可见光引发剂研究进展

光固化技术的应用非常广泛，常用于光固化涂料、油墨、牙科固化、胶粘剂以及 3D打印材料等领域。与紫外光固化相比，可见光固化具备辐射安全、固化深度高、设备价格低廉等优势。作为光固化体系的重要组成部分，光引发剂的研究一直备受关注。本文对近 2~3 a可见光引发剂的研究进展进行了综述，主要从 TPO类、萘酰亚胺类、蒽醌类、咔唑类、硅酮类、肟酯类、共轭染料类、光生酸剂类和金属配合物类光引发剂 9个方面进行了综述，并对可见光引发剂的发展方向做了简单的概述。     

环氧丙烯酸酯涂料的紫外固化研究

采用E-44环氧树脂与丙烯酸反应，用翁盐作催化剂，制备了适于配制竹木基涂饰的紫外光固化的环氧丙烯酸酯预聚物，讨论了催化剂的种类对合成反应的影响。对固化产物进行了红外表征。光引发剂种类和交联剂含量对固化速率的影响、光引发剂含量对凝胶含量的影响、灯距对固化时间的影响、固化时间对涂膜性能的影响也进行了讨论。     

不饱和聚酯树脂光固化工艺的研究-光引发剂浓度

本文选用TPO、651两种光引发剂，分别配制引发剂浓度为0．25、0．5、1、2wt％的不饱和聚酯体系。通过测定光固化试样的显微硬度分析光引发剂浓度对固化程度的影响。结果表明，提高引发剂浓度能抑制氧阻聚的作用，但对于较厚的试样，引发剂浓度过高会导致固化不完全。     

N-取代马来酰亚胺作为光引发剂的研究进展

综述了近年来关于N 取代马来酰亚胺在无其它光引发剂情况下,引发丙烯酸酯和乙烯基醚聚合的研究情况。就N 取代马来酰亚胺作为光引发剂的引发机理,影响其光敏性的因素,以及在其他领域如聚合物分散液晶和高交联薄膜的应用作了介绍。参考文献32篇。     

丙烯腈光聚合研究

研究偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)作光引发剂引发丙烯腈(AN)的光聚合,探讨了单体浓度、引发剂浓度、光照时间和环境温度对单体转化率、聚合物黏均相对分子质量的影响。总结出光引发剂C60-(SR)n(C60负载引发-转移-终止剂)与常规光引发剂AIBN引发AN光聚合的区别。     

分子内敏化鎓盐的合成及光敏性研究

二芳基碘鎓盐和三芳基硫鎓盐是阳离子聚合的光引发剂和光敏产酸物,但他们在300nm以上的光吸收很低,限制了对紫外光的利用效率。为解决此问题,本文合成了一些新的碘鎓盐和硫鎓盐,并用凝胶时间方法考察了它们的光引发效率。实验结果表明,2-苯硫基甲基,2′,4′-二甲基二苯碘鎓盐和9-蒽丙基,二苯基硫鎓盐具有特别高的光引发效率,这归之于光照时这些鎓盐发生了分子内电荷转移反应,即发生了分子内敏化。9-蒽丙基二苯硫鎓盐分子中的蒽基(An)是电子给体也是敏化基团,光照时可发生如下反应:     

Synthesis of superabsorbent resin by ultraviolet photopolymerization

Synthesis of superabsorbent resin (SAR) was achieved by a new method, that of direct UV photopolymerization, and in particular the synthesis of a SAR of acrylic acid–potassium acrylate copolymer by UV photopolymerization was investigated. Influences of ratio (mol) of acrylate monomer to acrylic acid monomer, photoinitiators, crosslinking agents, and exposure time of UV light on the water‐absorbent properties were investigated. The results showed that the water absorbency (Q) of SAR based on Irgacure 1700 or Irgacure 1800 was 545–530 mL/g, but under the same conditions Q was 450 mL/g for the SAR based on Irgacure 651. N,N′‐Methylene bisacrylamide, hydroethyl acrylate, and glycerol were used as crosslinking agents, of which N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide was the most effective. It crosslinked the molecular chains through attending the copolymerization with acrylic acid (AA) and potassium acrylate. When the exposure time was 5 min, the value of Q was 1368 mL/g (the content of N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide was 100 ppm). © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1618–1624, 2004     

含二苯甲酮基的有机硅光引发体系

在UV照射下,用含巯基的有机硅化合物与聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷加成硫化虽有专利报道,但该反应体系是以二苯甲酮类化合物作为光敏剂。当我们进行这方面研究时,发现二苯甲酮与有机硅氧烷预聚物相容性差,从而影响光加成反应的速度。为了改善光敏剂与有机硅预聚物的相容性,本文合成了具二苯甲酮基团的环状有机硅氧烷及其高聚物作为光敏剂。我们的合成路线是用硅氢加成反应,制备了文献没有报道的具二苯甲酮侧基的环状硅氧烷,然后将其与八甲基环四硅氧烷一起进行开环聚合,得到了具有二苯甲酮侧基的聚有机硅氧烷,其反应过程如下:     

UV-LED光固化体系光引发剂的新进展

本文综述了可用于UV-LED光固化体系光引发剂的研究进展，包括传统光引发剂及其衍生物（硫杂蒽酮类、二苯甲酮类和酰基膦氧化物）、新型基团的光引发剂（咔唑基、萘酰亚胺基、吩嗪基、苯丙二茂基、咪唑基和三嗪基）以及高分子光引发剂。传统光引发剂的改性和大分子光引发剂的合成，可以提高引发剂的稳定性。新型光引发剂的吸收波长与UV-LED光固化的发射波长匹配性较好，但该类光引发剂常需要加入助剂。此外，描述了氧阻聚对光固化体系的影响，指出了目前UV-LED光引发剂存在的不足，并展望了其发展应用前景。。     

Copolymeric photoinitiators containing in‐chain thioxanthone and coinitiator amine for photopolymerization

Two kinds of copolymeric macromolecular photoinitiator, PTXPM and PTXPC, were prepared by introducing methylacryloyl or cinnamoyl groups to the side chain of PTXP. The photopolymerizations of poly(propylene glycol)diacrylate (PPGDA) and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), using PTXPM and PTXPC as photoinitiators, were studied by photo‐DSC. PTXPM and PTXPC have UV–vis spectra similar to that of PTXP with blue‐shift absorption maxima. The photopolymerization behavior of TMPTA, initiated by three photoinitiators, appears similar to that of PPGDA. Compared with PTXP and PTXPC, PTXPM gives higher polymerization rate and final conversion, in photopolymerization of PPGDA and TMPTA, which shows that the introduction of methyl acrylate to the PTXP chain has a greater effect on photopolymerization of PPGDA and TMPTA than that of cinnamoyl acrylate. The polymerization rate and final conversion, for photopolymerization of PPDGA initiated by PTXP, can be more effectively increased by the introduction of methyl acrylate group to the PTXP chain, than are those for TMPTA. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2395–2400, 2004