Antoni Gaudí and Frei Otto: Essential Precursors to the Parametricism Manifesto

As Senior Architect to the Basilica of the Sagrada Família in Barcelona, Mark Burry has been ‘thinking parametrically’ for almost his entire career. Here he describes how his longstanding role overseeing the completion of Antoni Gaudí's masterpiece has afforded unique insights into the work of a great geometer and parametric thinker. Burry places the contribution of Gaudí alongside that of Frei Otto – the other eminent 20th-century Proto-Parametricist.     

Design for the Future: Educational Institutions in the Gulf

Despite a distinguished heritage of learning in the Middle East, the expansion of provision for higher education is currently at an unprecedented scale. The Gulf States, in particular, are seeking to keep up with accelerated population growth and a demographic ‘youth bulge’. Guest-Editor Kevin Mitchell describes the architectural approaches employed in the design of institutions in the region from the first universities in Saudi Arabia to Foster + Partners's ground-breaking sustainable design for the Masdar Institute in Abu Dhabi and future projects.     

慕尼黑植物园的演变是欧洲园林艺术发展的缩影

欧洲的园林文化传统上青睐于规整式花园(后来被称为文艺复兴时期的花园),一直到18世纪自然风景园在英国和整个欧洲迅速蔓延开来.相比较而言,中国有着悠久的自然风景园林传统.建于1812年的慕尼黑的旧植物园刚开始也是一个规整式的花园.直到1890年才转型为一个自然风景园.城市扩张给花园造成很大的用地问题.因此1914年慕尼黑新植物园选址在城市的西郊.这20hm2的花园既有规整式的花园区域,也有自然式的花园区域.此外,园内还另辟场地,成立了一个主题花园——生态高山植物园.主题园自20世纪中叶以来越来越受欢迎.如今,主题花园为植物园提供了提高形象的重要机会.     

Weaverbird: Topological Mesh Editing for Architects

Design and computation consultant Giulio Piacentino is the developer of WeaverBird. Here he describes how the plug-in ‘gives architects more geometric control and allows them to create complex surface structures that join in orderly ways, yet in arbitrary configurations’.     

慕尼黑奥林匹克公园设计

慕尼黑奥林匹克公园在选址、场地现状利用、地形、水体、建筑设计等方面都有自身的特点,尤其在这些要素间相互协调,共同营造公园的整体景观方面十分出色.通过对它的系统介绍与分析,对当代中国如何建设具有地域文化特征和时代感的体育设施有一定的借鉴.     

慕尼黑奥林匹克公园规划与城市生活

德国慕尼黑奥林匹克公园是至今为止赛后运营最为成功的举办场所．而在经济效益背后．其与市民生活的融合更是典范。本文以慕尼黑奥林匹克公园为例．结合慕尼黑现代城市规划发展史以及城市规划结构体系．事务管理等方面进行阐述。重点探讨公园对慕尼黑市产生的持续影响及会后市民使用的相关问题．以期对奥运会后的北京提供借鉴。     

解析“城市事件”作为城市发展与环境景观建设的助推力：以德国城市慕尼黑为例

城市事件已成为推动当代城市发展和环境景观建设的重要契机。通过分析国外一些利用举办事件推动城市发展的成功案例,特别是德国城市慕尼黑的先进经验,探讨如何有效地控制和引导这种短期的大型城市事件,以期对城市发展产生持续而积极的影响。作者还结合我国的快速城市化进程,分别从事件的申办选址、组织运行以及后续发展三个阶段进行论述,提出制造事件和利用事件的城市发展策略;并提倡将事件的申办、组织和后续的地区发展都列入城市发展的具体行动计划中,使事件成为促进城市发展规划实施的巨大推动力。     

强化公共属性，助力城市发展：德国 慕尼黑城市公园建设及启示

广泛的国际经验研究可为中国的公园城市建设提供科学、有效的策略支撑，并推动其相关理论的完善。系统梳理了德国慕尼黑在不同历史时期城市公园的发展脉络，总结了其城市公园系统的分级、分类与分布特征，解析了慕尼黑公园建设中表达其公共属性的4项特征，即全员化的运动场地设置、全方位的社会服务供给、丰富多样的文娱活动，以及灵活高效的功能转换。这些宝贵的经验将为我国新时期的城市发展建设提供有益的借鉴与启示。     

Expanding yeast knowledge online

The completion of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome sequencing project¹¹ and the continued development of improved technology for large-scale genome analysis have led to tremendous growth in the amount of new yeast genetics and molecular biology data. Efficient organization, presentation, and dissemination of this information are essential if researchers are to exploit this knowledge. In addition, the development of tools that provide efficient analysis of this information and link it with pertinent information from other systems is becoming increasingly important at a time when the complete genome sequences of other organisms are becoming available. The aim of this review is to familiarize biologists with the type of data resources currently available on the World Wide Web (WWW). © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The softest program test system

This paper reviews the current status of both research and commercial testing systems, and addresses the features necessary for a commercial test system. These include test case specification, test data generation, testbed generation, program instrumentation, automatic test execution and validation, as well as dynamic analysis of control and data flow. Of particular value is the linking of the details of the test to the program specification by means of an assertion language. These and other features are then described within the contest of , an integrated system for testing Assembler, , and / 1 programs in a simulated test environment. This system is now being used to validate programs in a test laboratory.