Higher-Order and Modal Logic as a Framework for Explanation-Based Generalization

Certain tasks, such as formal program development and theorem proving, fundamentally rely upon the manipulation of higher-order objects such as functions and predicates. Computing tools intended to assist in performing these tasks are at present inadequate in both the amount of knowledge they contain (i.e., the level of support they provide) and in their ability to learn (i.e., their capacity to enhance that support over time). The application of a relevant machine learning technique—explanation-based generalization (EBG)—has thus far been limited to first-order problem representations. We extend EBG to generalize higher-order values, thereby enabling its application to higher-order problem encodings.Logic programming provides a uniform framework in which all aspects of explanation-based generalization and learning may be defined and carried out. First-order Horn logics (e.g., Prolog) are not, however, well suited to higher-order applications. Instead, we employ Prolog, a higher-order logic programming language, as our basic framework for realizing higher-order EBG. In order to capture the distinction between domain theory and training instance upon which EBG relies, we extend Prolog with the necessity operator of modal logic. We develop a meta-interpreter realizing EBG for the extended language, Prolog, and provide examples of higher-order EBG.     

Impact of EBG Structures' Positions on the Performance of an EBG Antenna

Six circularly polarized patch antennas with electromagnetic band gap (EBG) arranged at different locations were studied. These EBG antennas were compared in terms of impedance bandwidth, axial ratio (AR) bandwidth and radiation patterns. When the EBG cells were placed closer to the edge of the substrate, the EBG antenna had a larger front radiation and a narrower bandwidth. Integrating the EBG cells closer to the center of the patch resulted in a wider impedance bandwidth, a wider axial ratio bandwidth and a decreased front gain.     

一种抑制同步开关噪声的微波光子晶体结构

为了确保抑制高速电路中同步开关噪声(SSN)的微波光子晶体(EBG)结构在兼顾带隙特性的同时,还具有良好的信号完整性,采用枝条绕转单元贴片的方法设计出一种新型EBG结构。利用HFSS软件对新型EBG结构抑制SSN的特性进行建模仿真,并制备刻蚀有新型EBG结构的4层印制电路板,用安捷伦矢量网络分析仪对其禁带特性进行测试,实验结果与仿真结果吻合良好。通过眼图对新型EBG结构进行的仿真分析显示,新结构的信号完整性良好。     

一种使用一维电磁带隙结构的高性能Ka频段四次谐波混频器

介绍了一种全集成微带四次谐波混频器,该混频器采用了一种新型电磁带隙结构,可获得很低的变频损耗指标.阐述了一般的谐波混频理论,并用谐波平衡软件对整个电路进行优化仿真.实测得到射频在34~36GHz的频带内,固定中频为100MHz,该混频器最小变频损耗7.67dB,最大变频损耗<10dB.     

EBG结构的小型圆极化微带天线

本文论述了小型圆极化微带天线提高方向图前后辐射比的实现途径.文中采用在微带贴片背后附加EBG结构作为微带天线的地面,并在EBG结构地面周边加齿的新方法来提高小地面情况下微带天线方向图的前后辐射比,并对设计出的微带天线电特性进行了测量,测量结果说明该方法对提高小型微带天线方向图的前后辐射比是非常有效的.     

加载电磁带隙EBG反射板的低电磁辐射比吸收率SAR天线

如何减小移动通信中移动终端电磁信号对人体脑部的影响成为公众关注的焦点之一,电磁带隙(EBG)结构在其禁带内具有阻抗高、反射波与入射波位相相同的特点,可以抑制印刷线路板的表面波改善天线辐射性能,减少进入脑部的电磁信号。在1.8 GHz频段,对加载EBG结构的反射板的天线系统进行了仿真,结果表明,与未加载EBG的天线系统相比,加载EBG结构的偶极天线系统不仅可以保证天线的辐射增益,同时人体脑部电磁波的比吸收率大大降低,加载EBG反射板可以有效抑制人体脑部的电磁场强度;由于天线与反射板的互相耦合,天线的尺度与未加载EBG结构的天线相比尺度变小,同位相反射偶极天线与EBG距离很近,实现了低轮廓天线。     

一种采用电磁带隙结构地板的微带八木天线

提出了一种采用二维电磁带隙结构地板为反射器的微带八木天线.对所构造电磁带隙结构的电磁传输特性进行了研究,通过HFSS仿真和优化,使所设计天线的谐振频率落在电磁带隙地板阻带范围之内,有效地提高了天线的增益和阻抗带宽.实测结果表明,在2.3～2.75 Ghz频率范围,所设计天线的回波损耗S11≤-10dB,其阻抗相对带宽为...     

A new FDTD scheme analysis for the characteristics of the magnetic‐anisotropic EBG structure

In this article, the new grid finite‐difference time‐domain (NG‐FDTD) method is applied to calculate the dispersion curves of electromagnetic band‐gap structures, and the dispersion characteristics of three magnetic‐anisotropic medium EBG structure are obtained using the NG‐FDTD method. According to these results, we can conclude that the EBG structure of a magnetic‐anisotropic medium, in which the permeability of nondiagonal elements is real, has a much larger band‐stop than that of isotropic EBG. Other magnetic‐anisotropic EBG structures can also increase the first band‐stop. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2005.     

平面型紧凑微波光子晶体研究

为了提高微波光子晶体尺寸的紧凑性,根据其带隙结构的局域谐振原理和等效电路分析模型,对传统的UCEBG结构进行了改进,提出了一种新型EBG结构.该结构通过引入弯曲折线延长了电流长度,增大了等效电感效应,同时采用了更长的边缘耦合,延长了等效磁流,增强了等效电容效应.实验结果表明,新结构能够产生频率带隙,其带隙中心频率比传统的UCEBG结构低36.5%,且相对带宽保持不变,达到了实现紧凑UC-EBG结构的目的.     

基于Mushroom-like EBG的双带隙电磁带隙结构研究

针对工程应用的要求,根据Mushrooa-like EBG结构的局域谐振原理和等效电路分析模型,提出了一种双带隙紧凑电磁带隙结构.该结构通过引入交织螺旋导带来增加等效电感效应,减小了周期单元尺寸.采用了交替排列凹凸金属贴片,实现了可重构的双频率带隙.最后通过对3×5 EBG单元阵列的仿真实验,证明了该设计是有效的.