Facial synthesis of dandelion-like g-C3N4/Ag with high performance of photocatalytic hydrogen production

Nowadays, energy shortage is one of the major problems in the world. Photocatalytic hydrogen production is a new type of energy technology with good application prospect. As a new type of photocatalytic semiconductor material, g-C₃N₄ has attracted much attention as a photocatalyst. By ultrasonic treatment of a mixed solution of g-C₃N₄ and bovine serum albumin, followed by adding a certain amount of silver nitrate solution and then directly hydrothermal treatment, a special dandelion-like g-C₃N₄/Ag (D-g-C₃N₄/Ag) was prepared. The scanning electronic microscopy, transmission electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, fluorescence and physicochemical adsorption methods were used to characterize the morphology and structure of D-g-C₃N₄/Ag. In addition, the photocatalytic H₂ production of D-g-C₃N₄/Ag with different Ag loadings or in different sacrificial agents and different pH conditions were investigated. The results indicated that when triethanolamine was used as sacrificial agent, photocatalytic hydrogen efficiency was the best, and the rate of photocatalytic hydrogen production reached 862 μmol g⁻¹ h^{− 1} as the Ag loading was 4%.     

Preparation and evaluation of Baicalin-loaded cationic solid lipid nanoparticles conjugated with OX26 for improved delivery across the BBB

Purpose: A novel brain targeting drug delivery system based on OX26 antibody conjugation on PEGylated cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (OX26-PEG-CSLN) was prepared.

Methods: The Baicalin-loaded PEGylated cationic solid lipid nanoparticles modified by OX26 antibody (OX26-PEG-CSLN) were prepared by emulsion evaporation–solidification at low temperature method. The immune-gold labeled OX26-PEG-CSLN was visualized by transmission electron microscopy. The mean diameter and zeta potential of OX26-PEG-CSLN, PEG-CSLN and CSLN were determined using a Zetasizer. The entrapment efficiency of OX26-PEG-CSLN, PEG-CSLN and CSLN was determined by ultrafiltration centrifugation method. And the solid-state characterization of OX26-PEG-CSLN and CSLN were analyzed by X-ray. Pharmacokinetics studies were conducted by in vivo microdialysis in rat cerebrospinal fluid.

Results: The results showed that the OX26-PEG-CSLN, PEG-CSLN and CSLN had average diameters of 47.68?±?1.65, 27.20?±?1.70 and 33.89?±?5.74?nm, Zeta potentials of ?0.533?±?0.115?mV, 11.200?±?0.500?mV and 11.080?±?1.170?mV and entrapment efficiencies of 83.03?±?0.01%, 92.90?±?3.50% and 97.83?±?0.19%, respectively. In the pharmacokinetics studies, the AUC value of OX26-PEG-CSLN was11.08-fold higher than that of the Baicalin solution (SOL) (p?p?>?0.05); the C_max value of OX26-PEG-CSLN was 7.88-fold higher than that of SOL (p?p?Conclusion: These results demonstrated OX26-PEG-CSLN could be a promising carrier to deliver drugs across the BBB for the treatment of brain diseases.     

Hierarchical manganese sillenite Bi12MnO20 microparticles assembled by nanocubes with microwave absorption enhancement

Pure manganese sillenite (Bi₁₂MnO₂₀) microparticles with average sizes of 11.5–16.8 μm were prepared via an oxidation-precipitation method assisted by microwave-heating. Their microstructures are characterized by the shapes of single or multiple intersecting tetrahedrons and the massive nanocubes in ordered arrays on each tetrahedron surface. Such hierarchical Bi₁₂MnO₂₀ microparticles have not been reported so far, while their growth mechanisms may include the formation of active centers, the selective nucleation on active center surfaces and the growth of nanocubes along certain orientations. In electromagnetic determination, noticeable resonances both in permittivity and permeability were revealed beyond relaxations. A cone-like reflection loss peak was obtained with the minimum value of −39.1 dB and a broad effective microwave absorption bandwidth covering 12.7–14.6 GHz. Moreover, the reflection loss peak stagnates at the same frequency regardless of the absorbent thickness variations, suggesting a high performance in microwave attenuation.     

面团组分及环境因素对面团二硫键形成的影响研究现状

面包、馒头、面条等面制品加工过程的本质是小麦面粉中蛋白与水相互作用形成包裹有淀粉和脂肪的面筋网络结构,该结构加热后转变为形态固定的食品。面团中二硫键的形成量对面筋网络结构的质量和最终食品的品质起着决定性的作用,而面团中的蛋白、淀粉等组分和环境因素影响面团中二硫键的形成量。本文综述了近年来面筋蛋白组成、淀粉组成及种类、面团pH、发酵以及面团成熟温度等环境因素对面团中二硫键形成的影响,提出了未来这方面研究的可能探索方向及相关产业的可能发展趋势,以期为研究人员和食品生产者分析面制品品质变化提供理论支持,促进提高面团品质、面制品质量的二硫键调控理论的形成和创建。     

两株小球藻培养基的优化及其产EPA性能的研究

采用L18(37)正交法优化小球藻C95和小球藻C97的生长培养基,经15 L规模培养并收获小球藻;碱性乙醇法萃取游离脂肪酸,再经脲素包埋提取多不饱和脂肪酸,并用气相色谱检测二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)的含量。研究结果表明:小球藻C95最优培养基(微量元素母液0.8 m L/L,维生素母液2.4 mL/L,NaH2PO4·2H2O6.0 g/L,Na2SiO3·9H2O 9.0 g/L,NaNO360.0 g/L,FeC6H5O7·5H2O 3.0 g/L);小球藻C97最优培养基(微量元素母液1.6 m L/L,维生素母液2.4 m L/L,NaH2PO4·2H2O 4.0 g/L,Na2SiO3·9H2O 11.0 g/L,NaNO380.0 g/L,FeC6H5O7·5H2O 3.0 g/L);小球藻C95和小球藻C97对数末期(分别是第4天和第5天)达到的细胞密度分别为9.53×10^7个/mL和8.91×10^7个/mL,EPA含量分别占总脂肪酸的30.2%和29.5%,小球藻C95的EPA含量要高于小球藻C97。     

醇析法结合离子交换法提取分离卵转铁蛋白

乙醇析出法结合两步弱酸性阳离子交换层析可有效地从鸡蛋清中分离纯化卵转铁蛋白,结果表明:预处理后黏度降低的蛋清经两步醇析法(45%浓度乙醇沉淀杂蛋白、59%乙醇浓度沉淀获得OVT粗品),再经两步阳离子层析法(第一步:pH8.0,20 mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液平衡,含0.5 mol/L NaCl的pH8.0,20 mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液洗脱;第二步:pH5.2,10 mmol/L柠檬酸盐缓冲液平衡,含0.5 mol/L NaCl的pH5.2,10 mmol/L柠檬酸盐缓冲液洗脱)可得到纯度较高的卵转铁蛋白;SDS-PAGE电泳检测终产品的纯度大于96%。     

生酮饮食（KD）在临床营养辅助治疗中的研究进展

随着社会的发展和许多慢性代谢疾病发病率的不断上升,生酮饮食（ketogenic diet,KD）作为潜在的临床营养辅助治疗方法,受到人们越来越多的重视。目前,对糖代谢具有调节作用的生酮饮食辅助干预疗法在临床上的应用越来越多,并且取得了积极的结果。本文概括了酮病生理学、生酮饮食的基础及安全性,从代谢的角度重点介绍了生酮饮食在顽固性癫痫病和几种具有代表性的慢性代谢疾病:肥胖、糖尿病和癌症预防及辅助治疗中的临床应用研究进展,以期为我国临床营养辅助医疗的发展提供参考思路。     

SiO2@TiO2复合材料分离富集酪蛋白磷酸肽

TiO2具有选择性吸附磷酸肽的特点。为了得到高比表面积的TiO2,提高磷酸肽的分离富集效果,本研究采用层层自组装法,制备出了比表面积为116.26 m2/g、平均孔直径为8.42 nm的SiO2@TiO2核壳型复合材料,并将该材料用于酪蛋白磷酸肽（casein phosphopeptides,CPPs）的分离富集。利用高效液相色谱法（high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC）测定出该材料对CPPs的吸附率为93.0%,解吸率达到81.5%。通过液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱鉴定出CPPs样品经富集后,洗脱液中的5 种磷酸肽成分的序列分别为PS*H、PS*PR、S*SRS*E、PHS*和PS*SRS*EP;并以茶碱为内标的HPLC法测定了CPPs样品、氨糖软骨素钙片、婴儿配方奶粉中CPPs的含量,测定结果的平均添加回收率介于92.5%～95.1%之间。因此,本实验所制备的SiO2@TiO2核壳型复合材料性能优异,对CPPs分离富集效果明显,用于实际样品测定的结果准确可靠。     

基于高压结合酶法制备的低敏虾制品体内体外致敏性检测的差异性分析

采用高压结合酶法处理凡纳滨对虾的虾蛋白、虾仁泥（虾肉）和虾仁,获得3 种低敏虾制品;采用酶联免疫吸附法检测3 种虾制品的过敏原性,采用全身性过敏反应（过敏性休克模型）及致敏离体回肠平滑肌收缩实验（Schultz-Dale反应）检测3 种低敏虾制品的致敏性,以分析体内与体外方法检测虾制品致敏性的差异性。结果显示：处理前的3 种原料过敏原性极高。经高压结合酶法处理的虾蛋白、虾肉和虾仁的过敏原性分别消减97.0%、94.1%和94.5%。而在动物实验中（以磷酸缓冲盐溶液为阴性对照,未处理虾蛋白为阳性对照,以豚鼠为受试对象）,未处理虾蛋白组的过敏反应发生率与死亡率均为100%,3 种低敏虾制品的过敏反应发生率也为100%,死亡率分别为16.7%（虾蛋白产物）、50%（虾肉产物）和83.3%（虾仁产物）。致敏的离体回肠受到3 种低敏虾制品攻击后,收缩力也明显增强,分别达到376.9%、766.2%和1 004.4%。上述结果表明,对高压结合酶法制备的低敏虾制品过敏原性的检测,体外检测与体内检测存在一定的差异性。     

冰温贮藏对猪肉宰后品质及糖酵解途径相关酶活性的影响

为研究冰温贮藏对猪肉感官品质和宰后糖酵解途径中乳酸代谢的影响,以猪里脊肉为对象,分别采用冰温(-1℃)和冷鲜(4℃)贮藏方式,测定其宰后0.5、2、6、12、24、72、120、168h时包括汁液损失率、色泽、pH值在内的品质指标以及糖酵解及相关代谢途径主要酶的活力.结果表明:冰温贮藏可有效降低猪肉品质劣变,减缓糖酵解...