State of the art advancement in rational design of g-C3N4 photocatalyst for efficient solar fuel transformation,environmental decontamination and future perspectives

Recently, the graphite based heterogeneous photocatalysts has attained tremendous research attention in various environmental applications. Among them, the graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is categorized as a unique solar active particle with its outstanding intrinsic properties i.e., adequate band configuration, excellent light absorptivity and thermo-physical durability, which make it highly useful and reliable for revenue transformation and ecological concerns. Considering the intrinsic potential of g-C₃N₄ in photocatalysis, so far, no report has been done in literature for its extraordinary configuration, morphological characteristics and perspective tuning for said applications. To overcome this research gap, our primary emphasis of this review regarding photocatalysis is to provide layout as well as the advancement of visible-light-fueled materials as highly stabilized and extremely effective ones for pragmatic implementation. Thus, this existing comprehensive assessment conducts a systematic survey over visible light driven non-metal novel g-C₃N₄. The major advancement of this evaluation is the fabrication of well-designed nanosized g-C₃N₄ photocatalysts with unique configurable frameworks and compositions. Furthermore, alternative techniques in order to customize the analogue band configuration and noticeable cultivation such as metal (cation), nonmetal (anion) doping, worthy metal activating, and alloy initiation with certain semiconductors are discussed in detail. In addition to this, g-C₃N₄ photocatalytic functionalities towards photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, CO₂ photoreduction, biological metal ions deterioration as well as bacterial sanitization are also presented and discussed in detail. Therefore, we believe that such a pivotal compact assessment can provide a roadmap in several perspectives on the currently underway obstacles in the innovation of effective g-C₃N₄ catalytic design processes. Moreover, this critical assessment will ultimately serve as a useful supplement in the research area of g-C₃N₄ nanosized photocatalysts and for the researchers working on its key aspects in diverse range of natural, chemistry, engineering and environmental applications.     

Inverted pendulum stabilization: Characterization of codimension-three triple zero bifurcation via multiple delayed proportional gains

The paper considers the problem of stabilization of systems possessing a multiple zero eigenvalue at the origin. The controller that we propose, uses multiple delayed measurements instead of derivative terms. Doing so, we increase the performances of the closed loop in presence of system uncertainties and/or noisy measurements. The problem formulation and the analysis is presented through a classical engineering problem which is the stabilization of an inverted pendulum on a cart moving horizontally. On one hand, we perform a nonlinear analysis of the center dynamics described by a three dimensional system of ordinary differential equations with a codimension-three triple zero bifurcation. On the other hand, we present the complementary stability analysis of the corresponding linear time invariant system with two delays describing the behavior around the equilibrium. The aim of this analysis is to characterize the possible local bifurcations. Finally, the proposed control scheme is numerically illustrated and discussed.     

Modeling,numerical optimization,and irreversibility reduction of a dual-pressure reheat combined-cycle

Optimizing the gas-turbine combined-cycle is an important method for improving its efficiency. In this paper, a dual-pressure reheat combined-cycle was modeled and optimized for 80 cases. Constraints were set on the minimum temperature-difference for pinch points (PP_m), superheat approach temperature-difference, steam-turbine inlet temperature and pressure, stack temperature, and dryness fraction at the steam-turbine’s outlet. The dual-pressure reheat combined-cycle was optimized using two different methods; the direct search and the variable metric. A technique to reduce the irreversibility of the steam generator of the combined cycle was introduced. The optimized and the reduced-irreversibility dual-pressure reheat combined-cycles were compared with the regularly-designed dual-pressure reheat combined-cycle, which is the typical design for a commercial combined-cycle. The effects of varying the inlet temperature of the gas turbine (TIT) and PP_m on the performance of all cycles were presented and discussed. The results indicated that the optimized combined-cycle is up to 1% higher in efficiency than the reduced-irreversibility combined-cycle, which is 2–2.5% higher in efficiency than the regularly-designed combined-cycle when compared for the same values of TIT and PP_m. The advantages of the optimized and reduced-irreversibility combined-cycles were manifested when compared with the most efficient commercially-available combined cycle at the same value of TIT.     

CORBA技术在现场设备通信中的应用*

首先简要介绍CORBA体系结构,阐述了利用CORBA的代理机制,通过代理屏蔽不同通信协议差异,以实现设备之间通信的集成策略.该机制能够方便地实现不同协议设备之间的通信集成,而且便于系统扩展,并兼容多种操作系统平台.最后结合具体实例给出现场设备的集成方案.     

Maximum principle for mean-field jump–diffusion stochastic delay differential equations and its application to finance

This paper investigates a stochastic optimal control problem with delay and of mean-field type, where the controlled state process is governed by a mean-field jump–diffusion stochastic delay differential equation. Two sufficient maximum principles and one necessary maximum principle are established for the underlying system. As an application, a bicriteria mean–variance portfolio selection problem with delay is studied to demonstrate the effectiveness and potential of the proposed techniques. Under certain conditions, explicit expressions are provided for the efficient portfolio and the efficient frontier, which are as elegant as those in the classical mean–variance problem without delays.     

高效液相色谱法测定虫草黄酒中虫草素的研究

采用高效液相色谱法建立了虫草黄酒中虫草素含量的测定方法,探讨了虫草素提取条件,分析了流动相组成、柱温、波长对检测结果的影响.研究表明：色谱柱为Waters Symmetry C18柱,流动相为甲醇∶水=15∶85,流速为1mL/min;检测波长为288nm,柱温为40℃时分离、检测效果最好;方法检出限为0.05ng.该测定方法在黄酒质量控制方面具有应用价值.     

Characterization of microwave and terahertz dielectric properties of single crystal La2Ti2O7 along one single direction

New generation wireless communication systems require characterisations of dielectric permittivity and loss tangent at microwave and terahertz bands. La₂Ti₂O₇ is a candidate material for microwave application. However, all the reported microwave dielectric data are average value from different directions of a single crystal, which could not reflect its anisotropic nature due to the layered crystal structure. Its dielectric properties at the microwave and terahertz bands in a single crystallographic direction have rarely been reported. In this work, a single crystal ferroelectric La₂Ti₂O₇ was prepared by floating zone method and its dielectric properties were characterized from 1 kHz to 1 THz along one single direction. The decrease in dielectric permittivity with increasing frequency is related to dielectric relaxation from radio frequency to microwave then to terahertz band. The capability of characterizing anisotropic dielectric properties of a single crystal in this work opens the feasibility for its microwave and terahertz applications.     

A revisit to stochastic near-optimal controls: The critical case

This paper revisits the stochastic near-optimal control problem considered in Zhou (1998), where the stochastic system is given by a controlled stochastic differential equation with the control variable taking values in a general control space and entering both the drift and diffusion coefficients. A necessary condition of near-optimality is derived using Ekeland’s variational principle, spike variation techniques, and some delicate estimates for the state and the adjoint processes. We improve the error bound of order from “almost” ${\epsilon }^{\frac{1}{3}}$ in Zhou (1998) to “exactly” ${\epsilon }^{\frac{1}{3}}$.     

CAUPS中评估模型定义系统的设计与实现

近年来,随着城市化进程的不断加快,城市规划的计算机辅助设计越来越受到广泛的重视。通常城市规划采用的方法是将多种辅助软件混合使用,用于进行城市规划和方案设计,但是这种方法存在多种软件间协同性不强、缺乏有效的自动评估方法等问题。为了更好地利用计算机进行城市规划,首先简要介绍了计算机辅助城市规划系统CAUPS的工作原理和主要模块,然后着重介绍CAUPS中实现自动评估过程的关键技术——评估模型定义系统的设计和实现技术。该项技术首先通过提供一组简单的操作运算符以及实体对象关系的解析支持来实现评估模型的描述功能;然后由用户根据实际规划的需要交互地选择构成特定评估模型的规则和实体以实现对评估模型的定制。