全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12310篇 |
免费 | 1557篇 |
国内免费 | 962篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 695篇 |
综合类 | 1243篇 |
化学工业 | 2320篇 |
金属工艺 | 295篇 |
机械仪表 | 585篇 |
建筑科学 | 862篇 |
矿业工程 | 465篇 |
能源动力 | 311篇 |
轻工业 | 1718篇 |
水利工程 | 484篇 |
石油天然气 | 551篇 |
武器工业 | 163篇 |
无线电 | 772篇 |
一般工业技术 | 918篇 |
冶金工业 | 463篇 |
原子能技术 | 88篇 |
自动化技术 | 2896篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 84篇 |
2023年 | 179篇 |
2022年 | 391篇 |
2021年 | 414篇 |
2020年 | 476篇 |
2019年 | 395篇 |
2018年 | 403篇 |
2017年 | 458篇 |
2016年 | 538篇 |
2015年 | 511篇 |
2014年 | 761篇 |
2013年 | 813篇 |
2012年 | 994篇 |
2011年 | 965篇 |
2010年 | 744篇 |
2009年 | 716篇 |
2008年 | 658篇 |
2007年 | 817篇 |
2006年 | 685篇 |
2005年 | 586篇 |
2004年 | 514篇 |
2003年 | 444篇 |
2002年 | 365篇 |
2001年 | 313篇 |
2000年 | 251篇 |
1999年 | 249篇 |
1998年 | 196篇 |
1997年 | 153篇 |
1996年 | 120篇 |
1995年 | 106篇 |
1994年 | 97篇 |
1993年 | 87篇 |
1992年 | 54篇 |
1991年 | 64篇 |
1990年 | 36篇 |
1989年 | 27篇 |
1988年 | 30篇 |
1987年 | 18篇 |
1986年 | 20篇 |
1985年 | 18篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1964年 | 2篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
The load applied to a machine tool feed drive changes during the machining process as material is removed. This load change alters the Coulomb friction of the feed drive. Because Coulomb friction accounts for a large part of the total friction the friction compensation control accuracy of the feed drives is limited if this nonlinear change in the applied load is not considered. This paper presents a new friction compensation method that estimates the machine tool load in real time and considers its effect on friction characteristics. A friction observer based on a Kalman filter with load estimation is proposed for friction compensation control considering the applied load change. A specially designed feed drive testbed that enables the applied load to be modified easily was constructed for experimental verification. Control performance and friction estimation accuracy are demonstrated experimentally using the testbed. 相似文献
2.
Online configuration of large-scale systems such as networks requires parameter optimization within a limited amount of time, especially when configuration is needed as a response to recover from a failure in the system. To quickly configure such systems in an online manner, we propose a Probabilistic Trans-Algorithmic Search (PTAS) framework which leverages multiple optimization search algorithms in an iterative manner. PTAS applies a search algorithm to determine how to best distribute available experiment budget among multiple optimization search algorithms. It allocates an experiment budget to each available search algorithm and observes its performance on the system-at-hand. PTAS then probabilistically reallocates the experiment budget for the next round proportional to each algorithm’s performance relative to the rest of the algorithms. This “roulette wheel” approach probabilistically favors the more successful algorithm in the next round. Following each round, the PTAS framework “transfers” the best result(s) among the individual algorithms, making our framework a trans-algorithmic one. PTAS thus aims to systematize how to “search for the best search” and hybridize a set of search algorithms to attain a better search. We use three individual search algorithms, i.e., Recursive Random Search (RRS) (Ye and Kalyanaraman, 2004), Simulated Annealing (SA) (Laarhoven and Aarts, 1987), and Genetic Algorithm (GA) (Goldberg, 1989), and compare PTAS against the performance of RRS, GA, and SA. We show the performance of PTAS on well-known benchmark objective functions including scenarios where the objective function changes in the middle of the optimization process. To illustrate applicability of our framework to automated network management, we apply PTAS on the problem of optimizing link weights of an intra-domain routing protocol on three different topologies obtained from the Rocketfuel dataset. We also apply PTAS on the problem of optimizing aggregate throughput of a wireless ad hoc network by tuning datarates of traffic sources. Our experiments show that PTAS successfully picks the best performing algorithm, RRS or GA, and allocates the time wisely. Further, our results show that PTAS’ performance is not transient and steadily improves as more time is available for search. 相似文献
3.
前期杂交优化后赤芝菌种经液体深层发酵后,提取灵芝菌丝体多糖,并过DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow柱分离纯化,利用高效体积排阻色谱(HPSEC)检测多糖级分的纯度,采用完全酸水解PMP柱前衍生化RP—HPLC测定多糖级分的单糖组成,多角度光散射仪联用装置(SEC—MALLS)测定其绝对重均分子量(Mw),并且根据分子旋转半径与分子摩尔数的关系曲线斜率初步推断其空间构象。结果显示:分离纯化得到3个多糖级分GLMP1、GLMP2和GLMP3,HPSEC检测其峰面积百分比分别为93.58%,97.64%,99.19%,单糖组成分析结果表明GLMP1、GLMP2和GLMP3均含有甘露糖、鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖和岩藻糖,但单糖摩尔比各异。SEC—MALLS测试GLMP1、GLMP2和GLMP3的Mw分别为4.526×105,4.603×104,3.760×103 g/mol,3个多糖级分构象可能均为高度紧缩且具有分支结构的聚合物。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
通过密度测定和DSC热分析,观测了超高分子量聚乙烯的辐射效应。实验结果表明:在吸收剂量0—1.13MGy范围内,密度随吸收剂量的增加而增大,熔化热和熔点也有所增加,特别是在低剂量范围内增加十分明显。以上结果都说明,超高分子量聚乙烯在辐照过程中,结晶在完善或有新的结晶形成 相似文献
7.
Poly(vinyl alcohol) is crosslinked in dilute solution (c=0.1 wt%) with glutaraldehyde. The reaction product is characterized by viscometry and gel permeation chromatography (g.p.c.). The intrinsic viscosity decreases with increasing degree of crosslinking and does not depend on temperature. G.p.c. reveals that the reaction product is not homogeneous, but consists of a mixture of particles with different sizes, possibly both intra- and intermolecularly crosslinked molecules. The intramolecularly crosslinked molecules are smaller in size than the initial polymer molecules and their size depends on the degree of crosslinking. They possess a narrow particle size distribution even if the initial polymer sample had a broad molecular weight distribution. 相似文献
8.
In polyolefin processes the melt index (MI) is the most important control variable indicating product quality. Because of
the difficulty in the on-line measurement of MI, a lot of MI estimation and correlation methods have been proposed. In this
work a new dynamic MI estimation scheme is developed based on system identification techniques. The empirical MI estimation
equation proposed in the present study is derived from the 1
st
-order dynamic models. Effectiveness of the present estimation scheme was illustrated by numerical simulations based on plant
operation data including grade change operations in high density polyethylene (HDPE) processes. From the comparisons with
other estimation methods it was found that the proposed estimation scheme showed better performance in MI predictions. The
virtual sensor model developed based on the estimation scheme was combined with the virtual on-line analyzer (VOA) to give
a quality control system to be implemented in the actual HDPE plant. From the application of the present control system, significant
reduction of transition time and the amount of off-spec during grade changes was achieved 相似文献
9.
There is widespread application of indicators to the assessment of environmental condition of streams. These indicators are intended for use by managers in making various comparative and absolute assessments and often have a role in resource allocation and performance assessment. Therefore, the problem of formally defining confidence in the results is important but difficult because the sampling strategies used are commonly based on a compromise between the requirements of statistical rigour and the pragmatic issues of access and resources. It is rare to see this compromise explicitly considered and consequently there is seldom quantification of the uncertainty that could affect the confidence a manager has in an indicator. In this paper, we present a method for quantitatively assessing the tradeoffs between sampling density and uncertainty in meeting various monitoring objectives. Assessments using judgement‐based representative reaches are shown to be unreliable; instead a sampling approach is recommended based on the random selection of measuring sites. A detailed dataset was collected along two streams in Victoria, Australia, and the effect of sampling density was assessed by subsampling from this dataset with precision related to the number of sites assessed per reach length and the intensity of the sampling at each site. The sampling scheme to achieve a given precision is shown to depend on the monitoring objective. In particular, three objectives were considered: (1) making a baseline assessment of current condition; (2) change detection; and (3) detection of a critical threshold in condition. Change detection is shown to be more demanding than assessing baseline condition with additional sampling effort required to achieve the same precision. Sampling to detect a critical threshold depends on nominating acceptable values of Type I and II error and the size of the effect to be detected. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.