井下液气分离器分离原理及结构改进

液气分离器就是充分利用电泵机组的高转速、气体和液体之间悬殊的密度差异进行液气离心分离。经过多年的发展,在传统的液气分离器结构基础上又出现了许多新的设计和改进,大大提高了液气分离器的分离效果。文章重点论述了液气分离器的分离原理和结构上的改进之处。     

Comparison of Displacement and Mixing Diffusers

In order to cumpare the peformance of different supply diffuers of ventilation air, the airflow passern, temperature stratifiation and contaminant dispersion in a furnitured office ventilated by three kinds of air diffuer were numerically investigated. The air diffuers studied in this paper are a quarter-cylinder displacement diffuer on the floor and mixing diffuers (linear and vortex diffuers) on the ceiling. The heat sources in the of-fice are considered to be 50% convective and 50% radiative. The k-? two-equatwn model of turbulence is employed to predict the turbulent diffusion. The results show that the displacement diffuser provides a rather uniform flow field with low velocify in most areas, and the vertical temperature difference from floor to ceiling is as high as 6 K. With the linear diffuser, the air velociry is high, and the temperature is uniform both horizontally and vertically. The air velocity generated by the vortex diffuser is moderate. The distributions of the temperature and the contaminant are rather uniform.     

高调门故障原因分析及防范措施

2015年2月15日合肥二电厂#2机组调停,#2机高调门行程试验数据异常(从关闭状态至100%行程):左侧垂直高调门油动机没拆,行程比上次检修大3.24mm。油动机拆除后,该调门行程比上次检修大4.3mm。右侧垂直高调门油动机没拆,行程比上次检修大3.77mm。首先将左侧垂直高调门解体,检查发现固定扩散器的12颗螺栓全部折断,部分断螺栓不知去向。根据安排扩大检查范围,发现右侧垂直高调门扩散器螺栓孔损坏,固定扩散器螺栓也全部折断。2月26日使用内窥镜检查#2机高压缸,发现内部有许多金属异物,高压缸及高调门被迫转大修。     

超音速扩压器喷雾冷却数值仿真研究

为了探讨研究喷雾冷却中冷却水流量、喷射速度及喷嘴轴向分布位置等因素对超音速扩压器壁面温度的影响,借助CFD计算软件FLUENT,采用标准k-ε湍流模型,对喷雾冷却下超音速扩压器内流场进行了数值仿真。通过计算,得到了扩压器内压强分布及壁面温度分布。分析了喷雾冷却中冷却水流量、喷射速度及喷嘴轴向位置对超音速扩压器壁面温度的影响。研究表明：随着冷却水流量的增大,扩压器壁面温度降低。同时,扩压器入口处静压升高,对应仿真高度降低;减小冷却水喷射速度,可以有效降低扩压器入口处壁面温度;喷嘴的轴向分布位置对扩压器壁面温度有较大影响,仿真结果证明,喷嘴沿轴向呈对数分布有利于降低扩压器壁面温度。     

大坡降复合式水平旋流内消能泄洪洞阻塞扩散段试验研究

以两河口水电站3#导流洞改建为复合式大坡降水平旋流内消能泄洪洞为例,对大坡降水平旋流洞末端和导流洞之间的衔接方式进行了试验研究。提出了阻塞渐扩和阻塞突扩两种不同的衔接方式,并对两种旋流扩散体型局部流态及壁面压强、断面掺气浓度、旋流扩散轨迹等水力特性进行了量测与分析,得到各体型旋流扩散段流态及各项水力特性随上游水位变化的基本规律。     

Marine Wastewater Discharges from Multiport Diffusers. II: Unstratified Flowing Water

Laboratory experiments on the near-field mixing of buoyant plumes discharged from multiport diffusers into unstratified flowing water are reported. The spatial variation of dilution was measured by a newly developed three-dimensional laser-induced fluorescence system and a microconductivity probe. The near-field hydrodynamics are complex. The plumes discharged upstream dilute and merge more rapidly than those discharged downstream. Even with wide port spacing, the plumes eventually merge to form a laterally uniform surface wastefield. The density profile in this wastefield becomes gravitationally stable and suppresses mixing, marking the end of the near field. The value of the port spacing ratio, s/H, below which the discharge approximates a line plume is greater for discharge into a flowing current than into a stationary environment, so the port spacing plays a lesser role in a flowing current. The mixing and dilution that occurs in the surface layer is less than for a discharge into a stationary environment, and it decreases as the current speed increases. Semiempirical equations to predict the major near field characteristics are presented.     

改进型N300MW机组高压调节汽门故障处理

针对大坝发电有限责任公司#2汽轮机运行中#4高压调节汽门扩散器松动的问题,对松动原因进行了分析,并通过机组检修进行了处理,提出了此类问题的处理方案,确保了机组的安全运行。     

航天发动机叶片电解加工流场设计和试验研究

电解加工作为整体构件制造的主要技术之一,其流场设计的合理性将严重影响电解加工过程的稳定性、加工效率和质量。针对航天发动机叶片式扩压器设计了部分阻隔式反W型流场,并开展了与侧流式和反W型流场的仿真比较。仿真结果表明,该流场方式可以保证加工区电解液的高速流动,并能有效避免进/排气边漏液现象。最后,在部分阻隔式反W型流场中开展了叶片式扩压器电解加工试验,在阴极进给速度为0.5 mm/min时加工出了扩压器叶片,验证了流场设计的合理性。     

高效抑制斜入射光线Fresnel反射的均匀扩散板设计

针对无导光板LED平板灯具设计中常规扩 散板对斜入射光线透过率低的问题,基于几何光 学和Fresnel公式,设计了一种具有高效抑制斜入射光线Fresnel反射的表面微结构扩散板, 并推导了获得 高光传输效率的三棱柱微结构参数计算公式。采用Solidworks软件进行建模,并结合TraceP ro软件对所设计 的扩散板进行光线追迹仿真,分析了扩散板微结构参数对光传输效率和照明面照度均匀度的 影响。结果表 明,入射表面微结构不等腰三棱柱的尺寸和形状、出射表面半凹球面微透镜直径对斜入射光 线传输效率都 有较大影响;参数优化后的扩散板,在距离出光面 1mm处的照明面上的光传输效率为0.92,照度均匀度为 96.8%,并且不同距离照明面上的照度均匀度均能达到80%以上 。根据理论分析得出的优化参数制作扩散板,得到传输效率为0.91。     

离心压缩机无叶扩压器的改进新方法

研究了某高压比离心压缩机无叶扩压器的性能,提出在无叶扩压器轮盘侧加装一定高度机翼型导叶的改进方法。结果表明,这种扩压器可以改善其内部流动,提高自身的压力恢复系数和效率,从而改善离心压缩机的整级性能。