AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金铸态与退火态的耐蚀性研究

采用真空电弧熔炼法熔炼出AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金,并在600℃、800℃、1000℃下进行了真空退火处理。利用XRD、SEM、EDS和电化学腐蚀试验对合金退火前后的微观组织以及在3.5%的NaCl溶液、0.5mol/L的NaOH溶液、0.5mol/L的H2SO4溶液中的耐蚀性进行了研究。组织分析表明合金在铸态和三种温度的退火态下均没有复杂结构的脆性金属间化合物生成;在铸态和600℃、800℃退火处理后合金均由简单的BCC结构构成,成树枝晶形态;在1000℃退火处理后,树枝晶消失,微观组织转变为短棒状的FCC析出相和BCC基体交替排列;在铸态及三种温度的退火态下,Co、Fe、Ni分布较均匀,Cr、Al存在一定的偏析,Al在铸态偏析最严重,Cr在800℃退火态偏析最严重。电化学腐蚀试验结果表明铸态和三种温度退火态的AlCoCrFeNi 合金在 3.5%的 NaCl 溶液和0.5mol/L 的 NaOH 溶液中的耐蚀性优良;在 3.5%的 NaCl 溶液中1000℃退火态的耐蚀性最好;在0.5mol/L 的 NaOH 溶液中,4种状态的合金耐蚀性相差不大;在 0.5mol/L H2SO4 溶液中,4种状态的合金都发生了钝化现象,1000℃退火态维钝电流密度最小,破钝电位最高,耐蚀性最好。     

激光熔覆纳米TiC增强AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金磨损及腐蚀性能研究

采用激光熔覆技术在 304 不锈钢表层制备了纳米 TiC 增强 AlCoCrFeNi 高熵合金涂层,利用扫描电镜、能谱仪、X 射线衍射仪等设备系统研究了涂层的组织形貌、相结构及元素分布;采用显微硬度计、摩擦磨损仪、超景深显微镜和电化学工作站等设备表征了涂层的硬度分布、磨损特性及耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,类球形纳米级 TiC 与棒状微米级 TiC 沉淀相均匀分布在涂层 bcc（B2）相基体中。添加 TiC 增强相后,AlCoCrFeNi 高熵合金涂层的硬度比未添加 TiC 涂层的硬度提升了 15%;表层磨损率及磨损后表面单位面积粗糙度（Sa）分别较 AlCoCrFeNi 高熵合金涂层降低了 42% 和 18%,涂层中 TiC 增强相的弥散强化作用是涂层硬度、耐磨性提升的主要原因。添加 TiC 的 AlCoCrFeNi 高熵合金涂层较未添加 TiC 涂层的自腐蚀电流降低了约1个数量级,TiC 增强相使涂层表面形成致密的钝化膜是其耐蚀性能好的主要原因。     

Effects of WC addition on the erosion behavior of high-velocity oxygen fuel sprayed AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy coatings

In this study, AlCoCrFeNi (H1), AlCoCrFeNi+25 wt%WC-10Co (H2), and AlCoCrFeNi+50 wt%WC-10Co (H3) high-entropy alloy (HEA)/tungsten carbide (WC) composite coatings were deposited onto 316 stainless steel substrates by applying the high-velocity oxygen fuel spraying technology. The phase, layered microstructure, microhardness, and erosion behavior of the coatings were analyzed by performing X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectrometry, Vickers microhardness testing, and slurry erosion testing. The effects of WC addition on the erosion behavior and mechanism of the coatings at different flow velocities were investigated. The deposited coatings were compacted and adhered well to the substrate. The AlCoCrFeNi coating was composed of BCC and FCC phases. The porosity of the H1, H2 and H3 coatings were 0.24%, 0.33% and 0.45%, respectively, and were less than 1%. The microhardness of the HEA/WC composite coatings was positively correlated with WC content. The volume loss and rate of volume loss of the coatings decreased with the addition of WC. The erosion mechanism of the AlCoCrFeNi coating was typical ductile wear, with a small amount of interlayer peeling. Furrows, cuttings, and plastic deformation caused by low grazing angles contributed to the failure of the AlCoCrFeNi coating. In the HEA/WC composite coatings, WC protected the HEA from more severe plastic deformation by second-phase strengthening, and the main erosion mechanism of WC was gradual brittle detachment caused by high-grazing-angle erosion in which craters, cracks, and massive spalling were responsible for the erosion process.     

Influence of Al content on thermal stability of nanocrystalline AlxCoCrFeNi high entropy alloys at low and intermediate temperatures

Thermal stability of mechanically alloyed nanocrystalline Al_xCoCrFeNi (x = 0, 0.3, 0.6, 1 mol) high entropy alloys (HEAs) has been investigated for the low and intermediate temperature range of 673–1073 K. Single phase FCC structure is observed in the as milled CoCrFeNi. A mixture of FCC and BCC phases is exhibited by × = 0.3, 0.6 and 1, alloys where the volume fraction of BCC increases with increasing Al content. Phase evolution in heat-treated Al_xCoCrFeNi HEAs proceeds via increasing BCC fraction at 673 K, followed by subsequent reduction at elevated temperatures. For each alloy, the major phase observed in as milled condition and it is retained even after prolonged exposure at the 1073 K. Al favors the formation of the BCC phase due to its high affinity to form ordered B2 structures with constituent elements Co, Fe and Ni. Thermal exposure of Al_xCoCrFeNi HEAs also leads to the formation of Cr₇C₃, owing to the higher negative free energy of carbide formation for Cr among other constituents. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations substantiated that nanostructure of milled powder is maintained even after the heat treatment. Grain growth factor for quinary HEAs is relatively lower than quaternary CoCrFeNi owing to their slower rates of diffusion.     

选区激光熔化制备AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金的成形性能

采用选区激光熔化(SLM)技术制备了AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金,研究了激光工艺参数对成形性、致密度、微观组织以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,随体能量密度的增加,致密度逐渐增加,最佳的SLM参数为激光功率50 W,扫描速度300 mm/s,扫描间距70 μm,层厚30 μm。铸态和SLM态合金是由无序BCC相(A2)和有序BCC相(B2)组成的双相体心立方结构,由于细晶强化作用,选区激光熔化试样具有比铸态试样更高的显微硬度,但是压缩屈服强度降低,原因是选区激光熔化合金中存在裂纹、孔洞等缺陷。     

HVOF喷涂AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层在模拟海水钻井液中的腐蚀和磨损性能研究

目的 提高钻具关键易损零部件在海洋钻探实际应用中的耐腐蚀和磨损性能。方法 采用超音速火焰喷涂技术（HVOF）制备Al CoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层。使用电化学工作站对涂层和35CrMo钢基体（常用的钻具材料）进行电化学测试,电化学测试包括动电位极化曲线测试和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）测试。采用摩擦磨损试验机对涂层在模拟海水钻井液中不同载荷和不同滑动速度下的磨损行为进行研究。采用扫描电子显微镜及X射线能谱仪对磨痕表面微观形貌及成分进行分析,利用三维白光干涉形貌仪测量涂层的磨痕三维形貌及磨损体积。结果 HVOF喷涂Al Co Cr Fe Ni高熵合金涂层在模拟海水钻井液中的耐腐蚀性优于35CrMo钢基体,可以起到有效的腐蚀防护作用。相同条件下,Al CoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层的耐磨性优于35CrMo钢基体。在滑动摩擦磨损过程中,随着载荷及滑动速度的增大,涂层的平均摩擦系数和磨损率均增大,且涂层的磨粒磨损程度加重。当载荷为6 N时,涂层发生疲劳磨损;当滑动速度为0.15 m/s时,涂层出现粘着磨损。模拟海水钻井液对涂层磨损性能的影响可以分为2个方面。一方面可以起到润滑作用,模拟海水钻井液显著改...     

不同载荷对HVOF 喷涂AlCoCrFeNi 高熵合金涂层摩擦学性能的影响

目的 提高深地钻探钻具关键零部件的抗磨性能。方法 采用超音速火焰喷涂技术(HVOF)制备AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层。采用X射线衍射仪对高熵合金粉末和涂层的相组成进行研究,采用扫描电子显微镜对高熵合金粉末及涂层的微观结构进行分析,使用维氏显微硬度计测得涂层的显微硬度,采用摩擦磨损试验机对涂层在不同载荷下的磨损行为进行研究。采用SEM和EDS对磨痕表面进行分析,采用XPS技术分析磨痕元素成分,利用三维白光干涉形貌仪测量涂层的磨损体积和表面粗糙度。结果 HVOF喷涂AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层结构致密,相结构为BCC相,显微硬度达(536±34)HV0.2,约为35CrMo钢基体[(278±20)HV0.2]的2倍。随着载荷的增加,涂层的摩擦系数减小、磨损率增大。相同载荷下(6 N),涂层的磨损率约为基体的41%。HVOF喷涂AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层的磨损失效机制为,低载荷下(2 N)主要为氧化磨损伴随着轻微的磨粒磨损;高载荷下(4、6 N)受到反复剪切应力出现疲劳磨损。结论 HVOF喷涂AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层具有良好的抗磨性能,可以有效减轻磨损,有望应用于深地钻探钻具关键零部件的表面防护。     

Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Multi-Microalloying Mg Alloys Prepared by Adding AlCoCrFeNi Alloy

In this work, a series of multi-microalloying Mg alloys with a high degradation rate and high strength was prepared by adding AlCoCrFeNi HEA particles to the Mg melt followed by hot extrusion. The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the alloys were studied, meanwhile, the corrosion properties were evaluated by immersion weight loss and electrochemical tests. Results indicated that HEA particles in the Mg melt were decomposed and formed the Ni-rich phase, which was distributed uniformly in the Mg matrix. Compared with the pure Mg matrix, the Mg-3 HEA alloy exhibited excellent mechanical properties of the ultimate tensile strength  ~ 237 MPa and tensile yield strength  ~ 181 MPa, an increased rate of ~ 49.1 and ~ 96.7%, respectively, without sacrificing the elongation. And the ultimate compressive strength (UCS) and compressive yield strength increased by ~ 31.5 and ~ 43% to 392 ± 3 and 103 ± 2 MPa, respectively. Based on theoretical analysis, the high YS of the alloys was mainly attributed to fine-grain strengthening and second phase strengthening. Besides, based on the study of corrosion behavior, it was found that with the increase in HEA particle content, the degradation rate of the composites increased because of the promotion of micro-galvanic corrosion, and the Mg-3 HEA alloy showed a maximum degradation rate of ~ 25.2 mg cm^-2 h^-1.     

Faceted Kurdjumov-Sachs interface-induced slip continuity in the eutectic high-entropy alloy,AlCoCrFeNi_(2.1)

Recently,the eutectic high-entropy alloy(EHEA),AlCoCrFeNi_2.1,can reach a good balance of strength and ductility.The dual-phase alloy exhibits a eutectic lamellar microstructure with large numbers of interfaces.However,the role of the interfaces in plastic deformation have not been revealed deeply.In the present work,the orientation relationship(OR)of the interfaces has been clarified as the Kurdjumov-Sachs(KS)interfaces presenting〈111〉_B2 〈110〉_FCCand {110} _B2{111}_FCC independent of their morphologies.There exist three kinds of interfaces in the EHEA,namely,The dominating interface and the secondary interface are both non-slip planes and atomistic-scale faceted,facilitating the nucleation and slip transmission of the dislocations.The formation mechanism of the preferred interfaces is revealed using the atomistic geometrical analysis according to the criteria of the low interfacial energy based on the coincidence-site lattice(CSL)theory.In particular,the ductility of the dual-phase alloy originates from the KS interface-induced slip continuity across interfaces,which provides a high slip-transfer geometric factor.Moreover,the strengthening effect can be attributed to the interface resistance for the dislocation transmission due to the mismatches of the moduli and lattice parameters at the interfaces.     

Si对AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金热腐蚀行为的影响研究

采用真空电弧熔炼法制备了AlCoCrFeNiSix（x=0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0）高熵合金,利用75% Na2SO4 + 25% NaCl（质量分数）热盐涂覆的方法,对比研究了Si的添加及其含量对等摩尔比AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金在950℃下热腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明：经100h热腐蚀后,由于发生Al的选择性氧化,合金表层相组成由BCC转变为FCC。适量Si的添加,会促使合金表面快速生成单一Al2O3膜,提高合金的热腐蚀抗力。但随着Si含量的增加,合金表面生成了由Al2O3和富Cr-Fe-Co-Si的尖晶石氧化物组成的混合氧化产物,且在氧化膜生长应力和腐蚀性介质（氧化-硫化-氯化）的协同作用下,组织疏松易脱落,合金发生严重的内氧化和内硫化。