厚膜型无溶剂环氧重防腐涂料的研究

比较了不同环氧树脂、环氧固化剂、颜填料、助剂等的特性,制备了厚膜型无溶剂环氧涂料,并进行了各项性能的检测,结果表明,该涂料具有极低的VOC含量,符合环保要求,适用于要求长效防腐的钢构件。     

微波辐射下无溶剂合成苯并咪唑-2-酮

以多聚磷酸(PPA)为催化剂,邻苯二胺和脲为原料,在微波辐射下无溶剂合成了苯并咪唑-2-酮,反应时间由2～3 h缩短到6～10 min,产率为62．81％;正交实验所得影响因素顺序为:微波功率>照射时间>原料配比>催化剂用量。最优化合成工艺条件为:n(邻苯二胺):n(脲)为1:2;微波功率为126 W;反应时间为7 min;数字熔点仪、红外光谱(IR)与核磁共振谱(1H NMR)等测试结果表明产物为苯并咪唑-2-酮。     

Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants

The application of lipases to the synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants was investigated. Low yields (2–9%) were obtained in the acylation of free amino acids, such as l-serine and l-lysine, as well as their ethyl esters and amides with fatty acids, owing in part to low miscibility of the reactants. When the N-carbobenzyloxy (Cbz)-l-amino acids were used in an effort to improve miscibility of the amino acid derivatives with the acyl donor, a dramatic improvement was observed for N-Cbz-l-serine (92% yield) but not for N _α-Cbz- or N _ζ-Cbz-l-lysine (7 and 2% yield, respectively). As an alternative, and efficient synthesis of N _ζ-acyl-l-lysines was developed, based on the regiospecific chemical acylation of copper(II) lysinate. In pursuit of a general route to amino acid-fatty acid surfactants, the utility of a polyol linker was investigated. Thus, the glycerol ester of N _α′ N _ζ-di-Cbz-l-lysine was prepared and evaluated as a substrate for acylation. As expected, this and other glycer-1-yl esters of N-protected amino acids were excellent substrates for lipase-catalyzed acylation. Their reaction with myristic acid in the presence of Novozyme resulted in the regioselective acylation of the primary hydroxyl group of the glycerol moiety to afford the corresponding 1-O-(N-Cbz-l-aminoacyl)-3-O-myris-toylglycerols with conversions of 50–90%. These were readily deprotected to give a range of 1-O-(aminoacyl)-3-O-myristoyl-glycerols with overall yields of 27–71%.     

Liquid-phase oxidation of toluene by molecular oxygen over copper manganese oxides

Copper manganese oxides (Cu–Mn oxides) were prepared by coprecipitation method and characterized by several techniques, such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). Catalytic activities of the Cu–Mn oxides were tested by the oxidation of toluene with molecular oxygen in liquid phase and solvent-free conditions. The molar ratio of Cu:Mn in catalyst was optimized to be 1:1 and thus the corresponding crystalline material was designated as Cu_1.5Mn_1.5O₄.     

己二酰二腙类化合物的微波无溶剂合成

在微波无溶剂的条件下,由自制的己二酰二肼和芳醛反应,合成了12种己二酰二腙类化合物。反应过程中无需用到载体和催化剂,实验证明此方法方便、简单、环境友好,是合成此类化合物的有价值的新方法。     

无溶剂体系脂肪酶催化制阿魏酸双油酸甘油酯

在无溶剂体系中以分散在硅藻土上的褶皱假丝酵母脂肪酶为催化剂,以阿魏酸乙酯与油酸甘油酯为原料,一步合成阿魏酸双油酸甘油酯。通过质谱和红外光谱对薄层层析分离纯化后的产物结构进行了表征。定量分析表明,当反应温度为50℃,n(阿魏酸乙酯)/n(油酸甘油酯)=1时,阿魏酸双油酸甘油酯的质量占生成物总质量分数较高。在1 mmoL阿魏酸乙酯,1 mmoL油酸甘油酯和70 mg脂肪酶组成的无溶剂反应体系中,50℃空气浴振荡120 h,总产率可达63.32%,其中阿魏酸双油酸甘油酯质量占生成物总质量的63.37%。     

固定化脂肪酶催化菜籽油合成蜡酯

以菜籽油、鲸蜡醇为原料,采用实验室自制的固定化Candidia sp.99-125脂肪酶分别在有机溶剂和无溶剂体系下合成了蜡酯,在两种体系下对影响蜡酯合成的各种因素进行了比较研究,研究表明:以正己烷为反应介质,在40℃条件下反应12h,油醇摩尔比1∶2,酶量15%(质量分数,上同),水含量7.5%,蜡酯产率可达85.87%;无溶剂体系中在50℃条件下反应20h,油醇摩尔比1∶1.5,蜡酯产率可达80.68%。通过流加鲸蜡醇可以提高酶的使用寿命。     

无溶剂法合成水性聚氨酯在针织物抗起毛起球的应用

选择新型亲水扩链剂DMBA,采用无溶剂法合成抗起毛起球整理剂WPU,优化制备工艺,并将其应用在纯棉针织物和涤毛混纺针织物上。结果表明,针织物抗起毛起球等级提高了4级,织物手感和白度与原织物等级相当。红外光谱表征,异氰酸根已全部参与反应。扫描电镜(SEM)表明,经整理后的织物,纤维尾端被黏附在纱线的表面,织物表现出抗起毛起球的特征。     

Solid Ink Laser Patterning for High-Resolution Information Labels with Supervised Learning Readout

Tagging, tracking, or validation of products are often facilitated by inkjet-printed optical information labels. However, this requires thorough substrate pretreatment, ink optimization, and often lacks in printing precision/resolution. Herein, a printing method based on laser-driven deposition of solid polymer ink that allows for printing on various substrates without pretreatment is demonstrated. Since the deposition process has a precision of <1 µm, it can introduce the concept of sub-positions with overlapping spots. This enables high-resolution fluorescent labels with comparable spot-to-spot distance of down to 15 µm (444,444 spots cm⁻²) and rapid machine learning-supported readout based on low-resolution fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, the defined thickness of the printed polymer ink spots can be used to fabricate multi-channel information labels. Additional information can be stored in different fluorescence channels or in a hidden topography channel of the label that is independent of the fluorescence.