葡萄栽培品种花芽高节位分化观察研究

在管理良好、植株健壮的条件下，葡萄花芽高节位分化是一个普遍的现象。一年生枝从低节位到高节位均可形成正常的花芽，并能正常开花结果，而且高节位分化花芽对当年的果实品质及次年的花芽分化无不良的影响。合理利用这一特性对促进葡萄幼树早丰产有重要的指导意义。     

甜菜雄性不育系及保持系花期蛋白差异分析

为揭示甜菜雄性不育的原因,从蛋白质组学角度对甜菜细胞质雄性不育进行研究,利用双向电泳与MALDI-TOF-MS方法,对Owen型甜菜质核互作型雄性不育系DY5-CMS及同型保持系DY5-O花粉发育3个阶段(雄蕊原基分化期、四分体时期和单核时期)的花蕾蛋白差异表达进行研究．结果表明： 在雄蕊原基分化期花蕾中鉴定出6个差异蛋白,在四分体时期鉴定出4个差异蛋白,这些蛋白多数与呼吸和能量代谢有关,推测甜菜细胞质雄性不育可能是花粉发育早期(雄蕊原基分化期和四分体时期)与能量和呼吸代谢有关的蛋白表达上调导致呼吸和能量代谢紊乱造成的;在花粉发育的单核时期鉴定出6个差异蛋白,这些蛋白主要与植物的光合作用有关,推测到花粉发育后期雄性不育性状已形成,雄性不育导致植物光合机能下降．     

大豆中总醛含量变化与大豆腥味的关联研究

本研究用水稻芽粉对不同产地的两种大豆进行脱腥处理,并测定其总醛含量,考查总醛与豆腥味的关系.实验发现大豆的豆腥味同醛类有密切关系,豆乳总醛含量最低的工艺为:温度50℃,加酶量2%,pH8.0,加酶反应时间2hr.     

暗紫贝母愈伤组织和不定芽诱导研究

目的：对暗紫贝母愈伤组织和不定芽诱导进行研究。方法：以暗紫贝母新鲜鳞茎为外植体,在附加NAA和6-BA不同浓度配比的MS培养基上进行离体培养。结果：鲜鳞茎能诱导形成愈伤组织和不定芽。其中,NAA1.2mg/L＋6-BA1.8mg/L的MS培养基中外植体愈伤组织诱导率最高,达53.3%;NAA1.2mg/L＋6-BA1.6mg/L的MS培养基中外植体不定芽诱导率最高,达73.3%。结论：建立了暗紫贝母愈伤组织和不定芽诱导的培养方法。     

打顶后供钾水平对烟草体内钾素积累分配的影响

本试验采用砂培和营养液培养的方式,探索了打顶后供钾水平对烟草体内钾素积累分配的影响。结果表明,打顶能够促进烟株的生长,增加生物量。钾素在烟株体内移动活跃,无钾培养烟株的根部有大量钾素向叶片运输;提高供钾水平,烟株的钾浓度和钾含量显著提高。打顶后烟株的钾浓度和钾含量下降,但钾素在叶片的积累量增加,上部叶片的钾含量显著提高。     

Assembly interdependence among the S. cerevisiae bud neck ring proteins Elm1p,Hsl1p and Cdc12p

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a complex comprising more than 20 different polypeptides assembles in a ring at the neck between the mother cell and the bud. This complex functions to coordinate cell morphology with cell division. Relatively little is known about this control system, including the physical relationships between the components of the neck ring. This study addressed the assembly interactions of three components of the ring, specifically the protein kinases Elm1p and Hsl1p and the septin Cdc12p. Specific amino acid substitutions in each of these three proteins were identified that either cause or suppress a characteristic phenotype of abnormally elongated cells and delay in the G(2)-M transition. Each protein was fused to green fluorescent protein, and its ability to localize at the neck was monitored in vivo in cells of various genotypes. Localization of Hsl1p to the neck requires Elm1p function. Elm1p localized normally in the absence of Hsl1p, although a specific point mutation in Hsl1p clearly affected Elm1p localization. The cdc12-122 mutation prevented assembly of Elm1p or Hsl1p into the neck ring. Normal assembly of Cdc12p at the neck was dependent upon Elm1p and also, to a smaller extent, on Hsl1p. Ectopic localization of Cdc12p at the bud tip was observed frequently in elm1 mutants and also, to a lesser extent, in hsl1 mutants. Thus, Elm1p is a key factor in the assembly and/or maintenance of Hsl1p, as well as at least one septin, into the bud neck ring.     

有机无机型专用肥料对金线莲品质的影响

通过田间试验,研究自制的有机无机型专用肥料对金线莲品质的影响。结果表明,施用有机无机型专用肥的金线莲中黄酮类、核苷类、熊果酸、豆甾醇及多糖等指标均明显提高,重金属含量明显降低,有益微量元素含量有所提高。     

An FTIR study of the induction and release of kiwifruit buds from dormancy

BACKGROUND: Many deciduous, perennial fruit crops require winter chilling for adequate budbreak and flowering. Recent research has shown that changes in sugar and amino acid profiles are associated with the release of buds from dormancy. This paper uses FTIR spectrometry to provide an alternative mechanism for tracking metabolic changes in the meristems of kiwifruit buds during winter dormancy. The results suggest that the application of multivariate analysis to FTIR spectra has the potential to be a reliable and fast method for detecting structural and compositional changes in fruit crops. RESULTS: Ten wave numbers of the FTIR spectra are used to calculate a bud development function. This function has been validated using data from two seasons and four orchards, and by monitoring the effects of hydrogen cyanamide application, sugar concentrations and soil temperatures on this function. These wave numbers appear to be associated with carbohydrate, pectin and cellulose levels in the meristems. CONCLUSION: It is expected that this FTIR signature can be used to advance our understanding of the influence of the various environmental and physiological factors on the breaking of bud dormancy and shoot outgrowth, including the optimum timing and concentrations of applications of budbreak regulators, such as hydrogen cyanamide. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Composition of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud oil extracted using carbon dioxide

Analysis of clove (Syzygium aromaticum L) bud oil extracted with liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide shows significant qualitative and quantitative compositional differences compared with oil obtained by the conventional hydrodistillation process. The parameters of pressure, temperature, contact time etc, and also the clove oil components, affect the extraction of the bud flavour from the spice.     

单、重瓣玉簪花器官分化和花形态学比较研究

以单瓣和重瓣玉簪为试验材料,采用石蜡切片法和显微技术研究了其花器官分化和花形态发育过程的差异,为进一步研究单、重瓣玉簪形成的分子机制奠定形态学基础。结果表明:(1)单瓣花和重瓣花的花芽分化过程均可分形态分化前期、被片原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期、雌蕊原基分化期4个时期,各轮花器官按照向心顺序发育。(2)单瓣花包含6枚呈两轮排列的花被片、6枚雄蕊和1枚雌蕊,而重瓣花包含6枚呈两轮排列的花被片,6枚由雄蕊同源转化成的被片,中央心皮愈合不完整。