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1.
    
Peptides from oysters have several bioactive functions. In this study, we identified antioxidant peptides from oysters (Crassostrea rivularis) and investigated their structure–function relationship. We used an 8 kDa molecular-weight (MW) cut-off membrane and semiprep reversed-phase liquid chromatography to collect five peptides (F1–F5) and identified the highest-abundance ion-peak sequences AWVDY (F1), MSFRFY(F2), EPLRY(F3), RKPPWPP(F4), and YAKRCFR(F5) having MWs of 652, 850, 676, 877, and 943 Da, respectively, using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. These peptides exhibited high antioxidant activities, similar to butylated hydroxytoluene, reduced glutathione, and ascorbic acid. F5 demonstrated the highest scavenging activity for DPPH radicals (IC50 = 21.75 μg/ml), hydroxyl radicals (IC50 = 18.75 μg/ml), and superoxide radicals (IC50 = 11.00 μg/ml), while F3 demonstrated the highest reducing power. Furthermore, F5 significantly protected Caco-2 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage. These results suggest that the antioxidant peptide F5 is a promising food additive that protects against oxidative damage.  相似文献   
2.
    
Shrimp has been widely accepted as an excellent resource for white meat due to its high-protein and low-fat content, especially low cholesterol. However, shrimps are highly perishable during preservation and retailing procedures due to the activities of enzymatic proteolysis, lipid oxidation, and microbial degradation. With increasing knowledge of and demands for safety, nutrition, and freshness of shrimp products, energy efficient, quality, maintained, and sustainable preservation technologies are needed. Low-temperature preservation, a practical processing method for improving the shelf life of food products, is widely used in the aquatic industry. This review focuses on the effects of low-temperature preservation on the quality changes in Litopenaeus vannamei. It considers physicochemical properties, sensory evaluation, melanosis assessment, and microbiological analysis. The perspectives of non-protein-based techniques on quality analysis of shrimps during preservation are also discussed. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   
3.
以南美白对虾为原料,研究微冻条件(-3 ℃)下不同贮藏时间其肌肉蛋白质品质特性的变化,利用相关蛋白质指标建立径向基函数神经预测模型。结果表明:与新鲜虾样品相比,在微冻贮藏30 d后,表面疏水性、羰基含量、TCA溶解肽、肌原纤维小片化指数、疏水相互作用力、二硫键含量分别显著上升到(68.12 ± 0.19)μg,(2.02 ± 0.08)nmol/mg pro,(6.29 ± 0.14)μmol酪氨酸/g肌肉,55.11 ± 2.79,(7.82 ± 0.17)mg/mL,(5.77 ± 0.06)mg/mL;Ca2+-ATPase、总巯基含量、离子键、氢键含量、内源荧光强度分别显著下降到(0.13 ± 0.13)U/mg pro,(68.45 ± 0.47)μmol/g pro,(3.12 ± 0.48)mg/mL,(1.67 ± 0.14)mg/mL,579.71± 20.67,使虾肌肉蛋白质发生不同程度的变性、氧化和降解,蛋白质的三级结构发生变化。电泳结果表明,贮藏时间延长,大分子质量蛋白质发生降解。建立的径向基函数神经预测模型的预测值和试验值之间的误差均在±10%内,表明该模型可以较好地预测微冻贮藏过程中南美白对虾肌肉蛋白质品质的变化。  相似文献   
4.
鸢乌贼具有分布广泛、繁殖速度快、蛋白质及氨基酸含量丰富等特点,已逐渐成为目前研究的热点。但由于鸢乌贼原料肉存在质地较硬、酸味过重、内源性甲醛含量偏高等问题,限制了这一大宗海鲜捕捞原料的开发利用。本文在综述鸢乌贼营养成分与加工利用的基础上,系统分析鸢乌贼肌肉嫩化、脱酸方式、内源性甲醛的来源及脱除方面的研究进展,旨在为鸢乌贼这一大宗海洋生物原料的高值化精深加工利用提供参考。  相似文献   
5.
林善婷  胡晓  李来好  杨贤庆 《食品科学》2020,41(23):329-337
铁离子是构成人体组织和维持正常生理功能所必需的微量营养元素,当体内缺乏铁离子时易导致许多营养缺乏症。Fe2+/Fe3+结合活性肽是一种具有结合Fe2+/Fe3+能力,并可与之形成可溶性结合物的肽类物质,其在生物体内可促进铁离子的吸收。本文从Fe2+/Fe3+结合活性肽的食物来源、制备、分离纯化、结构特征以及肽-Fe2+/3+结合物的形成、结合位点、促Fe2+/Fe3+吸收机制等方面进行综述,以期为Fe2+/Fe3+结合活性肽的研究及产品开发提供参考。  相似文献   
6.
藻类具有复杂多样的进化历史和生物学特征,不仅在生态系统中扮演着重要角色,而且具有许多独特的基因和生物过程。随着后基因时代的到来,组学技术受到各界学者的高度重视,近年来在藻类研究中也得到了应用。高通量技术在藻类研究领域中的应用,也大大促进了藻类蛋白质组学的发展。本文综述了蛋白质组学技术在藻类品质差异鉴定、养殖胁迫作用、生理机制方面的研究进展,并对其发展方向和应用前景进行了展望,为从事藻类组学的研究者提供参考。  相似文献   
7.
目的探讨煮、蒸、炸和微波等4种烹饪方式对草鱼肉中孔雀石绿、结晶紫及其代谢物消减的影响。方法在空白草鱼肉中添加孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿、结晶紫和隐色结晶紫后,分别用4种方式烹饪,采用高效液相色谱串联质谱测定药物的含量。结果结果表明:经过炸、微波、煮和蒸等烹饪方法处理后,鱼肉中的药物浓度分别降低了79.8%~93.7%、69.4%~91.2%、72.0%~86.2%和69.6%~77.8%。相同的烹饪方式,原药的消减速度均高于代谢物,药物的消减速率顺序为:炸微波煮蒸。结论高温加热能促进孔雀石绿、结晶紫及其代谢产物的消减。  相似文献   
8.
采集春、夏、秋、冬四个季节的杂交鲟鱼(Huso dauricus ♀ × Acipenser schrenckii ♂) 样品,分析比较肌肉基本营养成分、氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成、矿物元素组成的差异。结果表明:鲟鱼肉脂肪含量季节变化特点明显,以秋季鲟鱼肉脂肪含量为最高(P<0.05),而后依次为冬季、春季、夏季的鲟鱼肉;蛋白质含量以冬季鲟鱼肉最高,春季、夏季、秋季鲟鱼肉依次下降;春季鲟鱼肉必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸及总氨基酸含量最高,但秋季鲟鱼肉必需氨基酸占总氨基酸比例最高,冬季鲟鱼肉鲜味氨基酸占总氨基酸比例最高;夏季、秋季鲟鱼肉多不饱和脂肪酸及二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量显著高于冬季、春季(P < 0.05),脂肪酸不饱和度受季节影响差异并不显著(P>0.05);矿物元素含量在春、夏两季鲟鱼肉中较高。季节对鲟鱼肉的营养组成影响明显,分析不同季节杂交鲟鱼肉的营养组成,可为后续开发加工提供理论依据,在加工中可根据需要选择适宜季节的养殖鲟鱼。  相似文献   
9.
采用分级膜分离、DEAE-52阴离子交换层析法从近江牡蛎(Crassostrea rivularis)中分离纯化得到多糖CRP-1、CRP-2、CRP-3。采用高效凝胶渗透色谱法结合葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex G-100分离多糖,测定其分子质量及纯度;利用糖基基团测定、傅里叶变换红外光谱、高效液相色谱等方法对其结构进行解析。结果显示:CRP-1的总糖质量分数为(32.40±0.89)%,分子质量为124.5 kDa,是组分均一的多糖,由甘露糖、核糖、氨基葡萄糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、氨基半乳糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖组成,9 种单糖的物质的量比为5.55∶0.32∶9.08∶0.47∶0.66∶48.13∶3.57∶8.53∶0.30;CRP-2的总糖质量分数为(78.50±1.90)%,分子质量为67.0 kDa,是由甘露糖、核糖、氨基葡萄糖、葡萄糖、氨基半乳糖、半乳糖组成,6 种单糖的物质的量比为7.79∶0.41∶12.69∶32.08∶4.98∶15.92。CRP-3的总糖质量分数为(73.46±2.19)%,分子质量为8.3 kDa,是由氨基葡萄糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖组成,3 种单糖的物质的量比为8.91∶5.71∶10.15。傅里叶变换红外光谱分析结果显示:CRP-1为多醛基吡喃环糖苷的多糖化合物;CRP-2为多酮基不饱和多糖化合物;CRP-3为多酮基含羧基多不饱和多糖化合物。以小鼠巨噬细胞系RAW264.7为模型,证明近江牡蛎多糖CRP-1、CRP-2、CRP-3具有免疫调节活性。  相似文献   
10.
    
《Food Control》2014,36(1):1-6
Lactobacillus sakei C2, which could produce a bacteriocin with a broad inhibitory spectrum, have been proven to have certain probiotic potential. The practical application of L. sakei C2 as starter culture in the production of fermented sausage was investigated. During the sausage fermentation, L. sakei C2 established its prominent position in the microbial ecosystem, and, over 62.5% and 87.5% isolates were detected at each sampling point, when respectively inoculated with 5 and 7 log CFU/g. Moreover, L. sakei C2 as starter culture played an important role in the control of harmful microorganisms presented in the fermentation. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and nitrite content in the samples of fermented sausages decreased with the increase of the inoculation concentration of L. sakei C2. Inoculation with L. sakei C2 significantly increased the color values of L* (lightness), and a* (redness), and magnitude of absorbance, which indicated that L. sakei C2 might increase the amount of nitrosylmyoglobin (NO-Mb) in the fermented sausages. By the evaluation of the panel, flavor and overall acceptability of the fermented sausage processed with 7 log CFU/g of L. sakei C2 was significantly superior to those processed with lower inocula (5 log CFU/g) and the control. All these results indicted that L. sakei C2 had good potential to be used as starter culture in the production of fermented sausages.  相似文献   
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