲藕的营养成分和活性成分的变化规律。方法 选取5个采收期的4个品种莲藕,测定蛋白质、淀粉等指标。采用主成分分析和聚类分析进行综合评价,并建立莲藕品质评价模型。结果 在采收期内,莲藕淀粉含量呈现先上升后下降再上升的趋势,可溶性糖的变化趋势与其相反;总酚含量整体呈现先上升后下降的趋势;蛋白质、膳食纤维等指标呈现不同的变化规律。主成分分析法提取出PC1、PC2、PC3 3个主成分因子,特征值依次为2.274、1.933、1.023,累积方差贡献率达87.170%。不溶性膳食纤维、可溶性膳食纤维、可溶性总糖、淀粉、总酚和总黄酮6个指标可以用来综合评价莲藕营养品质。综合评价发现, 9月采收的八月粉,10月的鄂莲6号,2月的鄂莲10号和鄂莲11号,营养品质较好,优于其他采收期。3月采收的4个品种莲藕的综合营养品质较低。结论 在采收期内, 4个品种莲藕的营养物质动态规律存在一定差异。基于主成分分析和聚类分析的分析方法能够科学评价不同采收期莲藕的综合营养品质,为莲藕育种、加工等提供支撑。     

A mini review on manipulation of carbohydrate for better use in surimi and surimi products: modification and compounding

Carbohydrate is widely used in the production of surimi and surimi products to improve their qualities, such as anti-freezing capability, gelling ability, nutrition, flavor and 3D printability. More and more native carbohydrates have been modified through physical methods (e.g., ball milling, irradiation and differential sedimentation), chemical method (e.g., deacetylation, hydroxypropylation and acetic acid esterification) or enzymatic method (e.g., chitosanase) before being used in the processing of surimi and surimi products in recent years. At the same time, different carbohydrates are compounded and applied to surimi and surimi products. The modified and compounded carbohydrates in surimi have been proved to improve quality of surimi and surimi products more pronouncedly than native carbohydrates. Therefore, this review summarizes the manipulation of carbohydrate by modification and compounding to improve the qualities of surimi and surimi products. Moreover, the prospects for carbohydrate modification and compounding for use in surimi and surimi products are discussed. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.