Characterization of wet microalgal cells pretreated with steam for lipid extraction

Steam pretreatment was employed to disrupt microalgal cells for lipids extraction.Effects of steam pre-treatment on microstructure of microalgal cells were investigated through scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Effect of treatment on lipid extraction was also stud-ied.Microalgal cell walls were distorted after steam pretreatment due to the hydrolysis of organic macro-molecules contained in cell wall.Maximum curvature was increased from 1.88 × 10-6 m-1 to 1.43 × 10-7 m-1 after treatment with the steam at 130 ℃.The fractal dimension of microalgal cells increased from 1.25 to 1.30 after pretreatment for 15 min,and further increased to 1.47 when the pre-treatment time was increased to 60 min.Increased steam pretreatment temperature and time enhanced the hydrolysis of organic macromolecules,and finally destroyed microalgal cell walls at pretreatment temperature of 130 ℃ and pretreatment time of 60 min.Lipid extracted from wet microalgal was signif-icantly increased (2.1-fold) after pretreatment.     

C_2-轴对称联苯类手性双膦配体的研究进展(一)

手性膦配体的合成及其在手性诱导催化反应中的应用一直是不对称合成与催化研究中非常重要的研究领域之一。近10年来,大量的C2-轴对称手性双膦配体被合成出来并成功地应用于不对称催化研究,本文从C2-轴对称联苯类手性双膦配体的介绍、合成方法,C2-轴对称联苯类手性双膦配体在不对称催化氢化,以及其在其他不对称诱导反应中的应用4个方面综述了相关研究进展,并对今后配体的合成及应用前景进行了展望。     

3-<i>epi</i>-bufotalin suppresses the proliferation in colorectal cancer cells through the inhibition of the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been increasingly employed in the last decades in China for both preventing and treating a variety of cancers. 3-epi-bufotalin is an active ingredient of TCM “Chanpi” with anti-tumor potential. However, the effect and mechanism of 3-epi-bufotalin on colorectal cancers were not well disclosed. The present study demonstrated that 3-epi-bufotalin could reduce viability, trigger apoptosis, and block the cell cycle at the G₂/M stage in colorectal cancer cell lines HT29, RKO, and COLO205 in vitro. Moreover, 3-epi-bufotalin inhibited the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. These results indicated the anti-proliferation ability of 3-epi-bufotalin in colorectal cancer cells.     

转基因食品标识问题辨析

20世纪90年代以来,转基因作物发展迅猛,转基因食品已进入普通消费者的视野和生活。对转基因食品进行标识以亮明身份,既满足消费者的知情权,同时也便于售后跟踪和风险评估。这个在普通消费者看来非常简单的问题至今也没能拿出统一、可行的标识方案。笔者对这一问题进行初步的辨析和综述。     

三穗鸭肉脂肪酸组成分析及评价

以贵州三穗鸭的胸肉和腿肉为原料,采用气相色谱仪对其脂肪酸组成进行定性定量分析。结果表明：三穗鸭鸭肉中共含有5种饱和脂肪酸和14种不饱和脂肪酸。饱和脂肪酸的质量分数占脂肪酸总质量分数的24.30%,不饱和脂肪酸的质量分数占脂肪酸总质量分数的75.70%,其中单不饱和脂肪酸的质量分数占脂肪酸总质量分数的45.48%,多不饱和脂肪酸的质量分数占脂肪酸总质量分数的30.22%。     

响应面分析优化菊粉的羧甲基改性工艺

研究菊粉的羧甲基改性工艺条件,以碱化时间、醚化温度、醚化时间、碱用量以及氯乙酸用量为影响因素,以羧甲基的取代度为考察指标,运用Plackett-Burman设计筛选出3个对菊粉羧甲基取代度影响显著因素,即碱化时间、醚化温度和氯乙酸用量,采用响应面分析试验优化菊粉的羧甲基改性工艺。菊粉的羧甲基改性最优工艺条件为菊粉用量6.8g、碱化时间30min、醚化温度81℃、氯乙酸用量2.96g,此时菊粉的羧甲基取代度为0.66±0.000167。     

不同贮藏条件下油茶籽品质及生理活性

为了延长油茶籽的加工期限,将含水量为6%、13%的油茶籽分别贮藏在25℃、室温、4℃,相对湿度(RH)50%～65%条件下,观察贮藏期间品质及生理生化变化。结果表明：所有实验贮藏方法,油茶籽贮藏90d后均出现一定程度的劣变现象,贮藏品质下降。对不同处理贮藏效果的综合评价,最好的贮藏条件为温度4℃、油茶籽含水量6%,能明显抑制呼吸强度和脂肪酶活性,保持较高蛋白质、脂肪、糖等内含物质的含量,阻止油茶籽品质的劣变;其次为温度4℃、含水量13%,最差的为温度25℃、含水量13%。低温和低水分含量可有效提高油茶籽的贮藏品质。     

蛇菰提取物体外抗氧化活性研究

采用DPPH·法及Fe3+ 还原力法对蛇菰提取物的抗氧化活性进行研究,分别测定蛇菰乙醇提物、石油醚提取物、氯仿提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物、正丁醇提取物、水层部分、水提粗多糖及碱提粗多糖的抗氧化作用,同时以VC 作为阳性对照。结果表明：蛇菰提取物具有较强的抗氧化活性,尤其是乙酸乙酯提取物、正丁醇提取物、总醇提取物及水提粗多糖;它们对DPPH·的清除作用与VC 相当,其中乙酸乙酯提取物IC50 值为6.0μg/mL,活性略高于VC,同时以上提取物对Fe3+ 也具有很强的还原能力。     

乳化包埋法制备花椒精油微胶囊的研究

采用乳化包埋法制备花椒精油微胶囊,可减少花椒精油香气成分的挥发.以阿拉伯胶、大豆蛋白、麦芽糊精、可溶性淀粉、β-环状糊精为壁材,以包埋率为主要评定指标.在单因素试验基础上,采用L9(345)正交试验设计.结果表明,阿拉伯胶:麦芽糊精:大豆蛋白为3:9:4;壁材:芯材为3:1;乳化剂比例即蔗糖酯:单甘酯为1:1,其添加量为芯材的1%;固形物质量分数为26%,其包埋率可达59.76%,在模拟胃液中存在时间为1 h.