池塘内循环水“跑道”系统与传统池塘养殖的三角鲂营养品质对比研究

目的对比评估池塘内循环水"跑道"养殖模式与传统池塘养殖模式下三角鲂营养品质差异。方法对2种模式养殖的三角鲂肌肉营养组成、质构和风味物质等进行评价。结果"跑道"养殖的三角鲂具有较低的水分及脂肪含量,其肌肉的硬度、胶黏性、咀嚼性、单不饱和脂肪酸比例显著高于对照组(P<0.05);"跑道"养殖模式没有明显改变三角鲂肌肉的氨基酸模式组成,但其肌肉氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、呈味氨基酸均大于对照组。"跑道"养殖的三角鲂具有较为丰富的酮类、醛类等特征性风味物质,但腥味成分壬醛和1-辛烯-3-醇明显低于对照组。结论"跑道"养殖模式能够一定程度改善三角鲂的肌肉理化特性、风味组成和营养品质。     

菲律宾蛤仔中铅、镉、汞、无机砷的含量分析及食用安全性评价

采用原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法分别对舟山本岛范围内农贸菜场和超市的菲律宾蛤仔中铅、镉、总汞、无机砷含量进行测定,并对其污染状况和食用安全性进行评价。结果显示：菲律宾蛤仔可食部分中铅、镉和总汞均符合GB 2762-2012《食品中污染物限量》要求,部分样品中无机砷含量超标,超标率在6%～10%之间,无机砷污染指数为0.71;菲律宾蛤仔中铅、镉、汞、无机砷含量小于世界卫生组织/联合国粮农组织制定的每周可耐受摄入量比例的10%。故舟山农贸菜场和超市中菲律宾蛤仔相对安全。     

Comparisons of algorithms to estimate water turbidity in the coastal areas of China

Turbidity is an important indicator of water environments and water-quality conditions. Ocean colour remote sensing has proved to be an efficient way of monitoring water turbidity because of its wide synoptic coverage and repeated regular sampling. However, operational tasks are still challenging in high-turbidity waters, especially in estuaries and the coastal regions of China. In these areas, the existing algorithms derived from remote-sensing reflectance (R_rs) are usually invalid because it is difficult to correctly estimate the reflectance R_rs from satellite data such as Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. A new algorithm that uses Rayleigh-corrected reflectance (R_rc) instead of R_rs has been recently introduced and was used to estimate water turbidity in Zhejiang (ZJ) coastal areas from Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) data. The R_rc algorithm has previously shown a capability to estimate water turbidity. However, its performance still requires careful evaluation. In this article, we compared the new R_rc algorithm with two other existing algorithms. Differences among the three algorithms were assessed by comparing the results from using R_rc data and R_rs reflectance data derived from both GOCI and MODIS imagery data. The capability of the new R_rc algorithm to estimate water turbidity in larger areas and extended seasons in the coastal seas of China was also estimated. The results showed that the new R_rc algorithm is suitable for the coastal waters of China, especially for highly turbid waters.