生物信息流中序列分析软件的设计与开发

介绍了基于Java语言的跨平台生物信息分析平台的设计与实现过程，并对软件系统结构、功能模块、关键技术进行了阐述。该系统能完成生物信息流中序列分析工作。它的开发为从事生物信息学研究的人员提供了有效的数据处理和分析工具。     

Efficient hydrogen evolution from ammonia borane hydrolysis with Rh decorated on phosphorus-doped carbon

Development of supported ligand-free ultrafine Rh nanocatalysts for efficient catalytic hydrogen evolution from ammonia borane (AB) is of importance but remains a tremendous challenge. Here, ultrafine and ligand-free Rh nanoparticles (NPs) (2.19 nm in diameter) were in-situ decorated on porous phosphorus-functionalized carbon (PPC) prepared by pyrolyzing hyper-cross-linked networks of triphenylphosphine and benzene. The resultant Rh/PPC showed excellent hydrogen production activity from AB hydrolysis (Turnover frequency: 806 min⁻¹). Kinetic investigations indicated that AB hydrolysis using Rh/PPC exhibited first-order and zero-order reactions with Rh and AB concentrations, respectively. Activation energy (E_a) toward hydrogen generation from AB with Rh/PPC is as low as 22.7 kJ/mol. The Rh/PPC catalyst was recyclable and reusable for at least four times. The oxygen- and phosphorus-functional groups are beneficial for the affinity of Rh complex on the PPC surface, resulting in ultrafine and ligand-free Rh NPs with high dispersity and ability to supply abundant surface accessibility to catalytically active sites for AB hydrolysis. This study proposes a feasible approach for the synthesis of ultrafine and ligand-free metal NPs supported on heteroatom-doped carbon by using hyper-cross-linked networks.     

Comparative susceptibility of Corcyra cephalonica (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs to carbon dioxide and nitrogen at different temperatures

The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of the egg stage of the rice moth Corcyra cephalonica to modified atmospheres (MAs) enriched with CO₂ or N₂ at 25, 30 and 35 °C combined with various exposure times. The tested modified atmospheres containing CO₂ were 20% CO₂, 16% O₂ and 64% N₂; 40% CO₂, 12% O₂ and 48% N_2; 60% CO₂, 8% O₂ and 32% N₂ and 80% CO₂, 4% O₂ and 16% N₂. The tested modified atmospheres containing N₂ were 97% N₂ and 3% O₂ and 98% N₂ and 2% O₂. The results showed that the hatchability responding to modified atmospheres enriched with either CO₂ or N₂ decreased significantly with an increase in exposure time, gas content (%) and temperature. All tested combinations provided complete (100%) egg control in less than 4 days. Based on 100% mortality, shorter exposures were obtained with 80% CO₂ than with N₂ at most tested temperatures. The modified atmospheres enriched with 98% N₂ were more effective than 97% N₂ against C. cephalonica eggs, especially at 35 °C. It is recommended to use high levels of CO₂ in air (80%) and N₂ (98%) in controlling 0–24-h-eggs of C. cephalonica within 24–36 h for CO₂ and 18–72 h for N₂.     

Advances and perspectives on one-dimensional nanostructure electrode materials for potassium-ion batteries

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have aroused considerable interest as a promising next-generation advanced large-scale energy storage system due to the abundant potassium resources and high safety. However, the K⁺ with large ionic radius brings restricted diffusion kinetics and severe volume expansion in electrode materials, resulting in inferior actual rate characteristics and rapid capacity fading. Designing electrode materials with one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure can effectively enhance various electrochemical properties due to the well-guided electron transfer pathways, short ionic diffusion channels and high specific surface areas. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress and achievements of 1D nanostructure electrode materials in PIBs, especially focusing on the development and application of cathode and anode materials. The nanostructure, synthetic methods, electrochemical performances and structure-performance correlation are discussed in detail. The advanced characterizations on the reaction mechanisms of 1D nanostructure electrode materials in PIBs are briefly summarized. Furthermore, the main future research directions of 1D nanostructure electrode materials are also predicted, hoping to accelerate their development into the practical PIBs market.     

Nanoseed-assisted rapid formation of ultrathin ZnO nanorods for efficient room temperature NO2 detection

The influence of ZnO nanoseeds on the formation of ZnO nanorods from ε-Zn(OH)₂ in NaOH solution at 80 °C was investigated, using ZnO nanoparticles with a diameter of 4–10 nm as the seeds. The experimental results indicated that the presence of ZnO nanoseeds promoted the rapid heterogeneous formation of ultrathin ZnO nanorods. Compared with the ZnO submicron rods with a diameter of 0.5–1.0 µm, the ultrathin ZnO nanorods with a diameter of 10–15 nm were found to be more sensitive for detecting NO₂ at room temperature owing to their higher variation of channel conduction to the diameter.     

Detoxification of zearalenone by Lactobacillus pentosus strains

Zearalenone (ZEA) contamination in food samples plays a critical role in food safety, since it causes serious health problems. Usage of microorganisms, such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB), is a promising new approach for detoxification. Eight Lactobacillus pentosus strains were evaluated for their ability to remove ZEA from a sodium acetate buffer solution with initial ZEA concentrations of 5.51–74.70 μg/mL. The adsorption capacity increased with increasing ZEA concentrations. The strain JM0812 showed the highest adsorption capability, at 83.17%, in solution containing 74.70 μg/mL ZEA, followed by UM054 (82.78%) and UM055 (81.69%), respectively. Three adsorption isotherms were applied to predict the removal efficiency of ZEA and the Freundlich isotherm appeared to have the best-fit for ZEA sorption onto bacterial cells. Our results indicate that Lb. pentosus strains are novel promising strains to reduce mycotoxin contamination in food products.     

Preparation and thermal performance analysis of novel multilayer cladding structure composites

With regard to the adiabatic principle of insulation, a novel multilayer cladding structure composites (MCSC) with vacuum inside was put forward, which could be used in high temperature insulation field. In the composites, SiO₂ was used to fill the microcracks and protect the carbon matrix from oxidizing. This novel material was composed of two parts, one was the core material consisted of SiC foam ceramic, the other was the flawless outer shell consisted of carbon fiber reinforced composites with vacuum inside that produced by Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI) Pyrolytic Carbon (PyC) and silicasol-infiltration–sintering methods. Material density was 0.81 g/cm³. The effective thermal conductivity of MCSC ranged from 0.193 W/m · K to 0.721 W/m · K within the temperature from 303 K to 703 K, which was 13.5–23.3% lower than the value of SiC ceramic foam core materials. However, at 1473 K, the measured data of MCSC and SiC foam were 1.815 W/m · K and 1.911 W/m · K, respectively. It was only 5.02% lower than that of SiC foam.