充气式张弦穹顶结构静力性能与稳定性研究

基于Tensairity结构概念设计了跨度80m的充气式张弦穹顶结构,建立了精细化的有限元模型,实现了零状态、初始态和荷载态的全过程数值模拟,分析了结构在不同工况下的静力性能和稳定性。研究表明：该结构体系具有良好的静力性能和稳定性,内压在1~4kPa范围内即可保证充气气囊对刚性构件的支撑作用;整体结构没有出现明显的弹性失稳问题,导致结构失效的主要原因是构件的材料破坏和膜材的应力松弛;当内压较低时,结构因上层膜面松弛而失效;当内压较高时,结构因刚性上弦大范围进入塑性状态而破坏。自振特性分析表明,该结构的整体刚性较大,但绕中心轴的抗扭刚度较为薄弱。     

Structural behavior of asymmetric spindle-shaped Tensairity girders under bending loads

The load bearing behavior of an asymmetric spindle shaped Tensairity girder is studied experimentally and compared to finite element analyses. The influence of the air pressure on the stiffness of the structure is investigated for homogeneous distributed load, asymmetric distributed load and a local load at the center of the structure. An overall good correlation between experiments and finite element predictions was found. An analytical model based on two coupled ordinary differential equations is presented and solved for the homogeneous distributed load case. The role of the form of the Tensairity girder on the stiffness is investigated by comparing the load-deflection behavior of the asymmetric spindle shaped girder with a cylindrical shaped girder.     

大跨度纺锤形气撑式张弦梁找形分析

气撑式张弦结构是一种利用预应力建立初始刚度的新型结构体系,为研究结构在初始预应力作用下位形变化对其力学性能的影响,采用改进的逆迭代法对60 m跨度纺锤形气撑式张弦梁进行找形分析,研究了找形对结构初始态下内力分布和荷载态下极限承载力的影响,对比了该结构与桁架、传统张弦梁的力学性能和经济性.结果表明:找形后初始态上弦位形误差只有矢高的0.67%;经找形结构初始态下内力分布较未经找形结构发生明显改变,且荷载态下竖向承载力降低22.24%;气撑式张弦结构刚度较等跨度桁架和传统张弦梁要低,但用钢量要少34.80%.找形分析可有效控制大跨度气撑式张弦梁初始态位形误差,但对其力学性能影响较大.