肉苁蓉保健品国内专利整理与分析

目的对近几年肉苁蓉保健品专利进行整理与分析。方法收集近几年肉苁蓉保健品专利信息,从专利年度发展概况、申请人、技术领域、剂型、功效、药物配伍等方面进行阐述和分析。结果肉苁蓉技术研究目前仍然以基础研发为主。个人发表专利相对较多,但是公司的研发能力相对较强。肉苁蓉用于治疗消化系统疾病的专利较多,而用于内分泌系统、非中枢神经系统的研究较少。肉苁蓉保健品主要以汤剂、保健酒和胶囊剂、丸剂、片剂为主。与肉苁蓉配伍应用的药材主要有锁阳、人参、丹参、枸杞子、红花、当归、山药、灵芝、冬虫夏草等。结论肉苁蓉专利申请数量多,但转化为产品或者实际应用的很少,需要推进肉苁蓉保健品研发和产业化发展,促进科技成果转化。     

Review of the structural characterization,quality evaluation,and industrial application of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides

BackgroundLycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are considered to be the major bioactive components in L. barbarum. Due to the considerable health benefits of LBPs, and the significant research interest in LBPs, quality evaluation of LBPs and their related products is imperative for ensuring their efficacy and safety. The bioactivities of polysaccharides are closely associated with their physicochemical properties, which can be easily monitored via chemical techniques. Therefore, analysis of physicochemical properties is a more straightforward and viable approach for the quality control of polysaccharides.Scope and approachIn this review, special techniques for the structural characterization of LBPs are summarized and discussed. In addition, quality evaluation approaches of LBPs that have never been emphasized are highlighted herein. Furthermore, industrial applications of LBPs are reviewed and discussed.Key findings and conclusionsHigh-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection is one of the most effective techniques for analysis of both acidic and neutral LBPs. Size-exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering and refractive index detection is able to determine absolute molecular weights, chain conformations, and contents of LBPs. Fingerprinting analysis and saccharide mapping analysis are effective approaches for quality evaluation of LBPs. However, the lack of appropriate quality evaluation approaches indicates an unreliable regulation of LBPs and their related products. This reveals the deficiency in the quality control of commercial products. Thus, the development of reliable approaches for pharmacological activity-based quality control of LBPs and their related products must be extensively investigated.     

Microstructures and electrochemical performances of La2Mg(Ni0.85Co0.15)9Crx (x = 0–0.2) electrode alloys prepared by casting and rapid quenching

In order to improve the electrochemical cycle stability of La–Mg–Ni system (PuNi₃-type) hydrogen storage alloy, a trace of Cr was added and rapid quenching techniques were employed. The electrochemical performances and microstructures of the as-cast and -quenched alloys were determined and measured. The effects of Cr content and quenching rate on the microstructures and electrochemical properties of the alloys were investigated in detail. The obtained results show that the as-cast and -quenched alloys are composed of the (La, Mg)Ni₃ phase (PuNi₃-type structure) and the LaNi₅ phase as well as the LaNi₂ phase. The amount of the LaNi₂ phase increases with the increase of Cr content. The addition of Cr enhances the cycle stability of the as-cast and -quenched alloys, but decreases the discharge capacities of the alloys. The cycle lives of the alloys increase with the increase of the quenching rate. The as-cast and -quenched alloys have an excellent activation performance.     

The FeAl–30%TiC nanocomposite produced by mechanical alloying and hot-pressing consolidation

Intermetallic matrix composites reinforced with particles such as TiC have attracted a great deal of attention over the past few years. In the present study, the mechanical alloying process followed by hot-pressing consolidation was used to produce FeAl–30%TiC nanocomposite. Since the reduction of grain size to the nanometer scale improves mechanical properties of materials, this composite may be attractive for structural applications. An elemental powder mixture of Al35Fe35Ti15C15 (in at.%) was milled in a high-energy ball mill. The phase transformations in the powder during milling were studied with the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD). Transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry were used for examining the microstructure and the thermal stability of the milling product. The results obtained show that high-energy ball milling as performed in this work leads to the formation of a bcc phase identified as the Fe(Al) solid solution and a fcc phase identified as TiC, and that both phases are nanocrystalline. Subsequently, the milled powder was sintered at 750 °C under pressure of 4 GPa. The XRD investigations of the consolidated pellet revealed that after sintering, the material remained nanocrystalline and that there were no phase changes, except for the ordering of Fe(Al), i.e. formation of FeAl intermetallic compound, during the sintering process. The average hardness of the obtained nanocomposite is 1287 HV_0.2 (12.6 GPa) and its density is 98% of the theoretical value.     

Recombination luminescence and trap levels in undoped and Al-doped ZnO thin films on quartz and GaSe (0 0 0 1) substrates

Photoluminescence spectra of ZnO and ZnO:Al (1.00, 2.00 and 5.00 at.%) films on GaSe (0 0 0 1) lamellas and amorphous quartz substrates, obtained by annealing, at 700 K, of undoped and Al-doped metal films, are investigated. For all samples, the nonequilibrium charge carriers recombine by radiative band-to-band transitions with energy of 3.27 eV, via recombination levels created by the monoionized oxygen atoms, forming the impurity band laying in the region 2.00 ? 2.70 eV. Al doping induces an additional recombination level at 1.13 eV above the top of the valence band of ZnO films on GaSe substrates. As a result of thermal diffusion of Zn and Al into the GaSe interface layer from ZnO:Al/GaSe heterojunction, electron trap levels located at 0.22 eV and 0.26 eV below the conduction band edge of GaSe, as well as a deep recombination level, responsible for the luminescent emission in the region 1.10 ? 1.40 eV, are created.     

高效液相色谱法测定内蒙古包头地区蒙古黄芪中的毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)测定包头地区蒙古黄芪中毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷含量的方法,对比包头市固阳县、土默特右旗和达茂旗蒙古黄芪中毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的含量差别,为更好评价本地区蒙古黄芪品质提供依据。方法色谱柱为Tnature C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.2%甲酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0 m L/min,柱温30℃,检测波长254 nm。结果在10.23~102.3μg/m L范围内,毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷与峰面积呈良好线性关系,r~2=0.9994,平均加标回收率为96.93%~98.73%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为1.56%~2.27%。结论该方法简单、快速、可重复性好,可用于测定蒙古黄芪中毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的含量,且3个旗县的蒙古黄芪中毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的含量有差别,其中以土默特右旗所产蒙古黄芪中其含量最高,且生长年限不同的蒙古黄芪中毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷含量也有差别。本研究为今后内蒙古地区蒙古黄芪的栽培和应用提供科学、可靠的依据。     

新型硅铝矿物吸附剂用于废变压器油再生处理

利用天然纳米硅酸盐黏土矿物的独特层状结构与晶体表面特性制备出具有纳米三维孔道结构的新型硅铝矿物吸附剂，并对所得纳米多孔材料的性能进行相应的表征及废变压器油吸附再生应用研究，通过吸附再生条件考察确定了最佳吸附条件。对吸附前后变压器油理化性能及电气性能分析结果表明，利用上述吸附剂吸附处理废变压器油后变压器油性能明显改善，耐压性、体积电阻率、界面张力、介质损耗因素、酸值等指标完全符合国家标准，可以实现废变压器油的高效吸附及再生，显著降低了成本，并避免了环境污染及资源浪费。